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| Title: | 國際匯款對墨西哥留守兒童教育的影響：來自2022年全國家庭收入與支出調查的證據
Effect of International Remittances on Education of Children Left Behind in Mexico: Evidence from the 2022 National Household Income and Expenditure Survey |
| Authors: | 高奕安
Garrido, Yarel Andrina Ramirez |
| Contributors: | 王明聖
Wang, Ming-Sheng
高奕安
Yarel Andrina Ramirez Garrido |
| Keywords: | 兒童
移民
學校出勤率
教育成就
家庭
人力資本理
children
migration
school attendance
educational attainment
household
human capital theory |
| Date: | 2025 |
| Issue Date: | 2025-03-03 15:33:38 (UTC+8) |
| Abstract: | 墨西哥在國際移民數量上排名全球第二，共有1120萬人居住在國外（CONAPO, 2022）。來自這些移民的匯款在緩解經濟壓力和減少貧困方面發揮了重要作用，但其對教育的影響則更加複雜。尤其是在農村地區，當父母一方或雙方外出移民時，兒童往往面臨家庭結構中斷的情況，並需承擔額外責任。這些情境可能對學校出勤率和教育成就產生負面影響，顯示出匯款雖然提供了財務支持，但同時也帶來了社會與學業方面的挑戰。
本研究旨在探討匯款對墨西哥6至17歲留守兒童的學校出勤率及教育成就的影響，並與未接受匯款的家庭進行比較。研究採用2022年「全國家庭收入與支出調查」（ENIGH）的數據，並運用了兩個計量經濟模型進行分析：邏輯迴歸模型將學校出勤率視為二元變數（0=否，1=是）；序列迴歸模型將教育成就視為順序變數（0=落後，1=達標，2=超前）。這些模型用於評估匯款是否對兒童的學業表現產生正面影響。
研究結果顯示，匯款顯著提升了學校出勤率和教育成就，尤其是對於13至15歲的女孩及6至12歲的男孩而言。相比之下，留守家庭中的女孩受益更為顯著，其教育成就平均增加了0.098年。然而，研究亦發現，童工對於男孩的學校出勤率產生了不利影響，特別是在經濟壓力較大的農村地區。這凸顯了需要針對性措施以減輕財務限制對教育的負面影響。
本研究深入探討了遷移及匯款對兒童學業表現的長期影響。通過強調匯款對教育成功的直接影響，本研究引起了對家庭層面匯款效應中經常被忽視方面的關注。研究結果突顯出政策的重要性，以最大化匯款的優勢以克服教育上的結構性障礙。
Mexico ranks second worldwide in the number of international migrants, with 11.2 million individuals living abroad (CONAPO, 2022). While remittances from these migrants play a crucial role in easing financial pressures and reducing poverty for families left behind, their effects on education are more complicated. Children often experience disrupted family structures and take on additional responsibilities, especially in rural areas where one or both parents have moved away. These situations can negatively impact school attendance and educational success, illustrating how remittances can provide financial support while also introducing social and academic challenges.
This research investigates the impact of remittances on school attendance and educational attainment for left-behind children aged 6-17 in Mexico, comparing outcomes with non-recipient households. Using data from the 2022 National Survey of Household Income and Expenditure (ENIGH, for its acronymous in Spanish), the analysis employs two econometric models: a logistic regression model to evaluate school attendance as a binary variable (0=No, 1=Yes), and an ordinal regression model for educational attainment ordinal variable (0=behind, 1=on track, 2=ahead). These models assess whether remittances positively influence children's academic outcomes.
Results indicate that remittances significantly improve school attendance and educational attainment, particularly for girls (ages 13-15) and boys (ages 6-12). Girls in left-behind households benefit more substantially than boys, with an average increase of 0.098 years in educational attainment. However, the findings also reveal that child labor adversely affects boys’ school attendance, especially in rural areas with more pronounced economic pressures. This highlights the need for targeted interventions to mitigate the negative effects of financial constraints on education.
This study explores a deeper insight into the long-term effects of migration and remittances on children's academic performance. By emphasizing the direct impact of remittances on educational success, the analysis brings attention to frequently overlooked aspects of the effects of remittances at the household level. The results underscore the importance of policies designed to maximize the advantages of remittances while tackling the structural obstacles to education. |
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| Description: | 碩士
國立政治大學
應用經濟與社會發展英語碩士學位學程(IMES)
111266017 |
| Source URI: | http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0111266017 |
| Data Type: | thesis |
| Appears in Collections: | [應用經濟與社會發展英語碩士學位學程 (IMES)] 學位論文
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