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| Title: | (非)物質弱連結：多麗絲．萊辛《金色筆記》中的剪報與群眾佈署
(Im)material Weak Ties : The Deployment of Newspaper Clippings and Crowd in Doris Lessing's The Golden Notebook |
| Authors: | 周綵潔
Chou, Tsai-Chieh |
| Contributors: | 邱彥彬
Chiou, Yen-Bin
周綵潔
Chou, Tsai-Chieh |
| Keywords: | 弱連結
剪報
群眾
收藏力
《金色筆記》
(非)物質主義
Weak Ties
Newspaper Clippings
Crowd
Collectability
The Golden Notebook
(Im)materialism |
| Date: | 2024 |
| Issue Date: | 2025-01-02 11:47:43 (UTC+8) |
| Abstract: | 本論文旨在透過物件與主要角色安娜之間的共生弱聯結，分析多麗絲·萊辛的《金色筆記》中的報紙剪報，探討新的主體性在報紙剪報和安娜轉變中的出現。第一章討論了在藍色筆記本中存在的誕生強連結和模糊的弱聯結。安娜最初在藍色筆記本中創作日記條目，但後來被報紙剪報取代。這一轉變使敘述從她的第一人稱視角轉變為記者的第三人稱觀點。在哈曼的《非物質主義》中，物件被比喻為「沉睡的巨人」，其中改變被認為是間歇性的，而穩定才是常態。這種物件潛在能量的概念構成了解讀藍色筆記本中報紙剪報累積的一種閱讀策略。第一章進一步探討了哈曼提出的多重共生弱聯結概念——以荷蘭東印度公司（VOC）、總督和荷蘭總部之間的關係為例——如何支持安娜在珍妮特不在期間耽溺於報紙剪報的想法。這種沉浸導致她無法在兩個剪報之間做出優先選擇——個人選擇和全球議題。因此，她暫時將剪報釘在白色牆壁的公共空間上，通過一個網絡展示了她自己與報紙剪報之間異質的共生弱聯結的出現。
第二章的目標是檢視安娜與桌、椅及筆記本之間錯綜複雜的互動，這些物品構成了整個收藏的核心元素。本章提供了一種替代觀點，旨在解決資本主義對實用性和交換價值的固有問題。值得注意的是，將黑色筆記本與該系列中的其他三本筆記本一起收藏的過程，受到班雅明《拱廊計劃》中收藏性概念的啟發，尤其是關於收藏者與筆記本之間的動態關係。藉由借鑒班雅明對於觸發的非自願記憶的討論，我主張可以削弱收藏者通常與擁有權相關的僵化框架，從而使收藏者與被收藏物品之間形成較弱且更靈活的連結，最終促進對物件主體性的重新定義。安娜也意識到，收藏商業信件、私人書信、《戰爭前線》評論文章及非洲報紙剪報的過程會觸發她的非自願記憶。因此，她經歷了將當下視為嵌入過去的未來的片刻，形成了一種重複但具啟發性的對當前現實的理解。這促使她反思過去的挑戰，並重新考量那些問題是否已經得到有效解決。
第三章主要探討由於生命政治群眾的弱連結，這些群眾來自異質的交通背景並參與偶然的生命政治事件，這如何闡明了安娜轉變為新主體的過程。在探討安娜參與生命政治事件的偶然性時，可以與阿圖塞的異質弱連結的原子雨概念相比擬。具體而言，一個原子從其原本與其他原子平行下降的軌跡偏離，隨後與另一個原子相遇，從而形成一個新的世界。這支持了安娜在觀察到街上有學生奔跑後，似乎沒有理由決定下車的行為，從而偏離了她原本回家的路徑。此外，報紙對瑪莉安、湯米和安娜的影響可以被解釋為另一種抽象的強連結，類似於班尼迪克·安德森所提出的想像的共同體及其相關的印刷資本主義。然而，考慮到生命政治群眾異質交通背景的影響，安娜通過口號和偶然的對話與群體動態的某些方面進行互動。安娜並未複製出另一個版本的馬斯隆，而是通過幫助報紙上的瑪莉安和湯米，實現了主體轉變，成為她自己的另一種版本。在強調不可見的、多樣的、異質的生命政治共生弱連結和網絡以及替代的生命政治意涵時，《金色筆記》中的報紙剪報被展示在白色牆壁上，成為關鍵的圖像。
This dissertation examines the newspaper clippings in Doris Lessing’s The Golden Notebook through the concept of symbiotic weak ties between objects and the protagonist, Anna, to explore the emergence of new subjectivity in both the clippings and Anna’s transformation. Chapter One focuses on the interplay between strong foundational ties and ambiguous weak ties in the blue notebook. Initially, Anna’s diary entries dominate the blue notebook, but these are later replaced by newspaper clippings, shifting the narrative from her first-person perspective to the third-person account of reporters. Drawing on Harman’s Immaterialism, which conceptualizes objects as possessing latent energy with change occurring sporadically, this chapter uses this framework to interpret the accumulation of clippings. Harman’s notion of symbiotic weak ties, as illustrated by relationships (with)in the Dutch East India Company, is applied to Anna’s growing preoccupation with the clippings during her daughter Janet’s absence. This engagement leads to Anna’s temporary placement of clippings on a white wall, symbolizing the formation of heterogeneous networks between herself and the clippings.
Chapter Two examines the dynamic relationship between Anna and the assemblage of the trestle table, stool, and notebook as central elements of her collection. This chapter critiques capitalist notions of practical use and exchange value, using Benjamin’s The Arcades Project to analyze the process of collecting the black notebook alongside the others. Benjamin’s concept of involuntary memory challenges rigid frameworks of ownership, allowing for weaker, more flexible connections between Anna and the collected objects. Through this process, Anna redefines the subjectivity of these objects. Collecting business letters, personal correspondence, critical reviews of Frontiers of War, and African newspaper clippings triggers involuntary memories that prompt Anna to perceive the present as intertwined with the past and future, enabling her to reevaluate unresolved challenges.
Chapter Three explores Anna’s transformation into a new subject through her interaction with biopolitical crowds and contingent events. Althusser’s theory of atomic deviation provides a framework for understanding Anna’s seemingly of no end decision to disembark a bus after observing students in the street, leading her to deviate from her planned trajectory. The newspaper’s influence on Marion, Tommy, and Anna is also analyzed as a form of abstract strong ties akin to Anderson’s notion of imagined communities and print capitalism. Additionally, Anna engages with the dynamics of the biopolitical crowd through slogans and dialogues, contributing to her subject transformation. Instead of replicating Mathlong’s narrative, Anna evolves by assisting Marion and Tommy, individuals featured in the newspaper. The newspaper clippings on the white wall in The Golden Notebook serve as a critical image, representing the invisible, heterogeneous networks and alternative meanings emerging from Anna’s biopolitical experiences. |
| Reference: | Introduction Works Cited
Althusser, Louis. Philosophy of the Encounter: Later Writings, 1978-87. Ed. François Matheron and Oliver Corpet. London: VERSO, 2006. Print.
Bazin, Victoria. “Commodifying the Past: Doris Lessing’s The Golden Notebook as Nostalgic Narrative.” The Journal of Commonwealth Literature 43.2 (2008): 117-131. EBSCOhost. Web. 30 Oct. 2021.
Benjamin, Walter. Illuminations. Ed. Hannah Arendt. London: PIMLICO, 1968. Print.
---. The Arcades Project. Cambridge, MA: Belknap-Harvard UP, 1999. Print.
Cairnie, Julie. “Reading Africa in The Golden Notebook.” Doris Lessing’s the Golden Notebook after Fifty. Ed. Alice Ridout, Roberta Rubenstein, and Sandra Singer. New York: PALGRAVE MACMILLAN, 2015. Springer Link. Web. 29 Oct. 2021.
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Lessing, Doris. The Golden Notebook. New York: Harper Collins Publishers, 1962. Print.
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Chapter One Works Cited
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Hill, Wes. “Art and Objects.” Australian and New Zealand Journal of Art. 21.1 (2021): 152-157. Taylor & Francis Social Science and Humanities Library. Web. 15 Oct. 2022.
Hite, Molly. “(En)gendering Metafiction: Doris Lessing’s Rehearsals for The Golden Notebook.” MFS Modern Fiction Studies. 34.3 (1988): 481-500. JSTOR. Web. 2 Oct. 2024.
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Lessing, Doris. The Golden Notebook. New York: Harper Collins Publishers, 1962. Print.
Maslen, Elizabeth. “‘Witness Literature’ in the Post-war Novels of Storm Jameson and Doris Lessing.” The History of British Women’s Writing, 1945-1975. Ed. Clare Hanson and Susan Watkins. London: PALGRAVE MACMILLAN, 2017. Springer Link. Web. 30 Oct. 2021.
Milne, Ira Mark. Novels for Students: Volume 27. Detroit: Gale, 2008. GALE EBOOKS. Web. 27 May. 2024.
Osborn, James. “On the Difference Between Being and Object.” Philosophy Today. 63.1 (2019): 125-153. ProQuest Central. Web. 15 Oct. 2022.
Schlueter, Paul. “The Golden Notebook.” Bloom’s Modern Critical Views: Doris Lessing. Ed. Harold Bloom. Broomall: Chelsea House Publishers, 2003. Print.
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Chapter Two Works Cited
Abbas, Ackbar. “Walter Benjamin’s Collector: The Fate of Modern Experience.” New Literary History 20.1 (1988): 217-237. JSTOR. Web. 15 Oct. 2022.
Bazin, Victoria. “Commodifying the Past: Doris Lessing’s The Golden Notebook as Nostalgic Narrative.” The Journal of Commonwealth Literature 43.2 (2008): 117-131. EBSCOhost. Web. 30 Oct. 2021.
Benjamin, Walter. “Eduard Fuchs: Collector and Historian.” New German Critique 5 (1975): 27-58. JSTOR. Web. 15 Oct. 2022.
---. Illuminations. Ed. Hannah Arendt. London: PIMLICO, 1968. Print.
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Cairnie, Julie. “Reading Africa in The Golden Notebook.” Doris Lessing’s the Golden Notebook after Fifty. Ed. Alice Ridout, Roberta Rubenstein, and Sandra Singer. New York: PALGRAVE MACMILLAN, 2015. Springer Link. Web. 29 Oct. 2021.
Gardiner, Judith Kegan. “Doris Lessing’s The Golden Notebook.” A Companion to The British and Irish Novel 1945-2000. Ed. Brian W. Shaffer. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing, 2005. Print.
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Lessing, Doris. The Golden Notebook. New York: Harper Collins Publishers, 1962. Print.
Maslen, Elizabeth. “‘Witness Literature’ in the Post-war Novels of Storm Jameson and Doris Lessing.” The History of British Women’s Writing, 1945-1975. Ed. Clare Hanson and Susan Watkins. London: PALGRAVE MACMILLAN, 2017. Springer Link. Web. 30 Oct. 2021.
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Ridout, Alice. “‘What Is the Function of the Storyteller?’: The Relationship between Why and How Lessing Writes.” Doris Lessing: Interrogating the Times. Ed. Debrah Raschke, Phyllis Sternberg Perrakis, and Sandra Singer. Columbus: The Ohio State University Press, 2010. Print.
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Wizisla, Erdmut. “Daintiest Quarters: Notebooks.” Walter Benjamin’s Archive: Images, Texts, Signs. Ed. Marx, Ursula., Gudrun Schwarz, Michael Schwarz, and Erdmut Wizisla. New York: Verso, 2007. Print.
Chapter Three Works Cited
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Anderson, Amanda. Bleak Liberalism. London: The University of Chicago Press, 2016. Print.
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Campbell, Timothy and Adam Sitze. Biopolitics: A Reader. London: Duke University Press, 2013. Print.
Harman, Grahan. Immaterialism: Objects and Social Theory. Cambridge: Polity Press, 2016. Print.
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References
Chou, Debbie Tsai-Chieh. “Biopoliticization of Newspapers: Doris Lessing’s The Golden Notebook.” Tamkang Studies of Foreign Languages and Literatures. 41 (2024): 64-104. Airiti Library. Web. 17 Aug. 2024.
---. “The Collectability in Doris Lessing’s The Golden Notebook.” Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences. 24 (2024): 83-131. Airiti Library. Web. 29 Sep. 2024. |
| Description: | 博士
國立政治大學
英國語文學系
105551502 |
| Source URI: | http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0105551502 |
| Data Type: | thesis |
| Appears in Collections: | [英國語文學系] 學位論文
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