Loading...
|
Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item:
https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/119965
|
| Title: | 個人價值觀與社會創業警覺力：一個調節式中介效果模型的驗證
Personal Values and Social Entrepreneurial Alertness: A Moderated Mediation Model |
| Authors: | 游銘仁
Yu, Ming-Jen |
| Contributors: | 吳靜吉
Wu, Jing-Jyi
游銘仁
Yu, Ming-Jen |
| Keywords: | 社會創業警覺力
個人價值觀
利社會動機
觀點取替
Social entrepreneurial alertness
Personal values
Prosocial motivation
Perspective taking |
| Date: | 2018 |
| Issue Date: | 2018-09-03 16:01:43 (UTC+8) |
| Abstract: | 儘管創業警覺力的概念在一般創業研究中已受到廣泛重視，但在以往研究中，較少有研究從社會創業的角度探討創業警覺力。因此，本研究延續過去的研究，把創業警覺力的概念延伸至社會創業脈絡中進行研究。本研究採用問卷調查法，以196位職場人士(樣本一)與193位大學生(樣本二)為研究對象，探討個人價值觀、利社會動機與社會創業警覺力的關係，並檢視利社會動機的中介角色以及觀點取替的調節式中介效果。研究結果顯示，在職場人士樣本中，自我超越價值觀會正向影響社會創業警覺力，但在大學生樣本中，自我超越和自我提升價值觀都會正向影響社會創業警覺力。此外，兩個樣本的結果均顯示，自我超越價值觀會正向影響愉悅型和壓力型利社會動機，且壓力型利社會動機不僅會影響社會創業警覺力，也在自我超越價值觀與社會創業警覺力的關係中扮演重要的中介角色。另一方面，在職場人士樣本中，觀點取替會調節自我提升價值觀透過壓力型利社會動機影響社會創業警覺力的中介關係，但在大學生的樣本中，觀點取替則是會調節自我超越值觀透過壓力型利社會動機影響社會創業警覺力的中介關係。本研究貢獻除了延續以社會創業的角度研究創業警覺力之外，最重要的是建構一個社會創業警覺力過程的理論模式。最後，本研究之研究結果，可以提供大學甚至中小學有關社會創業教育課程設計和教學方法之參考。
Though the importance of entrepreneurial alertness is acknowledged within the entrepreneurship literature, researchers have yet to fully explore its role in the context of social entrepreneurship. To address this gap, this study expanded existing research by investigating the relationship between personal values and social entrepreneurial alertness, the possible mediating effect of prosocial motivation on this relationship, and how this mechanism may be contingent on perspective taking. This study examines survey data from two samples, the first consisting of 196 employees from two companies and the second including 193 undergraduate students from three universities in Taiwan. The results show that self-transcendence has positive effects on social entrepreneurial alertness in both samples 1 and 2, however, self-enhancement has positive effects on social entrepreneurial alertness solely in sample 2. Across both samples, results indicate that self-transcendence positively affects pleasure- and pressure- based prosocial motivation respectively, and pressure-based prosocial motivation not only positively affects social entrepreneurial alertness but also mediates the relationship between self-transcendence and social entrepreneurial alertness. In addition, the results of tests for moderated mediation show that perspective taking moderates the mediating effect of pressure-based prosocial motivation on the relationship between self-enhancement and social entrepreneurial alertness in sample 1, while in sample 2, perspective taking moderates the mediating effect of pressure based prosocial motivation on the relationship between self-transcendence and social entrepreneurial alertness. Overall, this study contributes to the literature by providing a theoretical model for social entrepreneurial alertness with potential practical implications for social entrepreneurship education. |
| Reference: | 壹、中文部分
方杰、張敏強、顧紅磊、梁東梅 (2014)。基于不對稱區間估計的有調節的中介模型檢驗。心理科學進展，22(10)，1660-1668。
林鉦棽、彭台光 (2012)。組織研究的中介檢測：緣起、爭議、研究設計和分析。管理學報，29(4)，333-354。
林麗雪(譯) (2018)。三零世界：翻轉厭世代，看見未來，零貧窮、零失業、零淨碳排放的新經濟解方(原作者：M. Yunus, 2017)。臺北市：大塊文化。
社企流 (2014)。社企力!：社會企業＝翻轉世界的變革力量。用愛創業，做好事又能獲利！。臺北市：果力文化。
洪鑫(譯) (2007)。尤努斯與鄉村銀行：創造免於貧窮的世界(原作者：Dowla, A. & Barua, D., 2006)。臺北市：寶鼎文化。
張偉豪 (2011)。論文寫作SEM 不求人。高雄市：三星統計。
陳瑞、鄭毓煌、劉文靜 (2013)。中介效應分析：原理、進程、Bootstrap方法及其應用。營銷科學學報，9(4)，120-135。
彭台光、高月慈、林鉦棽 (2006)。管理研究中的共同方法變異：問題本質、影響、測試和補救。管理學報，23(1)，77-98。
曾育慧(譯) (2007)。窮人的銀行家(原作者：Yunus, M. & Jolis, A., 1997)。新北市：聯經。
游銘仁、吳靜吉 (2016)。利社會動機與社會創業警覺力：觀點取替與內在動機之調節式中介模型。科技管理學刊，21(3)，53-80。
謝如梅、劉常勇 (2009)。創新機會辨識：創業警覺能力、先前知識與資訊獲取之關聯性研究。組織與管理，2(2)，77-108。
溫忠麟、葉寶娟 (2014)。中介效應分析：方法和模型發展。心理科學進展，22(5)，731-745。
劉常勇、謝如梅 (2017)。創業學：創業家、機會與環境視角。臺北市：智勝文化。
謝如梅、劉常勇、方世杰 (2013)。誰能辨識創業機會知識、網絡、意圖與創業警覺能力之關聯性實證研究。科技管理學刊，18(1)，1-26。
貳、英文部分
Abu-Saifan, S. (2012). Social entrepreneurship: Definition and boundaries. Technology Innovation Management Review, February 2012, 22-27.
Ardichvili, A., Cardozo, R., & Ray, S. (2003). A theory of entrepreneurial opportunity identification and development. Journal of Business Venturing, 18(1), 105-123. doi: 10.1016/s0883-9026(01)00068-4
Bacq, S., & Alt, E. (2018). Feeling capable and valued: A prosocial perspective on the link between empathy and social entrepreneurial intentions. Journal of Business Venturing, 33(3), 333-350. doi: 10.1016/j.jbusvent.2018.01.004
Bardi, A., & Schwartz, S. H. (2003). Values and behavior: Strength and structure of relations. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 29(10), 1207-1220. doi: 10.1177/0146167203254602
Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1986). The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51(6), 1173-1182. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.51.6.1173
Batson, C. D. (1987). Prosocial motivation: Is it ever truly altruistic? In B. Leonard (Ed.), Advances in Experimental Social Psychology: New York, NY: Academic Press.
Batson, C. D. (1989). Personal values, moral principles, and a three-path model of prosocial motivation. In N. Eisenberg, J. Reykowski, & E. Staub (Eds.), Social and Moral Values. Hillsdale, N.J: Erlbaum Associates.
Batson, C. D. (2010). Empathy-induced altruistic motivation. In M. M. P. R. Shaver (Ed.), Prosocial Motives, Emotions, and Behavior: The Better Angels of Our Nature. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
Batson, C. D., Ahmad, N., Powell, A. A., & Stocks, E. L. (2008). Prosocial motivation. In J. Y. Shah & W. L. Gardner (Eds.), Handbook of Motivational Science. New York, NY: Guilford.
Batson, C. D., Ahmad, N., & Stocks, E. L. (2011). Four forms of prosocial motivation: Egoism, altruism, collectivism, and principlism. In D. Dunning (Ed.), Social Motivation. New York, NY: Psychology Press.
Battilana, J., & Lee, M. (2014). Advancing research on hybrid organizing – Insights from the study of social enterprises. Academy of Management Annals, 8(1), 397-441. doi: 10.1080/19416520.2014.893615
Beugré, C. (2016). Social Entrepreneurship: Managing the Creation of Social Value. New York: NY, Routledge
Bollen, K. A., & Stine, R. (1990). Direct and indirect effects: Classical and bootstrap estimates of variability. Sociological Methodology, 20, 115-140. doi: 10.2307/271084
Bornstein, D. (2004). How to Change the World: Social Entrepreneurs and the Power of New Ideas. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
Bosch, D. (2013). A Comparison of Commercial and Social Entrepreneurial Intent: The Impact of Personal Values (Doctoral dissertation). Available from ProQuest Dissertations & Theses A&I.
Brislin, R. W. (1970). Back-translation for cross-cultural research. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 1(3), 185-216. doi: doi:10.1177/135910457000100301
Busenitz, L. W. (1996). Research on entrepreneurial alertness - Sampling, measurement, and theoretical issues. Journal of Small Business Management, 34(4), 35-44.
Cheung, G. W., & Rensvold, R. B. (2002). Evaluating goodness-of-fit indexes for testing measurement invariance. Structural Equation Modeling, 9(2), 233-255. doi: 10.1207/s15328007sem0902_5
Choi, N., & Majumdar, S. (2014). Social entrepreneurship as an essentially contested concept: Opening a new avenue for systematic future research. Journal of Business Venturing, 29(3), 363-376. doi: 10.1016/j.jbusvent.2013.05.001
Coke, J. S., Batson, C. D., & McDavis, K. (1978). Empathic mediation of helping: A two-stage model. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 36(7), 752-766. doi: 10.1037//0022-3514.36.7.752
Collins, C. J., Hanges, P. J., & Locke, E. A. (2004). The relationship of achievement motivation to entrepreneurial behavior: A meta-analysis. Human Performance, 17(1), 95-117. doi: 10.1207/S15327043HUP1701_5
Conger, M. (2012). The role of personal values in social entrepreneurship. In J. Kickul & S. Bacq (Eds.), Patterns in social entrepreneurship research. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar Publishing.
Dacin, M. T., Dacin, P. A., & Tracey, P. (2011). Social entrepreneurship: A critique and future directions. Organization Science, 22(5), 1203-1213. doi: 10.1287/orsc.1100.0620
De Dreu, C. K. W. (2006). Rational self-interest and other orientation in organizational behavior: A critical appraisal and extension of Meglino and Korsgaard (2004). Journal of Applied Psychology, 91(6), 1245-1252. doi: 10.1037/0021-9010.91.6.1245
De Dreu, C. K. W., Koole, S. L., & Steinel, W. (2000). Unfixing the fixed pie: A motivated information-processing approach to integrative negotiation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 79(6), 975-987. doi: 10.1037//0022-3514.79.6.975
De Dreu, C. K. W., & Nauta, A. (2009). Self-interest and other-orientation in organizational behavior: implications for job performance, prosocial behavior, and personal initiative. Journal of Applied Psychology, 94(4), 913-926. doi: 10.1037/a0014494
De Dreu, C. K. W., Nijstad, B. A., & van Knippenberg, D. (2008). Motivated information processing in group judgment and decision making. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 12(1), 22-49. doi: 10.1177/1088868307304092
Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (1985). Intrinsic Motivation and Self-Determination in Human Behavior. New York, NY: Plenum Press.
Dees, J. G. (2001). “The Meaning of Social Entrepreneurship”, Paper for the Fuqua School of Business, Duke University, From: https://centers.fuqua.duke.edu/case/wp-content/uploads/sites/7/2015/03/Article_Dees_MeaningofSocialEntrepreneurship_2001.pdf
Dees, J. G. (2012). A tale of two cultures: Charity, problem solving, and the future of social entrepreneurship. Journal of Business Ethics, 111(3), 321-334. doi: 10.1007/s10551-012-1412-5
Department of Trade and Industry. (2002), “Social Enterprise. A Strategy for Success”, London: Department of Trade and Industry, From: http://www.ub.edu/emprenedoriasocial/sites/default/files/social%20entreprise%20a%20strategy%20for%20success.pdf.
Doll, W. J., Xia, W., & Torkzadeh, G. (1994). A confirmatory factor analysis of the end-user computing satisfaction instrument. MIS Quarterly, 18(4), 453-461. doi: 10.2307/249524
Drayton, B. (2002). The citizen sector: Becoming as entrepreneurial and competitive as business. California Management Review, 44(3), 120-132. doi: 10.2307/41166136
Edwards, J. R., & Lambert, L. S. (2007). Methods for integrating moderation and mediation: A general analytical framework using moderated path analysis. Psychological Methods, 12(1), 1-22. doi: 10.1037/1082-989x.12.1.1
Ernst, K. (2012). Social entrepreneurs and their personality. In C. K. Volkmann, K. O. Tokarski, & K. Ernst (Eds.), Social Entrepreneurship and Social Business: An Introduction and Discussion with Case Studies. Wiesbaden: Gabler Verlag.
Estrin, S., Mickiewicz, T., & Stephan, U. (2016). Human capital in social and commercial entrepreneurship. Journal of Business Venturing, 31(4), 449-467. doi: 10.1016/j.jbusvent.2016.05.003
Fayolle, A., Linan, F., & Moriano, J. A. (2014). Beyond entrepreneurial intentions: values and motivations in entrepreneurship. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 10(4), 679-689. doi: 10.1007/s11365-014-0306-7
Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39-50. doi: 10.2307/3151312
Gaglio, C. M., & Katz, J. A. (2001). The psychological basis of opportunity identification: Entrepreneurial alertness. Small Business Economics, 16(2), 95-111. doi: 10.1023/a:1011132102464
Gebauer, J. E., Riketta, M., Broemer, P., & Maio, G. R. (2008). Pleasure and pressure based prosocial motivation: Divergent relations to subjective well-being. Journal of Research in Personality, 42(2), 399-420. doi: 10.1016/j.jrp.2007.07.002
Gebauer, J. E., Sedikides, C., Leary, M. R., & Asendorpf, J. B. (2012). Belief in the existence of true altruism. Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin.
Gouveia, V. V., Vione, K. C., Milfont, T. L., & Fischer, R. (2015). Patterns of value change during the life span: Some evidence from a functional approach to values. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 41(9), 1276-1290. doi: 10.1177/0146167215594189
Grant, A. M. (2007). Relational job design and the motivation to make a prosocial difiference. Academy of Management Review, 32(2), 393-417. doi: 10.5465/amr.2007.24351328
Grant, A. M. (2008a). Does intrinsic motivation fuel the prosocial fire? Motivational synergy in predicting persistence, performance, and productivity. Journal of Applied Psychology, 93(1), 48-58. doi: 10.1037/0021-9010.93.1.48
Grant, A. M. (2008b). The significance of task significance: Job performance effects, relational mechanisms, and boundary conditions. Journal of Applied Psychology, 93(1), 108-124. doi: 10.1037/0021-9010.93.1.108
Grant, A. M., & Berg, J. M. (2010). Prosocial motivation at work: when, why, and how making a difference makes a difference. In K. S. Cameron & G. M. Spreitzer (Eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Positive Organizational Scholarship. New York: NY, Oxford University Press.
Grant, A. M., & Berry, J. W. (2011). The necessity of others is the mother of invention: Intrinsic and prosocial motivations, perspective-taking, and creativity. Academy of Management Journal, 54(1), 73-96. doi: 10.5465/AMJ.2011.59215085
Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2009). Multivariate data analysis (7 ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall.
Hayes, A. F. (2009). Beyond Baron and Kenny: Statistical mediation analysis in the new millennium. Communication Monographs, 76(4), 408-420. doi: 10.1080/03637750903310360
Hayes, A. F. (2013). Introduction to Mediation, Moderation, and Conditional Process Analysis: A Regression-Based Approach. New York, NY: The Guilford Press.
Hayes, A. F. (2015). An index and test of linear moderated mediation. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 50(1), 1-22. doi: 10.1080/00273171.2014.962683
Higgins, E. T. (1997). Beyond pleasure and pain. American Psychologist, 52(12), 1280-1300. doi: 10.1037/0003-066X.52.12.1280
Hockerts, K. (2017). Determinants of social entrepreneurial intentions. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 41(1), 105-130. doi: 10.1111/etap.12171
Hu, R., Wang, L., Zhang, W., & Bin, P. (2018). Creativity, proactive personality, and entrepreneurial intention: The role of entrepreneurial alertness. Frontiers in Psychology, 9. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00951
Hu, R., & Ye, Y. H. (2017). Do entrepreneurial alertness and self-efficacy predict Chinese sports major students` entrepreneurial intention? Social Behavior and Personality, 45(7), 1187-1196. doi: 10.2224/sbp.6356
Jöreskog, K. G., & Sörbom, D. (1992). LISREL: A Guide to the Program and Applications. Chicago, IL: Scientific Software International, Inc.
Jöreskog, K. G. (1999). “How Large Can a Standardized Coefficient be?”. Unpublished report, SSI Central, Inc, From: http://www.ssicentral.com/lisrel/techdocs/HowLargeCanaStandardizedCoefficientbe.pdf
Kaish, S., & Gilad, B. (1991). Characteristics of opportunities search of entrepreneurs versus executives: Sources, interests, general alertness. Journal of Business Venturing, 6(1), 45-61. doi: 10.1016/0883-9026(91)90005-x
Karremans, J. C. (2007). Considering reasons for a value influences behaviour that expresses related values: An extension of the value-as-truisms hypothesis. European Journal of Social Psychology, 37(3), 508-523. doi: 10.1002/ejsp.371
Khan, M. S., Breitenecker, R. J., Gustafsson, V., & Schwarz, E. J. (2015). Innovative entrepreneurial teams: The give and take of trust and conflict. Creativity and Innovation Management, 24(4), 558-573. doi: 10.1111/caim.12152
Kirzner, I. M. (1973). Competition and entrepreneurship. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
Kirzner, I. M. (1979). Perception, opportunity, and profit: Studies in the theory of entrepreneurship. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
Kirzner, I. M. (1985). Discovery and the Capitalist Process. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
Kirzner, I. M. (1999). Creativity and/or alertness: A reconsideration of the Schumpeterian entrepreneur. Review of Austrian Economics(11), 5-17. doi: 10.1023/A:1007719905868
Kirzner, I. M. (2009). The alert and creative entrepreneur: A clarification. Small Business Economics, 32(2), 145-152. doi: 10.1007/s11187-008-9153-7
Kluckhohn, C. (1951). Values and value-orientations in the theory of action: An exploration in definition and classification. In T. Parsons & E. Shils (Eds.), Toward a General Theory of Action (pp. 388-433). Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Kohlberg, L. (1984). The Psychology of Moral Development. San Francisco, CA: Harper & Row.
Korsgaard, M. A., & Roberson, L. (1995). Procedural justice in performance evaluation: The role of instrumental and non- instrumental voice in performance appraisal discussions. Journal of Management, 21(4), 657-669. doi:10.1177/014920639502100404
Lebel, D., & V. Patil, S. (2018). Proactivity despite discouraging supervisors: The powerful role of prosocial motivation. Journal of Applied Psychology, Advance online publication. doi: 10.1037/apl0000301
Lee, K., Kim, Y., & Koh, D. (2016). Organizational learning, top management team’s entrepreneurial alertness, and corporate entrepreneurship in high-tech firms. Asian Journal of Technology Innovation, 24(3), 338-360. doi: 10.1080/19761597.2016.1249381
London, M., & Morfopoulos, R. G. (2010). Social entrepreneurship: How to start successful corporate social responsibility and community-based initiatives for advocacy and change. New York, NY: Routledge.
MacKinnon, D. P. (2008). Introduction to Statistical Mediation Analysis. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
Mair, J., & Noboa, E. (2006). Social entrepreneurship: How intentions to create a social venture are formed. In J. Mair, J. Robinson, & K. Hockerts (Eds.), Social entrepreneurship: AIAA.
Martin, R. L., & Osberg, S. (2007). Social entrepreneurship: The case for definition. Stanford Social Innovation Review, Spring 2007, 29-39.
Meglino, B. M., & Korsgaard, M. A. (2004). Considering rational self-interest as a disposition: Organizational implications of other orientation. Journal of Applied Psychology, 89(6), 946-959. doi: 10.1037/0021-9010.89.6.946
Meglino, B. M., & Ravlin, E. C. (1998). Individual values in organizations: Concepts, controversies, and research. Journal of Management, 24(3), 351-389. doi: 10.1177/014920639802400304
Miller, T. L., Grimes, M. G., McMullen, J. S., & Vogus, T. J. (2012). Venturing for others with heart and head: How compassion encourages social entrepreneurship. Academy of Management Review, 37(4), 616-640. doi: 10.5465/amr.2010.0456
Milway, K. S., & Goulay, C. D. (2013). The rise of social entrepreneurship in b-schools in three charts. Harvard Business Review, February 28.
Mossholder, K. W., Bennett, N., Kemery, E. R., & Wesolowski, M. A. (1998). Relationships between bases of power and work reactions: The mediational role of procedural justice. Journal of Management, 24(4), 533-552. doi: 10.1016/s0149-2063(99)80072-5
Muller, D., Judd, C. M., & Yzerbyt, V. Y. (2005). When moderation is mediated and mediation is moderated. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 89(6), 852-863. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.89.6.852
Murphy, P. J., & Coombes, S. M. (2008). A model of social entrepreneurial discovery. Journal of Business Ethics, 87(3), 325-336. doi: 10.1007/s10551-008-9921-y
O’Brien, E., Konrath, S. H., Grühn, D., & Hagen, A. L. (2013). Empathic concern and perspective taking: linear and quadratic effects of age across the adult life span. The Journals of Gerontology, Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 68(2), 168-175. doi: 10.1093/geronb/gbs055
Obschonka, M., Hakkarainen, K., Lonka, K., & Salmela-Aro, K. (2017). Entrepreneurship as a 21st century skill: Entrepreneurial alertness and intention in the transition to adulthood. Small Business Economics, 48(3), 487-501. doi: 10.1007/s11187-016-9798-6
Park, H. S., & Raile, A. N. W. (2010). Perspective Taking and Communication Satisfaction in Coworker Dyads. Journal of Business and Psychology, 25(4), 569-581. doi: 10.1007/s10869-009-9149-6
Parker, S. K., & Axtell, C. M. (2001). Seeing another viewpoint: Antecedents and outcomes of employee perspective taking. Academy of Management Journal, 44(6), 1085-1100. doi: 10.2307/3069390
Parks, L., & Guay, R. P. (2009). Personality, values, and motivation. Personality and Individual Differences, 47(7), 675-684. doi: 10.1016/j.paid.2009.06.002
Preacher, K. J., & Hayes, A. F. (2004). SPSS and SAS procedures for estimating indirect effects in simple mediation models. Behavior Research Methods Instruments & Computers, 36(4), 717-731. doi: 10.3758/bf03206553
Preacher, K. J., Rucker, D. D., & Hayes, A. F. (2007). Addressing moderated mediation hypotheses: Theory, methods, and prescriptions. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 42(1), 185-227. doi: 10.1080/00273170701341316
Laura, P., & P., G. R. (2012). Can personal values predict performance? Evidence in an academic setting. Applied Psychology, 61(1), 149-173. doi:10.1111/j.1464-0597.2011.00461.x
Persson, B. N., & Kajonius, P. J. (2016). Empathy and universal values explicated by the empathy-altruism hypothesis. Journal of Social Psychology, 156(6), 610-619. doi: 10.1080/00224545.2016.1152212
Phillips, W., Lee, H., Ghobadian, A., O’Regan, N., & James, P. (2015). Social innovation and social entrepreneurship: A systematic review. Group & Organization Management, 40(3), 428-461. doi: 10.1177/1059601114560063
Prandelli, E., Pasquini, M., & Verona, G. (2016). In user`s shoes: An experimental design on the role of perspective taking in discovering entrepreneurial opportunities. Journal of Business Venturing, 31(3), 287-301. doi: 10.1016/j.jbusvent.2016.02.001
Renko, M. (2013). Early Challenges of Nascent Social Entrepreneurs. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 37(5), 1045-1069. doi: 10.1111/j.1540-6520.2012.00522.x
Rokeach, M. (1973). The Nature of Human Values. New York, NY: Free Press
Robinson, O. C. (2013). Values and adult age: findings from two cohorts of the European Social Survey. European Journal of Ageing, 10(1), 11-23. doi: 10.1007/s10433-012-0247-3
Santos, F. M. (2012). A Positive Theory of Social Entrepreneurship. Journal of Business Ethics, 111(3), 335-351. doi: 10.1007/s10551-012-1413-4
Schwartz, S. H. (1977). Normative influences on altruism. In L. Berkowitz (Ed.), Advances in Experimental Social Psychology. New York, NY: Academic Press.
Schwartz, S. H. (1992). Universals in the content and structure of values: Theoretical advances and empirical tests in 20 countries. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 25, 1-65. doi: 10.1016/s0065-2601(08)60281-6
Schwartz, S. H. (1994). Are there universal aspects in the structure and contents of human values? Journal of Social Issues, 50(4), 19-45. doi: 10.1111/j.1540-4560.1994.tb01196.x
Schwartz, S. H. (2010). Basic values: How they motivate and inhibit prosocial behavior. In M. M. P. R. Shaver (Ed.), Prosocial motives, emotions, and behavior: The better angels of our nature. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
Schwartz, S. H. (2012). An overview of the Schwartz theory of basic values. Online Readings in Psychology and Culture, 2(1). doi: 10.9707/2307-0919.1116
Schwartz, S. H., Cieciuch, J., Vecchione, M., Davidov, E., Fischer, R., Beierlein, C., . . . Konty, M. (2012). Refining the theory of basic individual values. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 103(4), 663-688. doi: 10.1037/a0029393
Schwartz, S. H., Sagiv, L., & Boehnke, K. (2000). Worries and values. Journal of Personality, 68(2), 309-346. doi: 10.1111/1467-6494.00099
Shane, S., & Venkataraman, S. (2000). The promise of entrepreneurship as a field of research. The Academy of Management Review, 25(1), 217-226. doi: 10.2307/259271
Shepherd, D. A. (2015). Party On! A call for entrepreneurship research that is more interactive, activity based, cognitively hot, compassionate, and prosocial. Journal of Business Venturing, 30(4), 489-507. doi: 10.1016/j.jbusvent.2015.02.001
Skoll Foundation. (2016) “Survey of social entrepreneurship community reveals emerging trends”, Skoll Foundation website, From http://skoll.org/2017/02/01/survey-of-social-entrepreneurship-community-reveals-emerging-trends/
Sobel, M. E. (1982). Asymptotic confidence intervals for indirect effects in structural equation models. Sociological Methodology, 13, 290-312. doi: 10.2307/270723
Stephan, U. & Drencheva, A. (2017). The person in social entrepreneurship: A systematic review of research on the social entrepreneurial personality, In G. Ahmetoglu, T. Chamorro-Premuzic, B. Klinger, & T. Karcisky (Eds.), The Wiley Handbook of Entrepreneurship. Chichester: John Wiley.
Stern, P. C. (2000). New environmental theories: Toward a coherent theory of environmentally significant behavior. Journal of Social Issues, 56(3), 407-424. doi: 10.1111/0022-4537.00175
Stone, C. A., & Sobel, M. E. (1990). The robustness of estimates of total indirect effects in covariance structure models estimated by maximum likelihood. Psychometrika, 55(2), 337-352. doi: 10.1007/bf02295291
Stout, W. (2016). What dimensions of empathy predict prosocial helping behavior in emerging adulthood? The relationships between volunteering to help and perspective-taking ability, experience of empathic concern, and self-report empathic inclinations. Journal of Interdisciplinary Graduate Research, 1, 1-29. Available at: https://knowledge.e.southern.edu/jigr/vol1/iss1/1
Tang, J. (2007). Entrepreneurial alertness: A review, reconceptualization and extension- A Three-essay approach (Doctoral dissertation). Available from ProQuest Dissertations & Theses A&I.
Tang, J., Kacmar, K. M., & Busenitz, L. (2012). Entrepreneurial alertness in the pursuit of new opportunities. Journal of Business Venturing, 27(1), 77-94. doi: 10.1016/j.jbusvent.2010.07.001
Uy, M. A., Chan, K.-Y., Sam, Y. L., Ho, M.-h. R., & Chernyshenko, O. S. (2015). Proactivity, adaptability and boundaryless career attitudes: The mediating role of entrepreneurial alertness. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 86, 115-123. doi: 10.1016/j.jvb.2014.11.005
Vallerand, R. J. (1997). Toward a hierarchical model of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 29, 271-360. doi: 10.1016/S0065-2601(08)60019-2
Valliere, D. (2013). Towards a schematic theory of entrepreneurial alertness. Journal of Business Venturing, 28(3), 430-442. doi: 10.1016/j.jbusvent.2011.08.004
Wry, T., & York, J. (2015). An identity based approach to social enterprise. Academy of Management Review. doi: 10.5465/amr.2013.0506
Yu, F.-L. (2001). Entrepreneurial alertness and discovery. The Review of Austrian Economics, 14(1), 47-63. doi: 10.1023/a:1007855505727
Zahra, S. A., Gedajlovic, E., Neubaum, D. O., & Shulman, J. M. (2009). A typology of social entrepreneurs: Motives, search processes and ethical challenges. Journal of Business Venturing, 24(5), 519-532. doi: 10.1016/j.jbusvent.2008.04.007
Zahra, S. A., Rawhouser, H. N., Bhawe, N., Neubaum, D. O., & Hayton, J. C. (2008). Globalization of social entrepreneurship opportunities. Strategic Entrepreneurship Journal, 2(2), 117-131. doi: 10.1002/sej.43 |
| Description: | 博士
國立政治大學
科技管理與智慧財產研究所
100359503 |
| Source URI: | http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0100359503 |
| Data Type: | thesis |
| DOI: | 10.6814/DIS.NCCU.TIIPM.027.2018.F08 |
| Appears in Collections: | [科技管理與智慧財產研究所] 學位論文
|
Files in This Item:
| File |
Size | Format | |
|---|
| 950301.pdf | 1263Kb | Adobe PDF2 | 14 | View/Open |
|
All items in 政大典藏 are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved.
|
