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| Title: | 另一種「格義」：1930年代中國宗教刊物中的儒學表述及其觀念會通
The Matching of Ideas： the Confucian Expression and Its Conception Communication on Chinese Religious Publications during the 1930 |
| Authors: | 周志煌 |
| Contributors: | 中文系 |
| Keywords: | 1930年代;儒學;格義;宗教報刊雜誌;道德主義
1930s;Confucianism;The Matching of Ideas;Religious Newspaper and Journal;Moralism |
| Date: | 2018-10 |
| Issue Date: | 2024-07-04 14:12:15 (UTC+8) |
| Abstract: | 民國以來，有關新舊文化論爭之中儒學的處境，以及文化保守主義者，當代新儒家等對於儒學修 身立命之學的闡揚，相關研究已有豐碩的成果。然而在民國以來大量宗教報刊雜誌有關儒學史料的爬 梳整理，以及其中蘊含的觀念會通，仍有許多尚待發掘的史料及研究值得注目。就「格義」來說，除 魏晉時期所指外來佛學與中國固有思想交涉這一學術文化現象外，就一般來說，也可以擴大來看待其 他時代溝通中外、思想相互交流的相關命題，並對這一會通途徑以及「比興」、「連類」等思維方法進 行探索。另外，就表述形式而言，除知識學理的倡議外，宗教報刊雜誌為顧及閱讀大眾的攝受，不論 是在報刊雜誌中加入仙佛扶乩降筆的技藝展演及賓白敘述，抑或在編刊欄目中，設置「雜俎」這一著 重因果輪迴故事陳述的文字內容，再加上宗教類報刊雜誌的推廣普及，深入民間生活，如此「解門」 與「行門」雙管齊下，都讓民國以來儒學觀念與其他宗教的格義面向，較之傳統思想史上的格義，有 了不一樣的表現形態及意義開展。再者，在1930 年代的黨政力量透過學校教育及其他大眾媒體刊物 宣導儒學道德主義及群倫規訓之餘，屬於宗教刊物當中的儒學表述及其觀念會通，也展現不同於教育 規訓外的另一種「道德主義」傾向。 本計畫以1930 年代為蒐羅研究範圍，在於1930 年代前期，中華民國進入訓政時期，日本亦在東 北扶植滿洲國的建立；而1930 年代後期，全面抗日戰爭爆發。扣合在黨國教育政策及民族文化興衰 的氛圍中，使得1930 年代時期的儒學發展，因為「主義」化而成為黨、國宣導訓政時期文化政策的 重要根據，此在1930 年代前後黨政機關控御的報刊雜誌，也多有所反映。相對於此，另有一類值得 關切的報刊雜誌材料，是在於宗教界對儒學知識的運用，其中除了傳統儒釋道三教調和論外，也有新 加入「耶、回」二教構成的五教合一之說的倡導。此外，另有地方或城市中的教派，為反映民間經濟 困頓、民生凋敝，抑或城市人欲橫流、民風敗德之現象，而各有不同的傳統宗教或新興教派在宗教刊 物中，對儒學進行闡釋，以撫慰或收拾人心，甚或產生與官方意識型態相近或相左的儒學闡釋，呈現 了與主政之間的協力或對抗關係。以上這些宗教界的發言，同樣都寄存在1930 年代的報刊雜誌，然 而相關文獻材料被注目者甚少，更遑論進行研究。在民國儒學發展的歷程中，是值得投以相關史料的 蒐集整理、拓展新的論述面向。
Since the Republic of China, the relevant researches on Confucianism in the old and new culture debate , as well as cultural conservatives or contemporary Neo-Confucianism for knowledge and self-cultivation of the study, have been abundant results.However, at the time, there were still a large number of Confucianism historical data and related research on the religious journals which contains the concept of the Matching ideasto be excavated and carried out. On the matching ideas of Buddhism and Chinese,in addition to the Wei and Jin period is referred to this particular concept category. In the general sense, it can also be extended to include the mutual communication and thoughts exchanges. As as well as the other thinking methods of “Category” and “Bixing”.In the form of expression, in addition to the theoretical knowledge of the initiative, the religious newspapers and magazines in order to take into account the reading of the public, such as Xianfo help explain the narrative, or focus on the reincarnation story of the "miscellaneous articles" column.The combination of religious and civil journals, both in the form of "door-to-door" and "door-to-door", has made the concept of Confucianism different from that of other religions in the history of traditional thought.At the same time, in the 1930s, the party and government forces propagated the Confucian ethical doctrine and group discipline through school education and other mass media publications. The Confucian representations and concepts in the religious publications also showed different moralism tendency. The program to the 1930s as the scope of the study,In the 1930s, the Republic of China entered the period of dictatorship, and Japan also fostered the establishment of Manchukuo in the northeast. In the late 1930s, the full-scale anti-Japanese war broke out. In the party's education policy and the national culture atmosphere of rise or fall,the development of Confucianism in the 1930s, because of the "doctrine" of the party and the country to promote the development of Confucianism become the important basis cultural policy propaganda during the party and time. It also reflected in 1930s around the newspapers and magazines.Another concern is the use of Confucianism in the religious field. In addition, the traditional Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism promote the theory of reconciliation, and the more local or urban sects reflect the civil economic hardship, the phenomenon of Confucianism in the religious publications. In order to soothe or clean up people's minds, and even produce or close to the official ideology of Confucian interpretation, the interpretation of Confucianism shows a co-ordination or confrontation with the main political relationship. These speeches were also stored in newspapers and magazines in the 1930s, but little attention to the relevant literature, let alone doing research. In the course of the development of the Confucianism in the Republic of China, it is worthwhile to collect relevant historical data and expand new expositions. |
| Relation: | 科技部, MOST106-2410-H004-154, 106.08-107.07 |
| Data Type: | report |
| Appears in Collections: | [中國文學系] 國科會研究計畫
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