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    題名: 環境污染、租稅與外商直接投資
    Three Essays on Pollution, Taxation and Foreign Direct Investment
    作者: 許賀舜
    Hsu, He-Shun
    貢獻者: 黃智聰
    Huang, Jr-Tsung
    許賀舜
    Hsu, He-Shun
    關鍵詞: 空氣污染
    企業稅
    外商直接投資
    動態追蹤資料空間計量模型
    PM2.5
    Air pollution
    Corporate tax
    Foreign direct investment
    Dynamic panel spatial econometric model
    PM2.5 concentration
    日期: 2022
    上傳時間: 2022-09-02 15:28:30 (UTC+8)
    摘要: 本文主要探討以PM2.5濃度為指標的污染、企業稅與外商直接投資（FDI）之間的關係，特別針對FDI流入額、FDI流出額、以及來自美國與中國大陸的投資母國FDI流出額，並使用動態追蹤資料空間計量模型進行分析。本文主要由三篇文章所組成。
    第一篇文章主要研究空氣污染對於流入中國大陸的FDI之影響。本文使用2011至2019年，中國大陸288個地級市的追蹤資料，在考慮潛在內生性問題之下，利用一般化動差法所估計的空間計量模型進行分析。根據動態追蹤資料空間自迴歸（SAR）模型發現，空氣污染對流入中國大陸地級市的FDI有負向影響。然而，企業稅率對FDI的流入雖有負向影響，但不具穩健性。此外，流入中國大陸的FDI具有正向的空間相依性與動態過程。
    第二篇文章研究空氣污染對於FDI流出的影響。本文使用2011至2020年，102個國家或地區的追蹤資料，在考慮潛在內生性問題之下，透過數種檢定估計出動態追蹤資料SAR模型來進行分析。研究結果顯示，空氣污染對投資母國的FDI具有正向影響，並且發現相較於企業稅的影響，空氣污染為更重要與穩健的因素。此外，FDI流出在各國家或地區之間呈現出正向的空間相依性與動態過程。
    最後一篇文章透過數個動態追蹤資料空間計量模型的檢定，探討空氣污染對於美國與中國大陸的雙邊FDI流出至其他國家或地區之各別影響。本研究將空氣污染與企業稅等因素引入知識－資本模型中，同時考慮FDI具有空間相依性與動態過程。研究結果顯示，空氣污染與企業稅率對於美國與中國大陸的雙邊FDI流出至其他國家或地區具有正向影響。此外，中國大陸的跨國企業對於空氣污染與企業稅率的敏感度高於美國。再者，美國與中國大陸的雙邊FDI流出在國家或地區之間呈現出正向的空間相依性與動態過程。
    The main purpose of this dissertation is to explore the relationship among pollution represented by PM2.5 concentration as an index, corporate tax, and foreign direct investment (FDI), specifically with respect to inward FDI (IFDI, hereafter), outward FDI (OFDI, hereafter), and host-country FDI from U.S. and China, using the dynamic panel spatial econometric model. This dissertation consists of three essays (chapters).
    In the first essay, the purpose is to examine the role of air pollution in IFDI into China. Using a panel data of 288 prefectures and prefecture-level or above cities in China from 2011 to 2019, several specifications of spatial models with the generalized method of moments (GMM) estimators due to considering the potential endogeneity problem are estimated. According to dynamic panel spatial autoregressive (SAR) model, the finding is that air pollution has a negative impact on IFDI into China’s prefectures and prefecture-level or above cities. However, corporate tax rate has a negative impact on IFDI but is not robust. Moreover, IFDI shows a positive spatial dependence and a positive dynamic process.
    The second essay investigates the impact of air pollution on OFDI. Using a panel data of 102 economies from 2011 to 2020, several specifications of a dynamic panel SAR model justified by several diagnostic tests and that considers the potential endogeneity problem have been estimated. The finding is that air pollution has a positive impact on a home country’s OFDI, and it is found that air pollution is a more important and robust factor affecting outward investment than corporate tax. In addition, OFDI exhibits a positive spatial dependence among countries and regions and a positive dynamic process.
    Several specifications of a dynamic panel spatial econometric model in the last essay to explore and compare the effect of air pollution on bilateral FDI outflows from U.S. and that from China. This study add air pollution and corporate tax into the knowledge-capital model with considering the spatial dependence of host-country FDI and a dynamic process to support the significance of agglomeration economies. The finding is that air pollution and corporate tax rate have a positive impact on bilateral FDI outflows from U.S. and China. In addition, MNEs from China are more sensitive to air pollution and corporate tax rate than MNEs from U.S. Moreover, bilateral FDI outflows from U.S. and China exhibits a positive spatial dependence among countries and regions and a positive dynamic process.
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    描述: 博士
    國立政治大學
    財政學系
    107255502
    資料來源: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0107255502
    資料類型: thesis
    DOI: 10.6814/NCCU202201431
    顯示於類別:[財政學系] 學位論文

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