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    Title: 新住民男性在台就業之影響因素與挑戰
    Factors Influencing Employment of New Male Residents and Their Challenges in Taiwan
    Authors: 曾于杰
    Tseng, Yu-Chieh
    Contributors: 劉梅君
    曾于杰
    Tseng, Yu-Chieh
    Keywords: 新住民男性
    就業影響因素
    性別角色期待
    New Male Residents
    Factors influencing employment
    Gender role expectation
    Date: 2022
    Issue Date: 2022-03-01 17:42:03 (UTC+8)
    Abstract: 近年來我國新住民男性的人數有漸增趨勢，從過去寥寥無幾的零星個體，到現在已是占新住民總人數近一成的群體。而在台灣日益高齡化、少子化的社會中，新住民作為尚未完全運用之勞動力，本研究希望能夠跳脫過去常見以新住民女性、新二代視角出發的研究，聚焦於新住民男性的感受，進一步釐清其就業影響因素與挑戰。

    礙於當今的新住民男性在台研究匱乏，為更加深入、全面地了解新住民男性在台之勞動力運用概況，本研究將以跨國婚姻脈絡與現象的梳理做為開端，一步一步從性別角色的期待、就業影響、職涯發展，來拼湊出其在台就業完整樣貌。藉由文獻回顧以及12位新住民男性的深度訪談，研究結論如下：
    1.在台新住民男性多係源於自由戀愛下的婚姻關係，亦有脫貧考量。
    2.源於性別角色的期待，會為新住民男性帶來挫折與壓力，尤其可見於初期尋職困難，而無法實踐養家糊口責任者。
    3.新住民男性在台的就業影響茲分成：中文能力匱乏、尋職管道缺乏政府正式就業服務、與新住民社會支持團體連結感低、刻板印象、低劣勞動條件
    4.除了前述困境，亦不可忽略人格特質、專業能力、背景、語言能力等作為新住民男性在台就業市場的優勢，以及其多具創業之想法。

    呈上述的結論，給予以下建議：
    1.將社會支持觸及「男性」，拓展活動內容與培力課程。
    2.提供新住民「中文線上學習」以及「語言交流教室」，以更為彈性的時段及內容授課。
    3.政府與民間協力破除新住民刻板印象，打造友善的環境。
    4.透過宣導等方式讓新住民了解當地勞動法令與自身權益
    5.檢討「政府正式就業服務機構」的缺失，增加新住民男性使用的可近性。
    In recent years, the number of New Male Residents in Taiwan has been increasing. There were few of them here in the past, which became a group accounted for nearly 10% of the total New Residents in Taiwan. Besides, with the aging population and declining birthrate in Taiwan, the labor force of New Residents has not been fully utilized. In the light of this, instead of female and children, the study focuses on the experience of New Male Residents, and clarifies the factors of employment influence.

    Due to the lack of research on New Male Residents in Taiwan, to have a more in-depth and comprehensive understanding of the labor force utilization of them, the research will start with the analysis of transnational marriage. Then we will move on to the discussion of gender role expectation, the factors influencing employment and career development, to see the whole picture. Based on the literature review and in depth interview with 12 New Male Residents, the conclusions are as following:
    1. In Taiwan, the marriage relationship of New Male Residents mostly originated from autonomous. However, some will concern about poverty alleviation.
    2. Expectation stemming from gender roles will bring frustration and pressure to New Male Residents, especially for those who have difficulties finding jobs in the early stage, and are unable to fulfill the responsibility of supporting the families.
    3. The employment impact of New Male Residents in Taiwan can be divided into: the lack of Mandarin ability; lack of formal government employment services;
    low connection with New Residents social supporting groups, stereotypes; poor working conditions
    4. Besides the difficulties mentioned above, we could not ignore the advantages of New Male Residents in the Taiwan market of employment such as personality traits, professions, background and language abilities, as well as the entrepreneurial ideas.

    Based on the conclusions, the recommendations are as following:
    1. Bring social supports to “men” and diversify the content of activities and training courses.
    2. Provide "Chinese Online Courses" and "Language Exchange Classroom" for New Residents to learn with more flexible time and content.
    3. To break the stereotype of New Residents and create a friendly environment by the cooperation of government and the people.
    4. Let New Residents understand labor laws and their own rights by disseminating all related knowledge.
    5. Review the shortage of "Government Formal Employment Service Agency" and increase the accessibility for New Male Residents.
    Reference: 中文文獻
    一、專書
    潘淑滿(2013)，新移民社會工作實務手冊，高雄，巨流，頁4-6。
    蔡勇美、郭文雄(1984)，都市社會學，台北:巨流圖書，頁140。
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    成之約(2012)，高齡化社會與新移民人力資源運用的探討，就業安全半年刊，101年第1期，頁6。
    邱琡雯(2007)，“移民區病理vs.網絡集結點的衝突與克服: 以在台越南女性的店家為例，教育與社會研究，(13)，頁95-120。
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    鄭津津(2008)，大陸配偶與外籍配偶在台就業之問題與未來政策應有之發展，台灣法學雜誌，106，頁4、128、135-136。
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    三、碩博士論文
    吳美菁(2004)，東南亞外籍配偶在台的生活適應與人際關係之研究-以南投縣為例，未出版碩士論文，南華大學公共行政與政策研究所，嘉義縣，頁138-150。
    卓春英、吳秀照、陳宜珍、黃曉葳(2014)，103 年度外籍配偶照顧輔導基金補助研究計畫外籍及大陸配偶求職歷程及就業障礙探討，內政部入出國及移民署，頁57、65、67-70、88-92、95、116。
    林素妃(2011)，我國中南部新住民就業出生地歧視之研究:兼論美國原國籍歧視相關法制，頁47-59。
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    陳彥瑋(2010)，外籍配偶的主體性發展-台東市越南籍配偶的生活適應與社會網絡之分析，臺東大學區域政策與發展研究所學位論文，頁1-139。
    鄒瓊美(2018)，跨國婚姻中的婚姻適應-以泰籍先生與臺灣太太為例，臺灣師範大學華語文教學系學位論文，頁18。
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    趙含章(2016)，東南亞新住民女性使用公立就業服務機構資源之探究─ 以中部以北地區為例，東海大學社會工作研究所學位論文，頁133-134、139-140。
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    四、研究報告
    內政部(2015)，外籍配偶社會網絡之研究，外籍配偶照顧輔導基金補助研究報告。
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    郭淑芬(2010)，台灣六縣市地區未出外工作外籍配偶婦女就業與學習之問題與需求調查，內政部外籍配偶照顧輔導基金補助研究報告，頁26-39。
    楊文山、林佳瑩、成之約、馬藹萱等(2014)，102 年外籍與大陸配偶生活需求調查，台北市：內政部入出國及移民署，頁202-203。
    楊文山、林佳瑩、楊雅惠、彭佳玲等(2020)，107年新住民生活需求調查報告，內政部移民署，頁89-90、111-112、152-154、159-161、407。
    衛生福利部(2020)，108年15-64歲婦女生活狀況調查報告。

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    網路資料
    Human Capital – The Value of People: https://www.oecd.org/insights/37967294.pdf
    Recent labour market trends and integration policies in OECD countries, p.97
    中華民國內政部移民署全球資訊網：外籍配偶人數與大陸(含港澳)配偶人數按證件分https://www.immigration.gov.tw/5385/7344/7350/8887/?alias=settledown (最後查閱日期：2021年9月16日)
    內政部移民署統計資料：https://www.immigration.gov.tw/5382/5385/7344/7350/8887/ (最後查閱日期：2021年9月16日)
    內政部戶政司全球資訊網：https://www.ris.gov.tw/app/portal/346 (最後查閱日期：2021年9月16日)
    用數字看東南亞新移民（下）：他們都靠婚姻仲介來台？錯，自由戀愛也不少：https://www.thenewslens.com/article/114478
    行政院主計總處-勞動統計查詢網：https://statdb.mol.gov.tw/statis/jspProxy.aspx?sys=220&ym=10400&ymt=10800&kind=21&type=1&funid=q02031&cycle=4&outmode=0&&compmode=0&outkind=11&fldlst=111&rdm=lLf4iXey (最後瀏覽日期：2020年7月7日)
    Description: 碩士
    國立政治大學
    勞工研究所
    108262018
    Source URI: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0108262018
    Data Type: thesis
    DOI: 10.6814/NCCU202200202
    Appears in Collections:[Graduate Institute of Labor Research] Theses

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