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Title:	解析馬來西亞伊斯蘭黨的發展（2013-2022） Unpacking The Development of the Malaysian Islamic Party (PAS) (2013-2022)
Authors:	林詠詩 Shi, Lim Yong
Contributors:	孫采薇 Sun, Tsai-Wei 林詠詩 Lim Yong Shi
Keywords:	馬來西亞政黨政治伊斯蘭黨發展因素競選策略 Malaysia’s political parties Malaysian Islamic Party (PAS) Development factor Campaign strategies
Date:	2024
Issue Date:	2024-08-05 14:05:10 (UTC+8)
Abstract:	2013年馬來西亞第13屆全國大選後，伊斯蘭黨在政黨合作上出現變化，在該變化的基礎上，2018年馬來西亞的選舉成績開始出現變化，不再是單純的「兩線政治」。2022年馬來西亞全國大選後，更是徹底顛覆了馬來西亞政治環境中的「兩線政治」局面，形成了「三角鼎立」的現象，且無一政黨聯盟可達到執政門檻。根據2022年的選舉結果，伊斯蘭黨在全國222個國會議席中共取得45個席次，為所有政黨中取得最多席次的政黨，但基於其所在的聯盟並非執政聯盟，使其成為擁有最多國會席次的反對黨。在亞洲的政治經驗中，多於兩個政黨在選舉中角逐是普遍的現象，而本文主要的研究對象為馬來西亞的伊斯蘭黨，因為該政黨自2013年後在馬來西亞的發展已不可被忽視。本文將影響伊斯蘭黨發展的因素分為結構性因素及讓2022年伊斯蘭黨選舉表現優異的關鍵因素。本文透過研究發現，影響伊斯蘭黨發展的結構性因素包括經濟、選舉制度、種族及意識形態的影響；而關鍵因素則為該黨競選席次與策略的選擇。另外2022年為馬來西亞投票年齡從21歲降低至18歲的首次全國大選，惟投票年齡對伊斯蘭黨的選舉成績是否造成影響仍須觀察。 After the 2013 Malaysian 13th General Election, the Malaysian Islamic Party (PAS) experienced changes in its party cooperation. Based on these changes, the 2018 election results in Malaysia began to show a shift from a simple "two-coalition politics." Following the 2022 Malaysian General Election, the situation of "two-coalition politics" in Malaysia was completely overturned, forming a "tripartite" phenomenon, with no single party alliance able to achieve the threshold to govern. According to the 2022 election results, PAS secured 45 seats out of the 222 parliamentary seats nationwide, making it the party with the most seats. However, since its alliance was not the ruling coalition, it became the opposition party with the most parliamentary seats. In the political experience of Asia, it is common for more than two parties to contest in elections, and this study focuses on PAS in Malaysia because its development since 2013 has become noteworthy. This study divides the factors affecting the development of the PAS into structural factors and key factors that led to its outstanding election performance in 2022. The study found that the structural factors influencing the development of PAS include economic factors, the electoral system, racial and ideological influences; while the key factors are the choice of seats contested and campaign strategies. Additionally, 2022 marked the first national election in Malaysia where the voting age was lowered from 21 to 18. However, whether the change in voting age impacted PAS's election results remains to be observed.
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Description:	碩士國立政治大學東亞研究所 111260020
Source URI:	http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0111260020
Data Type:	thesis
Appears in Collections:	[Graduate Institute of East Asia Studies] Theses

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