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Title:	臺灣當代的「發展研究」：以中山思想傳承為例的分析 Contemporary Development Studies in Taiwan--An Analysis Using the Heritage of Dr. Sun Yat-sen's Thought as the Example
Authors:	林義鈞;蔡明翰 Lin, Yi-Chun;Tsai, Ming-Han
Contributors:	國發所
Keywords:	發展研究;中山思想;實業計畫;臺灣 Development research;Dr. Sun Yat-sen's thought;International development plan of China;Taiwan
Date:	2023-11
Issue Date:	2024-12-12
Abstract:	當今時代，發展研究（Development studies）此一學問不僅具備極強的科際整合（Interdisciplinary）取向，串聯眾社會科學學門間脈絡，同時亦不乏與實際經驗如發展援助接軌的可能。而於近代中國，孫中山從〈實業計畫〉（原題：“The International Development of China”）出發、推展做其〈三民主義〉為核心的中山思想等重大文獻，為戰後臺灣發展經驗鋪陳跨域協力的思考，體現學術、實務轉換之特出。此中，中山思想、國際與臺灣構築為一大問題意識待解：中山思想對臺灣連結國際有何等貢獻？　本文擬嘗試回答此一問題，遂以二十世紀為主要解析重點，力求予學界描繪佐證中山思想的重要性。在研究架構上，依據中山思想、國際、臺灣三個場域與其中學術、實務的互動，構建研究設計思考，研究方法上則以文獻分析為優先、統計數據為輔助，並以國立政治大學國家發展研究所（Graduate Institute of Development Studies）為個案研究，因此發現：中山思想既含有國際元素，也確實具備跨域協力與科際整合等兩大內涵，它們讓臺灣的發展研究脈絡能銜接國際學界；更切實地說，中山思想幫助臺灣發展經驗與臺灣當代發展研究走向國際，分別形成實務與學術的相關貢獻。本文並期待後來且有志於發展研究者奠基本文、延伸專論，使臺灣當代發展研究持續勃興。 Dr. Sun Yat-sen formulated the “Sun Wen Theory” as the first part of his work entitled “Psychological Construction: A Constructive Scheme for Our Country”. Within this theory, he introduced the concept of “to know is difficult but to do is easy,” which pertains to “views on knowing and doing”. Within the context of Chinese philosophy, Dr. Sun Yat-senwas a pioneering figure who threw off the shackles imposed by religious and moral frameworks. He studied the issue of knowing and doing as a matter of “epistemology”, overcoming the traditional constraints of “to know is easy but to do is difficult” or “it is not difficult to know but it is difficult to implement it”. Dr. Sun Yat-sen said, “The country is constituted by the people; people are driven by their own thoughts,” and “Eradicate negative thoughts and habits in the past to work for the country devotedly.” The basis of founding a nation lies in psychological construction. However, after the Qing Dynasty was overthrown and the Republic of China was founded, these construction plans could not be implemented. Furthermore, “The Three Principles of the People” and “Sun Yat-sen’s Five-power Constitution of Republic of China” were regarded as “too idealistic and not suitable for China.” This research investigates the relationshipsamong people’s livelihood, persons with disabilities in Taiwan, and the policies affecting sheltered workshops, as well as the future development of sheltered workshops. Additionally, it delves into the historical, cultural, social, and political contexts surrounding sheltered workshops for persons with disabilities in Taiwan. According to the findings of this research, there are a number of problems that must be addressed, including the disproportionate representation of sheltered workshops and the number of sheltered employment positions in relation to persons with disabilities and capacity-based salary, the occupational reconstruction system, and other issues. Finally, specific recommendations were provided.
Relation:	孫學研究, No.35, pp.1-29
Data Type:	article
Appears in Collections:	[Graduate Institute of Development Studies] Periodical Articles

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