English  |  正體中文  |  简体中文  |  Post-Print筆數 : 27 |  Items with full text/Total items : 113656/144643 (79%)
Visitors : 51729605      Online Users : 655
RC Version 6.0 © Powered By DSPACE, MIT. Enhanced by NTU Library IR team.
Scope Tips:
  • please add "double quotation mark" for query phrases to get precise results
  • please goto advance search for comprehansive author search
    •  Adv. Search
    Home ‧ Login ‧ Upload ‧ Help ‧ About ‧ Administer Goto mobile version


    Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/127338


    Title: 近代化願景與概念的形成－試論近代日本新「文明」概念的意義建構與內涵
    The Formation of Modern Vision and Concepts: A Discussion on the Construction and Connotations of New ＂Civilization＂ in Modern Japan
    Authors: 陳瑋芬
    Contributors: 東亞觀念史集刊
    Keywords: 文明;文化;明治日本;現代性;文與體
    Date: 2016-12
    Issue Date: 2019-11-20 15:52:51 (UTC+8)
    Abstract: 「文明」是漢語古典文獻便已出現的語彙， 意指「『文』之『明』」，即文教昌明、發達，隱喻著對三代的嚮慕。來到十九世紀中葉以降，「文明」成為西文＂civilization＂的譯語，此後則複合了後者帶有進化論意義的意涵，意指一種臻於發達的，已經確立的社會秩序或生活方式，並與＂savagery＂（未開化），＂barbarism＂（野蠻）形成對比。「文明」與＂civilization＂之對譯關係的成立，恰好是西方帝國主義蓬勃發展的時期。列強常以＂civilization＂來描述自己所達到的物質水平，並將之擴為具備普遍性的衡量基準，來認識和檢視世界其他國家。明治維新之短短十數年間所達成的現代化樣態，一般以「文明開化」來描述之。這個現代化體驗的過程不僅迅速得令人稱奇，也很可能是世界史上絕無僅有的珍奇體驗－因為在推動此一文明開化的力量之中，除了源自於日本人自身，外國人的力量也佔了極重要的地位。換言之，此文明開化的推手至少包括了啟蒙知識分子、旅外使節及留學生、以及由政府或民間由國外所聘僱的大批技術專家及教育者（日語以「御雇外國人」稱之）。他們特別留心於西方＂civilization＂概念所含括的事項及實質內涵，並試圖譯介到日本。本文透過幕末明治期的漢字辭典及雙語辭典、福澤諭吉的著作，以及岩倉具視使節團的文字和圖像紀錄，來探討他們如何表述西方＂civilization＂所象徵的各種面向、歸納「文明」概念所應含括的事項，並從中描摹出日本近代化願景。
    Wenming 文明is a term used in Chinese classics, meaning ＂brightness＂ (ming 明) of ＂culture＂ (wen 文), namely well-developed culture and education. It also connotes the yearning for the Three Dynasties. Not until the mid-nineteenth century did ＂wenming＂ become the Chinese translation of the western term ＂civilization.＂ Since then, the meaning of ＂wenming＂ has included the connotation of evolutionism from the received etymology of ＂civilization,＂ suggesting a well-structured social order and living style, which sharply contrasts with ＂savagery＂ and ＂barbarism.＂ The full development of Western imperialism in Asia led to the formation of the corresponding translation between ＂wenming＂ and ＂civilization.＂ Western great powers often used ＂civilization＂ as a description for the degree of their material life and thus regarded it as a universal criteria for evaluating other countries. The achievement of modernization established in the Meiji Restoration of Japan was called ＂Civilization and Enlightenment Movement＂ (wenming kaihua). The process of modernization went amazingly fast-possibly a unique experience in world history. Both Japanese and foreigners played important roles in promoting Japan`s civilization. This group of people included Japanese intellectuals, overseas ambassadors and students, and the foreign technological specialists and educators hired by the government and non-government organizations in Japan (they were called oyatoi gaikokujin in Japanese). They not only paid particular attention to the connotations and content of ＂civilization＂ through translation but also tried to introduce them to Japan. By analyzing the bilingual and Chinese dictionaries in the late Tokugawa period and Meiji period, Fukuzawa Yukichi`s works, and the text and images of the Iwakura Embassy, this article explores how ＂civilization＂ was symbolically presented in various aspects. Through the generalization of how the idea of ＂wenming＂ was circulated, this article portrays an alternative vision of Japan`s modernization.
    Relation: 東亞觀念史集刊, 11, 225-270
    Data Type: article
    Appears in Collections:[東亞觀念史集刊] 期刊論文

    Files in This Item:

    File Description SizeFormat
    index.html0KbHTML2432View/Open


    All items in 政大典藏 are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved.


    社群 sharing

    著作權政策宣告 Copyright Announcement
    1.本網站之數位內容為國立政治大學所收錄之機構典藏，無償提供學術研究與公眾教育等公益性使用，惟仍請適度，合理使用本網站之內容，以尊重著作權人之權益。商業上之利用，則請先取得著作權人之授權。
    The digital content of this website is part of National Chengchi University Institutional Repository. It provides free access to academic research and public education for non-commercial use. Please utilize it in a proper and reasonable manner and respect the rights of copyright owners. For commercial use, please obtain authorization from the copyright owner in advance.

    2.本網站之製作，已盡力防止侵害著作權人之權益，如仍發現本網站之數位內容有侵害著作權人權益情事者，請權利人通知本網站維護人員(nccur@nccu.edu.tw)，維護人員將立即採取移除該數位著作等補救措施。
    NCCU Institutional Repository is made to protect the interests of copyright owners. If you believe that any material on the website infringes copyright, please contact our staff(nccur@nccu.edu.tw). We will remove the work from the repository and investigate your claim.
    DSpace Software Copyright © 2002-2004  MIT &  Hewlett-Packard  /   Enhanced by   NTU Library IR team Copyright ©   - Feedback