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    政大機構典藏 > 法學院 > 法律學系 > 期刊論文 >  Item 140.119/133209


    Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/133209


    Title: 以歐盟規範與實踐論電信業價格擠壓的管制
    The Application of EU Regulations and Practices on Margin Squeezing in the Telecommunications Sector
    Authors: 魏杏芳
    Wei, Hsin-Fang
    Contributors: 法律系
    Keywords: 價格擠壓;架構指令;指導文件;市場主導者;市場界定;用戶迴路;寬頻接取
    margin squeeze;framework directive;guidance paper;dominant operator;market definition;local loop;broadband access
    Date: 2014-10
    Issue Date: 2020-12-22 09:43:01 (UTC+8)
    Abstract: 垂直整合事業供給的產品或服務是生產下游產品的必要投入，而該垂直整合事業於投入供給的上游市場享有主導地位，卻採取使下游市場競爭者無利可圖的定價策略，以達到最終將競爭對手逐出下游市場的目的，此即所謂價格擠壓。這是電信主導事業常見的濫用市場力行為。歐盟電信自由化之後，仍有既存主導事業繼續維持其市場力於不墜，電信法規的「事前」管制手段，尚難有效處理主導事業的排他定價行為，故積極於電信法領域導入競爭法原理原則，並強化與改善競爭法的「事後」執行模式。近年歐盟於電信業適用競爭法，已明確由概念或形式分析轉向系統性的經濟分析，重視價格擠壓是否造成市場封鎖，並損害傷害消費者利益，並發布「指導文件」對外詳予闡明。我國電信業開放競爭的政策方向與歐盟一致，但公平法於電信業的管制作用相較於歐盟薄弱甚多，參考歐盟電信法規與實務，公平會可在「市場主導者」、市場界定與加強競爭法執行等三個方向，採取積極的作為，有助於我國電信競爭環境的健全與發展。
    A margin squeeze occurs when a vertically-integrated company which is dominant in the supply of an indispensible upstream input market pursues a pricing policy with the intention of preventing downstream competitors from trading profitably, thereby leading to their ultimate exclusion from the downstream market. We can often see this type of price abuse which an incumbent dominant operator implements in the telecommunications market. Even after the liberalization of the telecommunications market in the EU, many incumbents continued to maintain their dominant positions in the markets and it is thus insufficient to address the exclusive pricing of these dominant enterprises by way of ex ante regulations. The intensive introduction of competition law to the sector-specific regulations and aggressive ex post enforcement by the competition authority have been the EU`s response to this situation. The model for competition analysis in relation to cases involving margin squeezing has been significantly changed. The EU Commission has transformed its format-based analysis into a systematic economic assessment. For exclusive pricing conduct including margin squeezes, the Commission has placed emphasis on the effects of market foreclosure and thereby the detriment to consumers` interests. Based on its practical experiences in the past, an explanatory document referred to as a “guidance paper” has been published by the Commission for public reference.The policy and trend regarding the liberalization of the telecommunications sector in Taiwan is quite similar to that in the EU, whereas the vigorousness of competition law enforcement is relatively insufficient in Taiwan. In learning from the EU`s regulations and practices on margin squeezes, and for the purpose of fostering effective competition in the telecommunications market in Taiwan, our competition authority, the Fair Trade Commission, should, among other things, take the initiative in the following three areas: it should update the definition of a dominant operator, it should establish a more delicate method for defining a market, and it should strengthen the powers in relation to competition law enforcement.
    Relation: 公平交易季刊, 22:4, 1-32
    Data Type: article
    Appears in Collections:[法律學系] 期刊論文

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