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    政大機構典藏 > 文學院 > 哲學系 > 學位論文 >  Item 140.119/156454
    請使用永久網址來引用或連結此文件: https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/156454


    題名: 應對梅瑟爾對希克「愛任紐型神義論」的挑戰
    Responding to Mesle’s challenge to Hick's Irenaean Theodicy
    作者: 劉秉正
    Liu, Bing-Zheng
    貢獻者: 劉若韶
    Liu, Ruo-Shao
    劉秉正
    Liu, Bing-Zheng
    關鍵詞: 希克
    梅瑟爾
    神義論
    惡的問題
    愛任紐
    John Hick
    C. Robert Mesle
    theodicy
    problem of evil
    Irenaeus
    日期: 2025
    上傳時間: 2025-04-01 11:40:00 (UTC+8)
    摘要: 哲學歷史上有許多關於神的惡的問題的討論,神的善與惡的存在之間的理論張力有許多哲學家都有提出,也有許多哲學家嘗試解決這個問題。其中最具代表的性的就就是普蘭丁格(Plantinga)的辯護理論,基本終結了惡的問題的邏輯矛盾問題。而希克(Hick)則是區別於歷史上的主流神義論理論,吸收了愛任紐的神學思想,提出了另闢蹊徑的愛任紐型神義論來嘗試解決惡的問題。愛任紐神義論認為,創造是一個分為兩個階段的過程:生物階段和倫理階段。通過這些階段,人在自由意志的基礎上逐漸成長為道德和靈性完善的個體。
    本文分析了梅瑟爾的批評,梅瑟爾主要批判希克否定了世界上“真實的惡”,認為世界上的許多惡只是“表面惡”,其存在最終服務於神的更大善。梅瑟爾認為某些惡,例如納粹集中營、嬰兒夭折等,無法通過發展出美德和道德品質來正當化,這樣的惡純粹是無意義的痛苦,而不應成為神義論的辯護理由。
    論文最後結合了希克對梅瑟爾批評的回應,希克認為梅瑟爾誤解了他的神義論,希克並未主張每個惡都是神直接安排的,而是這些惡在神創造的宇宙中偶然出現,最終仍服務於神的更大善。但是同時本文會更進一步找出希克和梅瑟爾的論述的漏洞,進一步完善愛任紐型神義論。
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    Augustine. (1998), Confessions, H. Chadwick (trans.), Oxford University Press.

    Augustine.(1887A) On the Nature of Good. Newman, A. H. (Trans.). Nicene and post-Nicene fathers, First series, Vol. 4 (P. Schaff, Ed.). Christian Literature Publishing Co.

    Augustine.(1887B) The city of god. Dods, M. (Trans.). Nicene and post-Nicene fathers, First series, Vol. 2 (P. Schaff, Ed.). Christian Literature Publishing Co.

    Augustine.(1887C) The Handbook on Faith, Hope and Love . Shaw, J. F. (Trans.). Nicene and post-Nicene fathers, First series, Vol. 3 (P. Schaff, Ed.). Christian Literature Publishing Co.

    Augustine.(2010)On the Free Choice of the Will. King, P. (Trans). On the Free Choice of the Will, On Grace and Free Choice, and Other Writings .(King, P. Ed.). Cambridge University Press.

    Bayle, P. (1965). Historical and Critical Dictionary: Selections. Popkin, H.R.(Trans. & Ed.). with assistance from Craig Brush. The Bobbs-Merrill Company, Inc.

    Chignell , A.(2021 ) Kinds and Origins of Evil .https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/evil-kinds-origins.

    Davies, B. (2011). Thomas Aquinas on God and Evil. Oxford; New York: Oxford University Press.

    Draper, P. (1989) Pain and Pleasure: An Evidential Problem for Theists. Noûs Vol. 23, No. 3 (Jun., 1989): pp 331-350

    Farrer,A. (2007). Editor's introduction. Leibniz (2007). Theodicy. Huggard, E.M. (trans.). (Farrer,A. Ed.) BiblioBazaar.

    Fergusson, D. (2018) ,The Providence of God: A Polyphonic Approach, Cambridge University Press

    Frick, P. (1999) ,Divine providence in Philo of Alexandria. Mohr Siebeck.

    Hick, J. (1991). Response to Mesle. John Hick's Theodicy: A Process Humanist Critique. Plgrave Macmillan UK: pp. 115-134

    Hick,J. (2010). Evil and the God of Love. Palgrave Macmillan UK.

    Hume, D. (2007). Dialogues concerning Natural Religion and Natural History of Religion. (Coleman, D. Ed.). Cambridge University Press.

    Inwagen, P. V. (1988)The Magnitude, Duration, and Distribution of Evil: A Theodicy. Philosophical Topics Vol. 16, No. 2, Philosophy of Religion (FALL 1988), pp. 161-187

    Mackie, J.L. (1955). Evil and Omnipotence. Mind New Series, Vol. 64, No. 254. (Apr., 1955): pp.200–212.

    Mesle, C. R.(1993). Process Theology: A Basic Introduction. Chalice presss.

    Mesle, C. R. (1991). John Hick's Theodicy: A Process Humanist Critique. Plgrave Macmillan UK.

    Nygren, A. (1953). Agape and Eros. Watson, P.S. (Trans.). The Westminster Press.

    O’Brien, D. (1996), Plotinus on matter and evil, The Cambridge Companion to Plotinus, L.P. Gerson (ed.), Cambridge University Press: pp. 171–195.

    Plantinga, A. (1977) God, Freedom, and Evil. William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company.

    Plato. (1997) Republic. Grube, G.M.A. (Trans.). Plato complete works. Cooper, J.M.(ed.). Hackett Publishing Company: pp. 971-1223

    Plotinus. (1992). The six enneads. S. MacKenna & B. S. Page, (Trans.). Encyclopedia Britannica.

    Rowe, William L. (1979) The Problem of Evil and Some Varieties of Atheism. American Philosophical Quarterly, Vol. 16, No. 4 (Oct., 1979): pp 335-341

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    描述: 碩士
    國立政治大學
    哲學系
    109154015
    資料來源: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0109154015
    資料類型: thesis
    顯示於類別:[哲學系] 學位論文

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