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    Title: 中華民國海軍國造軍艦後續委修策略研究-以油彈補給艦為例
    A Research of R. O. C. Navy’s Follow-on Outsourcing Maintenance Strategy for its Indigenous Naval Ship Building Project–A Case Study of the Ammunition, Oiler and Equipment Ship
    Authors: 蔡崴勝
    Tsai, Wei-Sheng
    Contributors: 蒲澤春
    Pu, Tse-Chun
    蔡崴勝
    Tsai, Wei-Sheng
    Keywords: 委外維修
    裝備妥善率
    SWOT分析
    深度訪談
    策略規劃
    Outsourcing maintenance
    Equipment availabilities
    SWOT analysis
    In-depth interview
    Strategic planning
    Date: 2022
    Issue Date: 2022-02-10 13:15:16 (UTC+8)
    Abstract: 中華民國是一典型的海洋國家,位於太平洋西岸,四面環海,且坐落於第一島鏈中央位置,故維持我海上生命線對國家安全更顯重要。維護海防的重要關鍵在於海軍軍艦的妥善率,一艘軍艦從成軍服勤到除役,至少要歷經30 年以上的生命週期,透過有效的正常操作、保養、維修,維持裝備妥善率,讓軍艦武器及裝備有效發揮性能,才能擔負起捍衛臺灣周遭海域安全。隨著中共持續提高其國防預算,高度軍事威脅下,更讓我國國防安全面臨嚴峻之挑戰。每當我國預劃籌獲對外軍購艦、艇時,中共總會百般阻撓,因此,必須加速推動「國艦國造」,除能帶動國內具產能的國內廠商、民間造船廠投入國防產業供應鏈,厚植國防自主實力外,也能貫徹我國自主防衛的決心。在國軍歷經精實、精進、精粹案後,海軍後勤維修人力較以往更精簡,我國應借重美國海軍推行委外維修成功之經驗推行整艦委外維修,除可降低我國海軍內部維修廠人力負荷、提升維修品質外,也能維持艦、艇妥善率。
    本研究首蒐整軍艦自製與合作船廠能量探討、軍艦維修等相關文獻,分析我國軍艦自製起源、流程、成果,並環顧國內民間造船廠建造軍艦能量;再整理有關軍艦建造的品質管理、維修層級區分、委修等文獻,並予以分析,亦整理對於SWOT(優勢、劣勢、機會、威脅)分析我海軍艦、船現行維修策略。本研究使用文獻分析法、深入訪談法等研究方法,藉由訪談接艦或長期於艦、船建造、維修層面具豐富經驗之專家、軍方監造管理者、海軍內部維修廠管理者、民間造船業者等,分享其實務經驗與不同立場看法後,再進行資料分析。本研究敘述我國軍艦策略性委修、整體委修等不同委修方式差異,從軍艦委修歷史演進,說明推行軍艦整體委修之複雜性,應用SWOT分析,盤點軍、民雙方在現行及策略性(非核心工項)、整艦三種不同的委外維修方式,其環境內外部優勢、劣勢、威脅與機會因子。同時,將深度訪談運用渠等之寶貴經驗,構建出我海軍國造軍艦後續委外維修的未來可行之策略建議。
    本研究成果:在委修初步策略規劃方面,確立委外維修政策、精進物料籌補、加強合約訂、管等三方面精進,其中要改善合約制訂、督管專業度不足的問題,首重人員的培訓,應分成初階、進階班次施訓,並且採取多管道培育採購、監造、品管、主計及專案管理等專業人才;在未來委修可行策略規劃方面,則可藉由導入專案管理,應用於合約訂管、完善專責合約管理組織之編裝、由原造船母廠執行「非機密、非專業、非核心」工項之委修、建置艦、船生命週期成本估算資料庫、成立船舶造、修行業之策略、物流聯盟、再朝向軍艦製造、整艦委母廠維修等六方面推展,達到密切結合軍、民資源之「國艦國造」目標。本研究希望對海軍艦、船委修策略做出貢獻,期盼我國未來對「國艦國造」領域,能持續「有計畫、有系統、按部就班、循序漸進」的邁進,尤其在艦、船委修方面,必須做更長遠的投資與規劃,才能真正落實整艦委修之目標。
    The Republic of China (Taiwan) is an oceanic country located in the western Pacific Ocean and centrally situated in the first island chain. Keeping the sea lane open is critical to our national security. One of the crucial factors to maintain our maritime security lies on the availability of our naval ships. A naval warship takes on average 30 years as a life cycle from being commissioned to decommissioned. It is only through normal operations, maintenance, reparations and upholding of equipment availabilities, which leads to high and efficient performance of these warships and equipment, that we can make Taiwan’s adjacent seas well secured. With the rise of PLA’s defense budget and intensive military threats, our national security is facing a more challenging phase. In this case, if R.O.C. Navy aims to effectively defend our sovereignty, warship acquirements should not only rely on Foreign Military Sales (FMS). Besides, it would commonly be the case that PRC government attempts to intervene when there is an act to acquire naval facilities by way of FMS. As a result, accelerating the domestic naval ship manufacturing is one of our government’s long-term administrative objectives. By doing this, our domestic productive enterprises and shipyards are allowed to dedicate themselves to the supply chain of defense industry, which will not only enhance the self-reliant defense but also fulfill our determination for it. After several phases of a military streamlining project such as the Jingci, Jingtray, and Jingtsui Programs, the R.O.C. Navy has downsized the personnel number in its logistics. Meanwhile, on the other hand, Taiwan should also take success of the outsourcing reparation mechanism of the US Navy as an example and mirror it to our Navy. The outsourcing of whole facilities’ maintenance could not only reduce naval shipyard mechanicals and enhance the maintenance but also maintain ships’ availability.
    Our study starts with a data collection about the capability from warship self-construction and cooperative shipyards in private sectors, and ship maintenances. In addition, the documents of analyses the origin of the domestic naval ship manufacture, its process and then its present achievement are collected. In the meantime, we also lay an overall view on our domestic private sector shipyards’ competences. Then, documents of the quality management, maintenance hierarchization level and the precedent outsourcing cases will be collected and analyzed. Each reflection will be taken into consideration of SWOT (Strengths Weaknesses Opportunities Threats) analysis regarding R.O.C. Navy’s current reparation mechanism for its ships. The methodologies applied to our study will be document analysis and the in-depth interview. By interviewing crew who once received the ships of FMS, experienced senior experts of ship construction and maintenance, military maintenance supervisors, commanding ranks in the Navy’s maintenance infrastructure or private sector shipyards, an analysis and summarization will be conducted from their practical experiences and viewpoints of different professional perspectives. This study aims to structure a framework comprising different levels of outsourcing maintenance like the strategic outsourcing, whole outsourcing and others in order to give it an in-depth elaboration. By analyzing how the outsourcing maintenance has been carried out along its history, we will talk about its complexity. By utilizing the SWOT analysis, a list of all the three types of outsourcing maintenance (current, strategic and whole) between the Navy and the private sectors will be illustrated from which we will attempt to infer the superiorities, inferiorities, threats and opportunity from both internal and external environments. Simultaneously, the precious experiences obtained from the in-depth interview will be taken into consideration for the purpose of bringing up strategic advice to the conductible follow-on outsourcing maintenance in R.O.C. Navy in the future.
    Conclusion: at the initial strategic arrangement three levels of mechanisms should be set up: (1) ensuring the outsourcing policy (2) augmenting part readiness (3) enhancing the contract formulation and its management, among which some factors should be focused like the contract formulating amelioration, supervision over the lack of professionalism and the emphasis on technician training that should be divided into beginner and advanced levels through both of which talented personnel including procurement, supervision, quality control and project management are trained. At the conductible follow-on strategic arrangement, six dimensions of mechanisms could be established: (1) applying project management theories to contract management (2) fulfilling a hierarchic infrastructure for the contract management unit (3) setting up a whole outsourcing maintenance from the original shipyard based on a non-confidential, non-professional and non-central availability basis (4) establishing databases for cost of a ship’s lifespan (5) attempting to establish a strategic, and logistic alliance in the shipbuilding and maintenance industry. (6) aiming towards maintaining the shipbuilding and their availability by the fabrication of origin. These mechanisms are to respond to the core of Indigenous Shipbuilding Program which aims to merge sources from both military and civilian private sectors. With this study, we uphold an expectation to bring contribution to R.O.C. Navy’s outsourcing strategy and look forward to a planned, systematic, gradual and development in our Indigenous Shipbuilding Program, especially in respect to the ship outsourcing maintenance which should be provided with a longer and further investment and planning in order to fulfill the whole ship outsourcing maintenance.
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    Description: 碩士
    國立政治大學
    行政管理碩士學程
    109921317
    Source URI: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0109921317
    Data Type: thesis
    DOI: 10.6814/NCCU202200072
    Appears in Collections:[行政管理碩士學程(MEPA)] 學位論文

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