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    題名: 綠電交易永續發展分析-以台灣離岸風電產業為例
    Sustainability Analysis of Green Energy Trading-In the Context of Taiwan’s Offshore Wind Industry
    作者: 張藍云
    Chang, Lan-Yun
    貢獻者: 郭炳伸
    Kuo, Biing-Shen
    張藍云
    Chang, Lan-Yun
    關鍵詞: 離岸風電
    綠電交易
    信保機制
    PEST
    能源轉型
    永續發展
    再生能源
    電證制度
    Offshore Wind Power
    Green Energy Trading
    Credit Guarantee
    PEST Analysis
    Energy Transition
    Sustainable Development
    Renewable Energy
    日期: 2024
    上傳時間: 2025-02-04 15:23:56 (UTC+8)
    摘要: 在全球氣候變遷和能源轉型的雙重壓力下，永續發展（Sustainable Development）不再僅僅是一項理念，更已成為全人類生存與繁榮的行動指南。這一理念的根源可追溯至1980年，由國際自然與自然資源保護聯盟(IUCN)提出，強調經濟、社會與自然環境之間的協同發展，力求在滿足當代人需求的同時，確保未來世代擁有同等的資源和發展機會。這種平衡發展的理念，旨在避免單一領域的短期獲益而損害其他領域的長期可持續性。
    這一核心真理在中國古籍「呂氏春秋·義賞」中早有記載：“竭澤而漁，豈不獲得？而來年無魚；焚藪而田，豈不獲得？而來年無獸。”這段話以古老而簡練的方式警示世人：短視的經濟利益可能帶來當下的成功，但最終卻會削弱甚至摧毀未來的資源基礎，導致不可逆的長期損害。真正的永續發展精神要求我們在追求當前利益的同時，必須兼顧所有利害關係人的利益，唯有如此，才能實現經濟、環境與社會的長期平衡和共榮。
    然而，現實的挑戰不容忽視。根據聯合國根據巴黎協定所釋出的報告，全球在實現減碳目標的進度上存在嚴重滯後，必須在2030年前減少43%的溫室氣體排放量，才能避免全球暖化帶來的不可逆變化。然而，自巴黎協定簽署以來，全球各國在落實減碳行動上仍普遍存在執行不力的問題。許多國家和企業遊走於漂綠與形式主義，忽視了源頭減排這一實質性行動，導致全球減碳進程進展緩慢，甚至有些停滯不前。
    在這一全球性挑戰面前，台灣政府積極展開行動，提出了「2050淨零路徑規劃」，並承諾投資9,000億元推動再生能源發展、交通工具電動化、節能技術提升及儲能系統的完善等多個關鍵領域。其中，綠電交易制度的建立與成熟，不僅有助於提高市場透明度，更能激勵企業大規模投資綠色能源項目，為台灣的能源結構優化和全球氣候目標的實現提供重要保障。
    本研究以台灣離岸風電產業為核心，分析台灣綠電交易制度的發展現狀及其面臨的發展挑戰。運用PEST分析法，探討影響台灣離岸風電產業及綠電交易制度的各種影響因素，並在全球能源轉型的大背景下，對這些制度是否真正體現永續原則進行比較。透過對比歐洲成熟的綠電交易市場現況，評估台灣現有綠電交易制度在支持長期環境、經濟和社會永續發展方面的表現，並提出具體建議。本論文旨在分析觀察台灣的綠電交易制度與真正永續發展的精神是否存在差異，在各不同角色的價值主張以及行為中觀察其為綠電市場所帶來的影響，為可持續發展的未來作出貢獻。
    Under the dual pressures of global climate change and energy transition, Sustainable Development has evolved from merely a concept to a guiding action for the survival and prosperity of humanity. The origins of this concept can be traced back to 1980, when it was jointly proposed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature .The emphasis is on the coordinated development of the economy, society, and the natural environment, aiming to meet the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. This concept of balanced development is designed to avoid short-term gains in one area that could undermine the long-term sustainability of others.
    This fundamental truth was already recognized in the ancient Chinese text Lushi Chunqiu, which states, “Drain the pond to catch fish, and you may gain today; but there will be no fish next year. Set the forest ablaze to hunt, and you may benefit now; but there will be no game next year.” This ancient wisdom warns us that short-sighted economic benefits may bring immediate success, but they will ultimately weaken or even destroy the resource base for the future, leading to irreversible long-term damage. True sustainability requires that, while pursuing current benefits, we must also consider the interests of all stakeholders. Only by doing so can we achieve long-term balance and shared prosperity in the economy, environment, and society. According to a report released by the United Nations under the Paris Agreement, the global progress in achieving carbon reduction targets is severely lagging. A 43% reduction in greenhouse gas emissions must be achieved by 2030 to prevent the irreversible consequences of global warming.
    Since the signing of the Paris Agreement, many countries have consistently failed to implement effective carbon reduction measures. Many nations and enterprises are caught up in greenwashing and formalism, neglecting the substantive action of reducing emissions at the source. This has led to slow or even stalled progress in global carbon reduction efforts.
    In the face of this global challenge, the Taiwanese government has actively responded by proposing the "2050 Net-Zero Pathway Plan," committing to an investment of NT$900 billion in key areas such as the development of renewable energy, the electrification of transportation, the enhancement of energy-saving technologies, and the improvement of energy storage systems. Among these initiatives, the establishment and maturation of a green energy trading system is seen as the core driving force for Taiwan's energy transition. This system not only helps increase market transparency but also encourages large-scale investment by enterprises in green energy projects, providing crucial support for optimizing Taiwan's energy structure and achieving global climate goals.
    This study focuses on Taiwan's offshore wind power industry, providing an in-depth analysis of the current state of Taiwan's green energy trading system and the challenges it faces, with particular attention to the system's effectiveness in promoting sustainable development. Utilizing the PEST analysis framework, the study explores various factors influencing Taiwan's offshore wind power industry and green energy trading system. Additionally, it conducts an international comparison to assess whether these systems truly embody the spirit of sustainability within the broader context of global energy transition. By comparing the current state of the well-established green electricity trading market in Europe, this thesis aims to evaluate Taiwan's existing green electricity trading system in terms of its performance in supporting long-term environmental, economic, and social sustainability, and to provide specific recommendations. Ato analyze whether there are discrepancies between Taiwan's green electricity trading system and the true spirit of sustainable development. It will examine the value propositions and behaviors of various stakeholders to assess their impact on the green electricity market, ultimately contributing to a sustainable future.
    參考文獻: 網際網路
    1.沃旭能源. 離岸風機運作原理| 沃旭能源在台灣 取自：https://www.orsted.tw
    2.經濟部能源署. 能源知識庫: 深入分析-能源知識庫 取自https://www.twenergy.org.tw
    3.經濟部能源署. 再生能源資訊網 : 焦點專欄 取自: 英國第三次離岸風電差價合約 (CfD)競標創歷史新低-再生能源資訊網 (re.org.tw)
    4.立法院全球資訊網. 從離岸風力發電論民眾參與機制之問題研析. 取自：https://www.ly.gov.tw
    5.國家發展委員會臺灣2050淨零排放路徑及策略總說明 取自：https://www.ndc.gov.tw/Content_List.aspx?n=DEE68AAD8B38BD76
    6.經濟部. (2023, 1月6日). 112年度再生能源電能躉購費率正式公告. 取自: https://www.moea.gov.tw/MNS/populace/news/News.aspx?kind=1&menu_id=40&news_id=104234
    7.經濟部標準檢驗局國家再生能源憑證中心. 再生能源憑證制度及綠電交易介紹. 取自：https://www.trec.org.tw/documents/81.pdf
    8.NASDAQ OMX Commodities Europe. 取自：http://www.nordpool.no/
    9.資誠會計師事務所. (2023). 2023 台灣綠電交易進度報告. 取自：https://www.pwc.tw
    10.永豐銀行. 綠電交易如何進行？5分鐘說明取得綠電憑證的方法和交易注意事項. 取自：https://www.sinopac.com
    11.台灣離岸風電市場分析：風場延宕與嚴苛的行政契約可能抑制動能. 取自：https://www.infolink-group.com
    12.謝友仁. (2018). 綠色金融行動方案簡介（一）綠能產業取得融資. 月旦會計財稅網.
    13.蔡亦臺、廖容翎. (2022). 企業瘋搶「綠電身分證」淺談再生能源憑證現況與未來展望. 資誠聯合會計師事務所. 取自：https://www.pwc.tw
    14.Washington State University Libraries. (2024.). PESTEL Analysis - Industry Research. WSU Libraries. 取自：https://libguides.wsulibs.wsu.edu/industry-research/pestel-analysis
    15.Iglinski, B., Flisikowski, K., Pietrzak, M. B., Kiełkowska, U., Skrzatek, M., Zyadin, A., & Natarajan, K. (2021). Renewable Energy in the Pomerania Voivodeship—Institutional, Economic, Environmental and Physical Aspects in Light of EU Energy Transformation. Energies, 14(24), 8221. 取自：https://doi.org/10.3390/en14248221
    16.Department of Economic and Social Affairs. (n.d.). Sustainable Development. United Nations. 取自：https://sdgs.un.org/desa

    中文資料
    1.麥肯錫思考模型活用法. 大是文化出版.
    2.經濟部. 臺灣2050淨零轉型 「電力系統與儲能」 關鍵戰略行動計畫.
    3.經濟部能源署. 風力發電4 年推動計畫(核定本).
    4.行政院. 「國家融資保證機制推動方案」(行政院1120606修正核定本).
    5.經濟部. 能源轉型成果簡報.
    6.台灣經濟研究院. 台經社論 建立支持24/7全時綠電與符合誠信原則的再生能源電能市場.
    7.台灣經濟研究院. 台灣銀行季刊 台灣離岸風電專案融資之授信風險與風險減輕對策.
    8.台灣經濟研究員. 社論 我國離岸風電推動政策之審思. (2020).
    9.蔡承瑋. (2018). 綠色金融風險管理與規劃–以台灣離岸風電產業發展為例（碩士論文）. 國立政治大學.
    10.王照棋. (2021). 離岸風電專屬經濟海域開發之法規可行性研析. 工業技術研究院委託研究報告.
    11.劉冠麟. (2018). 再生能源憑證簡介. 標準檢驗局.
    12.台灣積體電路製造股份有限公司112年度永續報告書 (2023)
    13.沃旭大彰化二階 最終投資決定的三意涵. 工商時報評論. (2023, 4月13日).

    英文資料
    1.GWEC Market Intelligence. (2023, July).
    2.WFO Global Offshore Wind Report HY1 2023.
    3.Nordic Co-operation Programme on Energy Policy 2022-2024.
    4.Renewable-Energy-Policies-in-the-Nordic-Region.
    5.Solomon, B. D., & Krishna, K. (2011). The coming sustainable energy transition: History, strategies, and outlook. *Energy Policy, 39*(11), 7422-7431.
    描述: 碩士
    國立政治大學
    經營管理碩士學程(EMBA)
    112932032
    資料來源: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0112932032
    資料類型: thesis
    顯示於類別:[經營管理碩士學程EMBA] 學位論文

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