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| Title: | 結合背景影響與群眾參與之社群事件規模及其應用
Social Event Magnitudes via Background Influences and Engagement Capacities and its Applications |
| Authors: | 劉奎谷
Liu, Kwei-Guu |
| Contributors: | 劉吉軒
Liu, Jyi-Shane
劉奎谷
Liu, Kwei-Guu |
| Keywords: | 事件偵測
非回溯矩陣
社群參與
譜演算法
Online event detection
Engagement capacities
Non-backtracking matrix
Spectral algorithms |
| Date: | 2019 |
| Issue Date: | 2019-03-04 21:42:56 (UTC+8) |
| Abstract: | 了解社群事件爆發(例如，阿拉伯之春)已是社群計算領域中受到廣泛重視的研究分支之一，因為除了社群事件偵測的相關應用多元之外，其亦與資訊擴散相關研究有著密切關係。社群事件的發生可從兩個角度來觀察: 一為資訊的異常變化(例如，關鍵文字於短時間內的暴增) 、二為活動的人氣高低(例如，資訊分享) 。事件偵測演算法通常針對前者中的異常變化進行設計，而社群事件強度則是透過統計方法針對分享的人氣高低提供一測度。換言之，社群事件強度提供了人們一個較為直覺的數值表達方式，藉由該數可易於瞭解事件在某個時空下的程度。然而，與事件偵測演算法相較下，社群事件強度於應用上有其劣勢: 一為其仰賴轉發數據、二為不易整合資訊進行估測。
因此，本研究受事件偵測演算設計的啟發，提出了另一測度的表達方式，謂之為社群事件規模。社群事件規模的計算概念為某一時段內背景影響與群眾參與的乘值；背景影響值的抽取乃是應用非回溯矩陣從文字資訊中取出，而群眾參與的計算則是將網絡結構轉化為社群參與值(亦為Ordered Shapley Value)而得出。因此，社群事件規模的優勢，如事件偵測演算一樣，可整合資訊，且如社群事件強度一樣，可提供一個了解社群事件程度的概念性數字。此外，社群事件規模的計算也提供了另一資訊整合方式，有別於常用的相似度整合資訊的方法。
另，本研究示範如何將社群事件規模應用在非特定事件與特定事件的動態偵測。於非特定事件動態偵測實驗，本研究發現社群事件規模呈現長尾分佈，而此分佈常見於社會活動現象。此外，因社群事件規模為一數值，故可提供簡便的視覺呈現來了解事件程度的動態變化。於特定事件偵測實驗方面，社群事件規模亦可有效率地偵測出指定事件。
Detecting outbreaks of social events (e.g., Arab Spring) has been an active research area in social computing, because of its close relationship to the research of information diffusion. Outbreaks of social events can be viewed from two angles: 1. anomalous changes of information (e.g., an influx of text), and 2. popular actions (e.g., retweets). Event detection algorithms focus on extracting anomalous information, while popular actions are measured by estimating social event intensity, which is a rate to show how popular an action is in a social network during a short period. The rate is relatively intuitive and gives a holistic view about activity levels in a network, but it has a few disadvantages. First, its estimation cannot work without the information about numbers of shares. Second, the estimation isn’t easy. Inspired by event detection algorithms, this study proposes an alternative measure using the product of background influence and cooperation value in a fixed time interval, and it is called social event magnitude. Background influence is extracted from text via non-backtracking matrices, and cooperation value is obtained via social engagement capacities, a modified version of Shapley value. The proposed alternative gives a holistic view about activity levels in a network. The construction of proposed alternative shows another way to integrate multiple sources of information for event detection. We demonstrated social event magnitude on specified and unspecified online event detections. In the specified detection, the alternative has a better performance in precision-recall evaluation. In the unspecified detection, social event magnitudes follow a long-tailed distribution. Furthermore, social event magnitudes can be visualized for changing levels of activities. |
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| Description: | 碩士
國立政治大學
資訊科學系
105753030 |
| Source URI: | http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0105753030 |
| Data Type: | thesis |
| DOI: | 10.6814/THE.NCCU.CS.006.2019.B02 |
| Appears in Collections: | [資訊科學系] 學位論文
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