政大機構典藏-National Chengchi University Institutional Repository(NCCUR):Item 140.119/141141
English  |  正體中文  |  简体中文  |  Post-Print筆數 : 27 |  全文筆數/總筆數 : 113648/144635 (79%)
造訪人次 : 51684787      線上人數 : 604
RC Version 6.0 © Powered By DSPACE, MIT. Enhanced by NTU Library IR team.
搜尋範圍 查詢小技巧:
  • 您可在西文檢索詞彙前後加上"雙引號",以獲取較精準的檢索結果
  • 若欲以作者姓名搜尋,建議至進階搜尋限定作者欄位,可獲得較完整資料
  • 進階搜尋
    政大機構典藏 > 文學院 > 哲學系 > 學位論文 >  Item 140.119/141141
    請使用永久網址來引用或連結此文件: https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/141141


    題名: 認識與後設認識—賈央塔《正理之花.非二元識論章》譯註與研究
    Cognition and Meta-cognition: A Study and Annotated Translation of the Vijñānādvaitavāda Section of Jayanta’s Nyāyamañjarī
    作者: 李承恩
    Lee, Cheng-En
    貢獻者: 林鎮國
    何建興

    Lin, Chen-Kuo
    Ho, Chien-Hsing

    李承恩
    Lee, Cheng-En
    關鍵詞: 賈央塔
    正理之花
    正理派
    識論
    認識
    後設認識
    自證
    反思認識
    日期: 2022
    上傳時間: 2022-08-01 17:43:29 (UTC+8)
    摘要: 《正理之花》(Nyāyamañjarī)是印度正理派(Nyāya)哲學家賈央塔(Bhaṭṭa Jayanta,約840-900 CE)的重要著作,其中的〈非二元識論章〉(Vijñānādvaitavādaḥ,下稱識論章)涉及他對佛教中以陳那(Dignāga,約480-540 CE)、法稱(Dharmakīrti,約600-660 CE)為首的「識論(Vijñānavāda)」立場的批評,本文特別聚焦於認識與後設認識的討論,對〈識論章〉進行哲學研究與梵本中文譯註,主要的問題意識為:對賈央塔而言,認識經驗是什麼?
    因此,本文藉由探討以下議題:形相(ākāra)、量論(pramāṇavāda)、自證(svasaṁvitti)、反思認識(anuvyavasāya),分析賈央塔和識論的爭論,特別是釐清陳那的回憶論證和法稱的共同知覺限定(sahopalambhaniyama)論證,說明識論如何宣稱僅有認識為唯一存在,並且在認識當下必然具有對認識的反身性意識;相對的,賈央塔如何基於認識的因果關係而反駁識論,指出必然有外在對象的存在,且認識僅能在後續被反思認識所經驗。最終本文試圖證成如下核心主張:「站在正理派的立場,所謂的認識就是透過因果關係認識到與認識相異的對象,因此不可能有自證」。
    參考文獻: 1. 工具書
    中華電子佛典協會編,2016,CBETA電子佛典,台北:中華電子佛典協會。
    平川彰主編,1978,《俱舍論索引》,第一部至第三部,東京:大藏。
    荻原雲來主編,1979,《漢譯對照梵和大辭典》,台北:新文豐出版公司。

    2. 原始文獻
    五百大阿羅漢等造,玄奘譯,《阿毘達磨大毘婆沙論》,CBETA, T27, no. 1545。
    世親造,玄奘譯,《阿毘達磨俱舍論》,CBETA, T29, no. 1558。
    世親造,玄奘譯,《唯識二十論》,CBETA, T31, no. 1590。
    安慧造,玄奘譯,《大乘阿毘達磨雜集論》,CBETA, T31, no. 1606。
    呂澂輯,《集量論釋略抄》,CBETA, B09, no. 37。
    迦旃延子造,五百羅漢釋,《阿毘曇毘婆沙論》,CBETA, T28, no. 1546。
    陳那造,真諦譯,《無相思塵論》,CBETA, T31, no. 1619。
    陳那造,玄奘譯,《觀所緣緣論》,CBETA, T31, no. 1624。
    陳那造,玄奘譯,《因明正理門論》,CBETA, T32, no. 1628。
    商羯羅主造,玄奘譯,《因明入正理論》,CBETA, T32, no. 1630。
    提婆設摩阿羅漢造,玄奘譯,《阿毘達磨識身足論》,CBETA, T26, no. 1539。
    訶梨跋摩造,鳩摩羅什譯,《成實論》,CBETA, T32, no. 1646。
    慧月造,玄奘譯,《勝宗十句義論》,CBETA, T54, no. 2138。
    窺基造,《成唯識論述記》,CBETA, T43, no. 1830。
    窺基造,《唯識二十論述記》,CBETA, T43, no. 1834。
    護法造,玄奘譯,《大乘廣百論釋論》,CBETA, T30, no. 1571。
    護法造,義淨譯,《觀所緣論釋》,CBETA, T31, no. 1625。
    護法等造,玄奘譯,《成唯識論》,CBETA, T31, no. 1585。
    Āgamaḍambara: Dezsõ, C. (ed., trans.). (2005). Much Ado about Religion by Jayanta Bhaṭṭa. New York University Press.
    Aṣṭādhyāyī: Katre, S. M. (ed.). (1989). Aṣṭādhyāyī of Pāṇini. Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass.
    Nyāyabhāṣya: 見Nyāyadarśanam (1985)。
    Nyāyabinduṭīkā: Shastri, D. (ed.). (1985). Nyāyabindu of Ācārya Dharmakīrti with the Commentaries by Arya Vinitadeva and Dharmottara and Dharmottara-Ṭīkā-ṭippaṇa. Dharmakīrtinibandhāvali 3. Bauddha Bhāratī vol. 18. Varanasi: Bauddha Bharati.
    Nyāyadarśanam: Nyaya-Tarkatirtha, T. and Tarkatirtha, A. (eds.). (1985). Nyāyadarśanam, with Vātsyāyana’s Bhāṣya, Uddyotakara’s Vārttika, Vācaspati Miśra’s Tātparyaṭīkā, and Viśvanātha’s Vṛtti (2nd ed.), Delhi: Munshiram Manorharlal.
    Nyāyamañjarī(《正理之花》): Kataoka, K. (ed.). (2003). Critical Edition of the Vijñānādvaitavāda Section of Bhaṭṭa Jayanta’s Nyāyamañjarī (A revised version of Kataoka’s article under the same title, published in The Memoirs of the Institute of Oriental Culture, 144: 115-155.)
    Nyāyamañjarī (Mysore)(《正理之花》): Varadācārya, K. S. (ed.). (1969). of Nyāyamañjarī Jayantabhaṭṭa with Ṭippaṇi — Nyāyasaurabha. Mysore: Oriental Research Institute.
    Nyāyasūtra(《正理經》): 見Nyāyadarśanam (1985)。
    Nyāyavārttika: 見Nyāyadarśanam (1985)。
    Pramāṇasamuccaya(vṛtti)(《集量論》): Steinkellner, E. (ed.). (2005). “Dignāga’s Pramāṇasamuccaya, Chapter 1: A hypothetical reconstruction of the Sanskrit text with the help of the two Tibetan translations on the basis of the hitherto known Sanskrit fragments and the linguistic materials gained from Jinendrabuddhi’s Ṭīkā.”
    Pramāṇavārttika(《釋量論》): Miyasaka, Y. (ed.). (1972). “Pramāṇavārttika-Kārikā (Sanskrit and Tibetan).” Indo Koten Kenkyū [Acta Indologica] 2 (1971/1972): 1–206.
    Pramāṇaviniścaya(《量抉擇》): Steinkellner, E. (ed.). (2007). Dharmakīrti’s Pramāṇaviniścaya. Chapters 1 and 2. Beijing-Vienna: China Tibetology Publishing House. For Corrigenda, cf. Wiener Zeitschrift für die Kunde Südasiens 51 (2007–2008) 207–208, as well as http://ikga.oeaw. ac.at/Mat/steinkellner07_corrigenda.pdf
    Śābarabhāṣya: Frauwallner, E. (ed.). (1968). Śābaraswāmi’s Bhāṣyam zu den Mīmāṃsāsūtren 1.1.1-5: Materialien zur ältesten Erkenntnislehre der Karmamīmāṃsā. Hermann Böhlaus Nachf.
    Ślokavārttika: Shastri, S. D. (ed.). (1978). Ślokavārttika of Śrī Kumārila Bhaṭṭa with the Commentary Nyāyaratnākara of Śrī Pārthasārathi Miśra. Varanasi: Tara Publications.
    Tattvacintāmaṇi: Phillips, S., Tatacharya, R. (ed., trans.). (2004). Gaṅgeśa’s Tattvacintāmaṇi: Jewel of Reflection on the Truth (About Epistemology), The Perception Chapter. New York: American Institute of Buddhist Studies.
    Tattvasaṃgraha(《攝真實論》): Shastri, S. D. (ed.). (1977). Tattvasaṅgraha of Ācārya Shāntarakṣita with the Commentary ‘Pañjikā’ of Shri Kamalashīla (two volumes, continuous pagination). Varanasi: Bauddha Bharati.

    3. 現代文獻
    何建興,2001,〈陳那論感官知覺及其對象〉,《正觀雜誌》,17,頁4-31。
    ---,2002a,〈陳那邏輯理論探析〉,《佛學研究中心學報》,7期,頁27-47。
    ---,2002b,〈佛教量論的宗教意義〉,《揭諦》第四期,35-60。
    林鎮國,2012,《空性與方法:跨文化佛教哲學十四論》,台北:政大出版社。
    姚治華,2006,〈論陳那的自證說〉,《現象學與人文科學》,3: 51-83。
    桂紹隆 著,肖平、楊金萍 譯,2011,《印度人的邏輯學--從問答法到歸納法》,北京:宗教文化出版社。
    陳一標,2007,〈唯識學「行相」(ākāra)之研究〉,《正觀雜誌》,43,頁5-21。
    陳雁姿,1999,《陳那觀所緣緣論之研究》,香港:志蓮淨苑文化部。
    Arnold, D. (2008). “Buddhist Idealism, Epistemic and Otherwise: Thoughts on the Alternating Perspectives of Dharmakīrti.” Sophia, 47: 1, 3-28.
    ---. (2010). “Self-Awareness (svasaṃvitti) and Related Doctrines of Buddhists Following Dignāga: Philosophical Characterizations of Some of the Main Issues.” Journal of Indian Philosophy, 38:323–378. DOI 10.1007/s10781-010-9095-7
    ---. (2012). Brains, Buddhas, and Believing: The Problem of Intentionality in Classical Buddhist and Cognitive-Scientific Philosophy of Mind. New York: Columbia University Press.
    Bandyopadhyay, N. (1979). “The Buddhist Theory of Relation Between Pramā and Pramāṇa: A Comparative Estimate in Relation to the Sāṁkhya-Yoga, the Advaita, the Mīmāṁsaka and the Jaina Theories.” Journal of Indian Philosophy, Vol. 7, No. 1, 43-78.
    Bernier, P. (2015). “Dignāga on Reflexive Awareness.” Philosophy East and West 65(1), 125-156. doi:10.1353/pew.2015.0015.
    Bhattacharya, J. V. (1978). Jayantabhaṭṭa’s Nyāya-mañjarī: The Compendium of Indian Speculative Logic (Vol-I). Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass.
    Bijalwan, C. D. (1977). Indian Theory of Knowledge Based Upon Jayanta`s Nyāyamañjarī. Heritage Publishers.
    Chadha, M. (2014). On Knowing Universals: The Nyāya Way. Philosophy East and West, 64(2), 287–302. http://www.jstor.org/stable/44135572
    Chakrabarti, A. (1975). “The Nyāya-Vaiśeṣika Theory Of Universals.” Journal of Indian Philosophy, 3(3/4), 363–382. http://www.jstor.org/stable/23436908
    ---. (1990). On the Purported Inseparability of Blue and the Awareness of Blue: An Examination of Sahopalambhaniyama. In D. Tulku (Ed.), Mind Only School and Buddhist Logic: A Collection of Seminar Papers (pp. 17–36). New Delhi: Tibet House and Aditya Prakashan.
    ---. (2020). Realisms Interlinked: Objects, Subjects, and Other Subjects. Bloomsbury Publishing Plc.
    Chatterjee, A. K. (1987). The Yogacara Idealism. Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass.
    Chatterjee, S. (1950). The Nyāya Theory of Knowledge: A Critical Study of Some Problems of Logic and Metaphysics (Second Edition). University of Calcutta.
    Chu, J. (2008). “On Dignāga`s Theory of the Object of Cognition as Presented in PS(V) 1.” Journal of the International Association of Buddhist Studies, 29: 2, 211-253.
    Cozort, D. (1998). Unique Tenets of the Middle Way Consequence School. Ithaca, NY: Snow Lion Publications.
    Dasti, M. (2012). “Parasitism and Disjunctivism in Nyāya Epistemology.” Philosophy East and West, Volume 62, Number 1, pp. 1-15.
    Dasti, M. & Phillips, S. (2017). The Nyāya-sūtra: Selections with Early Commentaries. Hackett Publishing Company.
    Dhammajoti, K. L. (2007). Ākāra and Direct Perception (Pratyakṣa). Pacific World: Journal of the Institute of Buddhist Studies, n.9 Third Series, 245-272.
    Dreyfus, G. (1997). Recognizing Reality, Dharmakirti`s Philosophy and Its Tibetan Interpretations. State University of New York Press.
    Duckworth, D., Eckel, M. D., Garfield, J. L., Powers, J., Thabkhas, Y., and Thakchöe, S. (2016). Dignāga`s Investigation of the Percept: A Philosophical Legacy in India and Tibet. Oxford University, New York.
    Dunne, J. (2004). Foundations of Dharmakīrti’s philosophy. Boston: Wisdom Publications.
    Flanagan, O. (1992). Consciousness Reconsidered. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
    Ganeri, J. (1999). “Self-intimation, Memory and Personal Identity.” Journal of Indian Philosophy, 27(5), 469–483. http://www.jstor.org/stable/23496383
    Garfield, J. L. (2006). “The Conventional Status of Reflexive Awareness: What’s at Stake in a Tibetan Debate.” Philosophy East and West 56: 201–228.
    ---. (2021). “Ten Moons: Consciousness and Intentionality in the Ālambanaparīkṣā and Its Commentaries.” Philosophy East and West, Volume 71, Number 2, pp. 309-325.
    Graheli, A. (2012). “A Preliminary List and Description of the Nyāyamañjarī Manuscripts.” Journal of Indian Philosophy 40, 317–337. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10781-012-9155-2
    Hattori, M. (1968). Dignāga on Perception: Being the Pratyakṣapariccheda of Dignāga`s Pramāṇasamuccaya from the Sanskrit Fragments and Tibetan Versions. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
    Hayes, R. P. (1988). Dignāga on the Interpretation of Signs. Dordrecht: Kluwer.
    Ho, C. H. (2007). “Consciousness and Self-awareness.” Asian Philosophy, 17:3, 213-230, DOI: 10.1080/09552360701625460
    Iwata, T. (1991). Sahopalambhaniyama: Struktur und Entwicklungen des Schlusses von der Tatsache, daß Erkenntnis und Gegenstand ausschließlich wahrgenommen werden, auf deren Nichtverschiedenheit. 2 vols. Stuttgart.
    Jha, V. N. (1995). Nyāyamañjarī of Jayantabhaṭṭa (āhnika-I). Delhi: Sri Satguru Publications.
    Kataoka, K. (2006a). “Jayanta`s Critique of Vijnaptimatrata: An Annotated Translation of the Vijnanadvaitavada Section of the Nyayamanjari.”哲學年報. 65, 39-85.
    ---. (2006b). “Bhaṭṭa Jayanta on the purpose of Nyāya.” South Asian classical studies, 1, 147-174.
    ---. (2013). “A Critical Edition of Bhatta Jayanta`s Nyayakalika (Part 1).” The Memoirs of Institute for Advanced Studies on Asia, 163, 236-184.
    ---. (2017). “A Critical Edition of the Khyāti Section of the Nyāyamañjarī: Bhaṭṭa Jayanta on Akhyāti and Viparītakhyāti.” The Memoirs of Institute for Advanced Studies on Asia, 171. 401-476.
    Kataoka, K., Watson, A. (2010). “Bhaṭṭa Jayanta’s Refutation of the Yogācāra Buddhist Doctrine of Vijñānavāda: Annotated Translation and Analysis.” South Asian Classical Studies, 5, 285–352.
    Katsura, S. (1984). “Dharmakīrti`s theory of truth.” Journal of Indian Philosophy 12, 215–235. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00186682
    ---. (2007). “How did the Buddhists prove something? ---The Nature of Buddhist Logic.” Special Issue: Essays Celebrating the Twentieth Anniversary of the Numata Chair in Buddhist Studies at the University of Calgary. Pacific World: Journal of the Institute of Buddhist Studies. Third Series, Number 9. 63-84.
    Kellner, B. (2010). “Self-awareness (svasaṃvedana) in Dignāga’s Pramāṇasamuccaya and -vṛtti: A close reading.” Journal of Indian Philosophy, 38, 203–231.
    ---. (2011a). “Self-awareness (svasaṃvedana) and infinite regresses: A comparison of arguments by Dignāga and Dharmakīrti.” Journal of Indian Philosophy, 39(4–5), 411–426.
    ---. (2011b). “Dharmakīrti’s Criticism of External Realism and the Sliding Scale of Analysis.” In Helmut Krasser, Horst Lasic, Eli Franco, Birgit Kellner (eds), Religion and Logic in Buddhist Philosophical Analysis. Proceedings of the Fourth International Dharmakīrti Conference. Vienna, August 23–27, 2005, pp. 291–298.
    ---. (2014). “Changing Frames in Buddhist Thought: The Concept of Ākāra in Abhidharma and in Buddhist Epistemological Analysis.” Journal of Indian Philosophy, 42:275–295. DOI 10.1007/s10781-013-9190-7
    ---. (2017). “Proofs of Idealism in Buddhist Epistemology: Dharmakīrti’s Refutation of External Objects,” in Indian Epistemology and Metaphysics, ed. J. Tuske. London, 102–128.
    Kriegel, U. (2019). “Dignāga’s Argument for the Awareness Principle: An Analytic Refinement.” Philosophy East and West, Volume 69, Number 1, 143-155. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1353/pew.2019.0003
    Kyuma, T. (2005). “On Dharmakirti`s Proof of the Existence of External Objects.” Journal of Indian and Buddhist Studies, Vol. 53, No. 2, 31-37.
    ---. (2010). “Sālikanātha’s Criticism of Dharmakirti’s svasaṃvedana Theory.” Journal of Indian Philosophy, 38: 247–259.
    Lin, C. K. (2009). “Object of Cognition in Dignāga’s Ālambanaparīkṣāvṛtti: On the Controversial Passages in Paramārtha’s and Xuanzang’s Translation.” Journal of the International Association of Buddhist Studies, 30.1: 117–138.
    Lo, K. C. (2018a). The Establishment of Self-awareness: An Annotated Translation of Pramāṇavārttika 3.425-484. Doctoral dissertation, Leipzig University, Philosophy.
    ---. (2018b). “On the Argument of Infinite Regress in Proving Self-awareness.” Journal of Indian Philosophy, 46, 553–576. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10781-018-9349-3
    ---. (2020). “Light as an Analogy for Cognition in the Vijñānavāda.” Journal of Indian Philosophy, 48, 1005–1018.
    MacKenzie, M. (2007). “The Illumination of Consciousness: Approaches to Self-awareness in the Indian and Western Traditions.” Philosophy East and West 57, no. 1:40–62.
    ---. (2008). Self-awareness without a Self: Buddhism and the Reflexivity of Awareness, Asian Philosophy, 18:3, 245-266, DOI: 10.1080/09552360802440025
    ---. (2012). “Luminosity, Subjectivity, and Temporality: An Examination of Buddhist and Advaita Views of Consciousness,” in Hindu and Buddhist Ideas in Dialogue: Self and No-Self, (C. Ram-Prasad and J. Ganeri), Ashgate, 159-174.
    ---. (2017). “Luminous Mind: Self-Luminosity versus Other-Luminosity in Indian Philosophy of Mind,” in The Bloomsbury Research Handbook to Indian Epistemology and Metaphysics (Joerg Tuske), Bloomsbury Academic, 335-353.
    Matilal, B. K. (1974). “A Critique of Buddhist Idealism,” in Buddhist Studies in Honour of I.B. Horner. (Cousins L., Kunst A., Norman K.R. [eds]), Springer, Dordrecht, 139-69. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-2242-2_13
    ---. (1975). “Causality in the Nyāya-Vaiśeṣika School.” Philosophy East and West, Vol. 25, No. 1, The Problems of Causation: East and West, pp. 41-48.
    ---. (1986). Perception: An Essay on Classical Indian Theories of Knowledge. Oxford University Press.
    Miyo, M. (2011). “grahākākara as pramāṇa: The Difference between Dignaga and Dharmakirti.” Journal of Indian and Buddhist Studies, Vol. 59, No. 3, 177-181.
    ---. (2017). “Niścaya as a Perceptual Function: Dharmakīrti’s Interpretation of Pramāṇasamuccaya 1.9b.” Journal of Indian and Buddhist Studies, Vol. 65, No. 3, 218-224.
    Mohanty, J. N. (1979). “Consciousness and Knowledge in Indian Philosophy.” Philosophy East and West, Vol. 29, No. 1, pp. 3-10.
    Nagel, T. (1974). “What Is It Like to Be a Bat?” The Philosophical Review, 83(4), pp. 435-450.
    Perrett, R. W. (2003). “Intentionality and Self–awareness.” Ratio, 16, 222–235.
    Phillips, S. H. (1987). “Dharmakirti on Sensation and Causal Efficiency.” Journal of Indian Philosophy, 15, 231-259.
    ---. (2012). Epistemology in Classical India: The Knowledge Sources of the Nyāya School. Routledge.
    Potter, K. (ed.). (1977). Encyclopedia of Indian Philosophies. Indian Metaphysics and Epistemology: The Tradition of Nyāya-Vaiśeṣika up to Gangeśa. xv, 744 pp. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press.
    Ram-Prasad, C. (2007). Indian Philosophy and the Consequences of Knowledge. London: Ashgate.
    Shastri, D. N. (1976). The Philosophy of Nyaya-Vaisesika and its Conflict with the Buddhist Dignaga School: Critique of Indian Realism. India: Bharatiya Vidya Prakashan.
    Shaw, J. (1996). “Cognition of Cognition Part I: Pandit Visvabandhu Tarkatīrtha Translated from Bengali with Explantory Notes.” Journal of Indian Philosophy, 24(2), 165–207. http://www.jstor.org/stable/23447816
    ---. (2002). “Causality: Sāmkhya, Bauddha And Nyāya.” Journal of Indian Philosophy, 30: 213-270.
    Siderits, M. (2007). Buddhism as a Philosophy. Aldershot: Ashgate Publishing.
    Sinha, J. (1934). Indian Psychology: Perception. Routledge, Trench, Trubner & Co.
    ---. (1938). Indian Realism. London: K. Paul, Trench, Trubner & Co.
    Taber, J. (2010). “Kumārila’s Buddhist.” Journal of Indian Philosophy, 38, 279–296.
    ---. (2020). “Philosophical Reflections on the sahopalambhaniyama Argument.” In Reverberations of Dharmakīrti`s Philosophy: Proceedings of the Fifth Dharmakīrti Conference Heidelberg, August 26 to 30, 2014. 441-462.
    Thompson, E. (2011). “Self-No-Self? Memory and Reflexive Awareness.” In Siderits, Thompson and Zahavi (ed.). Self, No Self?: Perspectives from Analytical, Phenomenological, and Indian Traditions. New York: Oxford University Press, 157-175.
    Vaidya, A. J. (2013). “Nyāya Perceptual Theory: Disjunctivism or Anti-Individualism?” Philosophy East and West, 63, 562-585.
    ---. (2020). “Multi-Factor Causal Disjunctivism: A Nyāya-Informed Account of Perceptual Disjunctivism.” Sophia 60, 917–940. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11841-020-00786-5
    Watson, A. (2014). “Light as an Analogy for Cognition in Buddhist Idealism (Vijñānavāda).” Journal of Indian Philosophy, 42, 401–421.
    Westerhoff, J. (2020). The Non-Existence of the Real World. Oxford University Press.
    Williams, P. (1998). The Reflexive Nature of Awareness: A Tibetan Madhyamaka Defence. Surrey: Curzon Press.
    Yao, Z. (2005). The Buddhist Theory of Self-cognition. London & New York: Routledge.
    描述: 碩士
    國立政治大學
    哲學系
    109154001
    資料來源: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0109154001
    資料類型: thesis
    DOI: 10.6814/NCCU202200881
    顯示於類別:[哲學系] 學位論文

    文件中的檔案:

    檔案 描述 大小格式瀏覽次數
    400101.pdf2964KbAdobe PDF2172檢視/開啟


    在政大典藏中所有的資料項目都受到原著作權保護.


    社群 sharing

    著作權政策宣告 Copyright Announcement
    1.本網站之數位內容為國立政治大學所收錄之機構典藏,無償提供學術研究與公眾教育等公益性使用,惟仍請適度,合理使用本網站之內容,以尊重著作權人之權益。商業上之利用,則請先取得著作權人之授權。
    The digital content of this website is part of National Chengchi University Institutional Repository. It provides free access to academic research and public education for non-commercial use. Please utilize it in a proper and reasonable manner and respect the rights of copyright owners. For commercial use, please obtain authorization from the copyright owner in advance.

    2.本網站之製作,已盡力防止侵害著作權人之權益,如仍發現本網站之數位內容有侵害著作權人權益情事者,請權利人通知本網站維護人員(nccur@nccu.edu.tw),維護人員將立即採取移除該數位著作等補救措施。
    NCCU Institutional Repository is made to protect the interests of copyright owners. If you believe that any material on the website infringes copyright, please contact our staff(nccur@nccu.edu.tw). We will remove the work from the repository and investigate your claim.
    DSpace Software Copyright © 2002-2004  MIT &  Hewlett-Packard  /   Enhanced by   NTU Library IR team Copyright ©   - 回饋