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    题名: 重訪政黨體系變遷之研究：台灣個案之分析
    Revisiting the Study of Party System Change: a Case Study of Taiwan
    作者: 游清鑫
    贡献者: 選研中心
    关键词: 政黨體系變遷;政黨數量;意識型態距離;制度化;制度論觀點;社會學觀點
    party system change;number of political party;ideological distance;institutionalization;institutional perspective;sociological perspective
    日期: 2019-11
    上传时间: 2024-07-01 15:30:48 (UTC+8)
    摘要: 學術界對政黨體系之系統性研究可以Sartori在1976的《政黨與政黨體系》一書的論點為代表，並以政黨數量以及政黨之間意識型態距離兩個面向來對特定國家的政黨體系進行分類，儘管這樣的分類有助於研究者針對西方成熟民主國家之政黨體系進行跨國研究，但是，此兩個面向對於第三波民主化國家政黨體系快速變遷的現狀卻缺乏令人滿意的答覆。因此，在一方面本計畫援引Mainwaring等人所提出的制度化程度作為政黨體系研究的第三面向，希望在政黨數量與意識型態差異之外，在加上制度化的研究可以更貼切理解同樣屬於第三波民主化的台灣之政黨體系的變遷情形。在另一方面，本計畫則透過制度論途徑與社會學途徑兩大傳統的研究觀點，嘗試尋找從1980年代中期以來，促成台灣政黨體系變遷的因素，其中制度論觀點主要著重在選舉制度對政黨體系影響的評估，而2008年立委選制的變革，更是探索選制政治效應的重要資訊；社會學途徑的觀點則從民眾的基本特性著手，檢驗民眾基本社會與心理特性的改變，例如不同世代結構、不同認同、意識型態、以及特殊議題等，如何影響政黨體系的發展。在資料的使用上，本計畫同時兼用歷次選舉結果的總體資料，以及選舉調查中選民對政黨支持的個體資料，來檢驗個別政黨的興衰，以及體系內政黨之間的互動情形。
    Sartori’s classic work of 1976 “Parties and Party Systems: A Framework for Analysis” has been the most cited for the study of party system. The introduction of the number of political party and ideological distance into the classification of party system has substantially assisted researcher’s comparative studies of party system across countries. However, the two dimensions have fall short of providing satisfactory answers in the third wave democracies whose party systems change rapidly. Therefore, on the one hand, this is project utilizes the concept of institutionalization of party system suggested by Mainwaring and others to study the party system change in Taiwan which is also one of the members of third wave democracies. On the other hand, based on the two conventional perspectives of institutional approach and sociological approach, this project seeks to explore the dynamics behind party system change in Taiwan since the mid-1980s. The institutional perspective emphasizes the political impacts of institutions, and electoral system in particular, on the development of party system. It is even more crucial as Taiwan has adopted a new electoral system in the selection for legislatures in 2008. The sociological perspective includes citizen’s socio, democratic and even psychological attributes in the study of party system change. It is expected that, for example, the change of generation, identity, ideology and appearance of new issues, etc., would deliver important impact on the development of party system. This project also uses both macro electoral records to provide a changing pattern of party system, as well as micro survey data to explore the dynamic changes of party supports. It is based on these results that the interactions among political parties and the surge and decline of individual political parties can be adequately appreciated in the past three decades in Taiwan.
    關聯: 科技部, MOST105-2410-H004-027-MY2, 106.08-107.07
    数据类型: report
    显示于类别:[選舉研究中心] 國科會研究計畫

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