政大機構典藏-National Chengchi University Institutional Repository(NCCUR):Item 140.119/111802

政大典藏 > College of Social Science > Graduate Institute of Development Studies > Theses > Item 140.119/111802

Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/111802

Title:	玻璃天花板效應之研究─以金融業、科技業、營建業的個案為例 Glass ceiling in industries: finance, technology & construction
Authors:	蘇瑞福
Contributors:	劉梅君蘇瑞福
Keywords:	玻璃天花板效應產業特性性別比例性別角色 Glass ceiling effect Industry characteristics Gender ratio Gender role
Date:	2016
Issue Date:	2017-08-10 10:02:42 (UTC+8)
Abstract:	現代社會越來越多女性投入職場，然而，當女性在組織中工作一段時間後，發現在職場的升遷上遇到了玻璃天花板，過去也有許多文獻不斷地在探討女性在職場上的玻璃天花板效應。本研究從不同男女比例的角度切入，挑選三個不同男女比例的代表性產業，在每一家代表性大型公司當中，訪談該公司的高階女性主管與女性基層員工，藉此了解不同性別比例的產業當中，女性在升遷的過程所遭遇到的玻璃天花板效應有哪些?產業性質的差異是否會讓女性遭遇到的玻璃天花板效有所不同?成功升遷的女性在遭遇玻璃天花板時，是採用哪些突破策略? 不同產業的女性所面臨到的升遷問題確實有所不同。本研究結果發現:(1)性別因素的影響仍然存在；(2)女性在適性的部門中的確能突破玻璃天花板效應；(3)家庭仍然是一大影響女性職場表現的因素；(4)女性想突破玻璃天花板需要培養良善的人際網絡、建立自信與持續學習；組織也要透過制度來保障女性升遷的機會。最後筆者分別從政府、企業、個人的角度給予建議，協助職場女性消除玻璃天花板效應。 As the female labour force gradually takes more important parts in the modern economy, they often face the glass-ceiling when progressing within the company. This thesis analyzes the glass-ceiling effect by industry sectors, gender ratio and management levels to explore the different varieties of glass ceiling female employees are facing. The crucial inquiries includes what are the different glass ceiling female usually faces, how is the nature of the sectors effects promotions and what strategies female employee adopt when they face glass ceiling. By investigating finance, technology and construction sectors, the research tries to see how the three variables interweave their professional experiences adapting to glass ceiling. Indeed there are different difficulties for women when it comes to their career promotions. The thesis has made four findings. First, the impact of gender factors still exists. Second, women in certain industries or departments which do not emphasize masculinity can indeed break the glass ceiling. Third, family is still one of the major concerns that influence working performance. Finally, cultivating connections, building self-confidence and keeping on learning can gradually help break glass ceiling. It is important for organizations to establish a system to ensure women`s promotion opportunity. The paper concludes with advices for government policy, business management and individual empowerment to undermine glass ceiling.
Reference:	參考文獻中文文獻專書王大方，1996，《玻璃天花板－管理女性與女性領導》。台北:時報文化，頁38-41。朱柔若，1998，《社會變遷中的勞工問題》。台北：楊智文化事業出版，頁 211-212。李美枝，1984，性別角色刻板印象，載於《女性心理學》。台北:大洋。李美枝，1988，《性別角色面面觀》。台北:聯經。林麗珊，2007，《女性主義與兩性關係》。台北:五南。許南雄，2007，《組織理論與管理》。臺中：滄海書局。齊力、林本炫，2005，《質性研究方法與資料分析》。嘉義：南華教社所。盧孟宗、黃鈴翔，2008，《性別主流化系列叢書－性別分析》。台北:財團法人婦女權益促進發展基金會。嚴祥鸞，2002，「查某人的工作?查甫的工作?」，《性別：解讀與跨越》，謝臥龍主編，台北：五南圖書公司出版。 Helgesen, S.著、林宴夙、徐荷譯，1995，《女人的領導風格》。台北：允晨。（原出版年為1990） M. Q. Patton著、吳芝儀、李奉儒譯，2008，《質性研究與評鑑（上）（Qualitative research and evaluation methods）》。臺北：濤石。期刊文章李藹慈，1993，〈女性職業選擇行為之探究〉。《社教雙月刊》，58:25-29。林逸青，1997，〈女性教育人員升遷上的障礙〉。《桃縣文教》，第四期:26-28。林德明、劉兆明，1997，〈新傳統女性：由個案資料探討女主管的面貌與調適歷程〉。《中華心理衛生學刊》，10(4):53-79。范麗娟，1994，〈深度訪談簡介〉，《戶外游憩研究》，7(2):25-35。徐宗國，1990，〈是為少數者？──工作內涵與工作生活素質，女性與工作研究上的一些回顧與芻議〉。《婦女與兩性學刊》，1:1-25。張晉芬，1993，〈企業組織中升遷機會的決定及員工的期望：兼論內部勞動市場理論的應用〉。《人文及社會科學集刊》，6(1):205-230。陳金城，1997，〈兩性平等工作的夢可以成真嗎？──談女性員工升遷的無形障礙〉。《勞工行政》，116 :16-18。陳月娥，2001，〈職業性別隔離影響因素之研究〉。《社會政策與社會工作學刊》，5(1):5-53。陳慧敏，2009，〈創造幸福家庭──請給「她」友善的職場環境〉。《台灣勞工季刊》，3(17):26-31。黃英忠、陳淑玲、施智婷、童冠燁，2005，〈性別歧視知覺對組織承諾干擾效果之研究──以台灣南部女性主管為例〉。《臺大管理論叢》，15(2):71-98。鄭美珍，2002，〈淺談女性公務員生涯規劃與發展貳、女性生涯阻隔的可能因素〉。《T&D 飛訊》，2:1-8。劉梅君，1992，〈我國女性人力資源低度利用之析探〉。《勞動學報》，第2期:107-127。碩博士論文王怡凱，2005，《影響醫院內女性主管升遷相關因素之研究》。台北:國立台灣大學醫療機構管理學系碩士論文。王麗淳，2004，《女性旅館管理者的工作處境及其職涯發展影響因素之探討-以國際觀光旅館客房部為例》。台北:國立台灣師範大學人類發展與家庭研究所碩士論文。李佩玫，1998，《女性主管之人格特質、政治行為與職位升遷關係之研究》。台北:中國文化大學國際企業管理研究所碩士論文。吳秀媚，2006，《玻璃天花板效應對女性生涯發展之影響─以飯店業高階女性主管為例》。台中:亞洲大學休閒與遊憩學系碩士論文。林清標，2007，《台北市消防人員升遷問題之探究》。台北:銘傳大學公共事務學系碩專班論文。林祐慈，2010，《星空下的玻璃天花板現象─以警政單位女性警官升遷為例》。台北:國立政治大學勞工研究所碩士論文。胡肇惠，2004，《臺灣企業女性經理人玻璃天花板認知程度與其工作滿足關聯性之研究─以個人特徵與師徒關係為干擾變項》。桃園:私立中原大學企業管理研究所碩士論文。高立文，2002，《半邊天─女性領導人成功經驗之探索》。嘉義:國立中正大學企管研究所碩士論文。張珮涵，2009，《台北市百貨業女性升遷問題之研究》。桃園:銘傳大學公共事務研究所碩士論文。郭芊彤，2012，《女性職涯發展中玻璃天花板效應之研究─以媒體產業中高階女主管為例》。台北:國立台灣師範大學科技應用與人力資源發展學系碩士論文張茹娟，1996，《影響企業組織員工升遷因素之探究》。台北:國立台灣大學社會學系碩士論文。陳文瑛，2006，《女性職場文化對女性員工發展障礙與機會之關聯探討》。基隆:臺灣海洋大學航運管理系碩士論文。黃茂丁，2004，《工作-家庭雙向衝突之前因、後果與調節因子》。台北:輔仁大學心理學系碩士論文。黃煥榮，2000，《組織中玻璃天花板效應之研究：行政院部會機關女性升遷之實證分析》。台北:國立政治大學公共行政學系博士論文。黃懿芳，2005，《國軍女性人力運用之研究─以「玻璃天花板現象」為檢視焦點》。台北:世新大學行政管理學系碩士論文。游子慧，2004，《影響玻璃天花板效應之因素─以資訊服務業為例之探索性研究》。桃園:國立中央大學資訊管理研究所碩士論文。鍾珠蓮，2003，《女性員工生涯發展影響因素之探討─以高科技產業為例》。桃園:國立中央大學人力資源管理研究所碩士論文。劉麗雯，1989，《臺灣省政府女性主管事業生涯發展之研究》。台北:東吳大學公共行政研究所碩士論文。魏秀蓮，2015，《高跟鞋的職涯發展與限制之研究：以壽險公司女性從業人員為例》。嘉義:國立中正大學企業管理學系碩士論文戴瑞婷，1978，《台北古亭區松山區已婚就業者之研究》。台北:國立台灣大學社會學研究所碩士論文。網頁資料 https://tw.news.yahoo.com/%E5%A4%A7%E4%BC%81%E6%A5%AD%E5%A5%B3%E8%91%A3%E4%BA%8B%E6%AF%94%E4%BE%8B-%E6%B3%95%E8%B6%85%E8%B6%8A%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B-113502550.html(最後瀏覽日期:2017/03) http://www.catalyst.org/knowledge/women-boards(最後瀏覽日期:2017/03) 英文文獻 Acker, J. ,1992, Gendering Organization Theory. In Albert Mills (Eds.), Gendering Organizational Analysis (pp. 248-261). London: Sage Publications. Aycan, Z. ,2004, “Key success factors for women in management in turkey.” Applied Psychology, 533(3): 453-477. Bainbridge, W. S ,1989, “Survey Research：A computer-Assistant Introduction. ” Belmont, CA：Wadsworth. Betz, N.E., & Hackett, G. ,1981, “The relationship of career-related self-efficacy expectations to perceived career options in college women and men. ” Journal of Counseling Psychology, 28(5):399. Brass, D. J. ,1985, “Men’s and women’s networks: a study of interaction patterns and influence in an organization.” Academy of Management Journal, 28(2):327-343. Broadbridge, A. ,1999, “A profile of female retail managers: Some insights. ” The Service Industries Journal, 19(3):135-161. Calhoun, C.,Light D. & Keller, S. ,1997, “Understanding Sociology”(7th edition). McGraw-Hill, Inc. Carli, L. L., & Eagly, A. H. ,2001, “Gender, hierarchy, and leadership: An introduction. ” Journal of Social Issues, 57(4):629-636. Christensen, K. E., & Staines, G. L. ,1990, “Flextime: A viable solution to work/family conflict? ” Journal of Family Issues, 11(4):455-476. Eagly, A. H., & Johannesen-Schmidt, M. C. ,2001, “The leadership styles of women and men. ” Journal of Social Issues, 57(4):781-797. Eccles, J. S. ,1987, “Gender roles and women’s achievement-related decisions. ” Psychology of Women Quarterly, 11: 135-172. Eyring, A., & Stead, B. A. ,1998, “Shattering the glass ceiling: Some successful corporate practices. ” Journal of Business Ethics, 17(3):245-251. Fagenson, Ellen A. ,1990, “At the heart of women in management research:Theoretical and methodological approaches and their biases.” Journal of Business Ethics, 9(4-5):267-274. Fierman, J. ,1990, “Why women still don’t hit the top. ” Fortune, 122(2): 40-62. Gest, T. ,1991, Feminizing the law: The new meaning of equality. , New York：U.S. News &; World Report. Gilligan, C. ,1977, “In a different voice: Women``s conceptions of self and of morality. ” Harvard Educational Review, 47(4):481-517. Grover, S. L., & Crooker, K. J. ,1995, “Who appreciates family-responsive human resource policies: The impact of family-friendly policies on the organisational attachment of parents and non-parents. ” Personnel Psychology, 48:271-87. Greenberger, E., Goldberg, W. A., Hamill, S., O’Neil, R., & Payne, C. K. ,1989.“Contributions of a supportive work environment to parents’ well-being and orientation to work. ” American Journal of Community Psychology, 17(6):755-783 Guy, M. E. ,1994, “Organizational architecture, gender and women``s careers. ” Review of Public Personnel Administration, 14(2): 77-90. Hill, R. J. ,1993,“Women and Work-Is the Glass Ceiling Coming Down?” Risk Management, 40(7): 26-34. Horner, M. S. ,1968, Sex differences in achievement motivation and performance in competitive and non-competitive situation, Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Michigan. Horner, M. ,1978, “The measurement and behavioral implications of fear of success in women. ” In J. Atkinson & J. Raynor (Eds.), Personality, motivation, and achievement :41-70. New York, NY: Halsted. Inman, P. ,1998, Women’s career development at the glass ceiling. New Directions for Adult and Continuing Education, 80, 35-42. Kanter, R.M. ,1977, Men and Women of the Corporation. New York: Basic Books. Lemons, M.A., & Danehower, V.C. ,1996, “Organizational justice and the glass ceiling: The moderating role of gender schemas.” Academy of Management Proceedings:398-402. Macionis, John J. ,1997, “ Sociology”(4th edition). New Jersey: Prentice Hall. Matthews, E., & Tiedeman, D. V. ,1964, “Attitudes toward career and marriage and the development of life style in young women.” Journal of Counseling Psychology, 11(4):375-384. Naff, K. C. ,1997, Colliding with a glass ceiling: Barriers to the advancement of women and minorities. In C. Ban & N. M. Riccucci (Eds.), Public personnel management: Current concerns-future challenges (2nd ed.) (pp.91-108). New York, NY: Longman Pub Group. Newman, M. A. ,1993,“Career advancement: Does gender make adifference?” American Review of Public Administration, 23(4): 361-384. Parsons, T. ,1951, “The Social system”, New York: Free Press. Perrewe, P. L., & Nelson, D. L. ,2004, “ Gender and career success: The facilitative role of political skill. ” Organizational Dynamics, 33(4):366-378. Powell, G. N., Butterfield, D. A., & Parent, J. D. ,2002, “ Gender and management stereotypes: Have the times changed? ” Journal of Management, 28(2):177-193. Powell, G. N. ,1993, Women and men in management. Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications. Ragins, B. R., Townsend, B., & Mattis, M. ,1998, “Gender gap in the executive suite: CEOs and female executives report on breaking the glass ceiling.” Academy of Management Executive, 12(1): 28-42. Rosener, J. B. ,1990, “Ways women lead.” Harvard Business Review. Nov-Dec.: 119-125. Schein, V. E. ,1973, “The relationship between sex role stereotypes and requisite management characteristics” Journal of Applied Psychology, 57:95-100. Singh, K. ,2003, “Women managers—perception vs. performance analysis.”Journal of Management Research, 3 (11):31-42. Tabak, F. ,1997, “Women`s upward mobility in manufacturing organizations in Istanbul: A glass ceiling initiative? ” Journal of Sex Roles, 36(l/2),:93-102. U.S. Department of Labor. ,1997, The Glass Ceiling Initiative: Are There Cracks in the Ceilings? ,Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Labor Employment Standards Administration Office of Federal Contract Compliance Programs. Walby, S. ,1998. ”Segregation in employment in social and economic theory”.pp.14-42 in Sylvia Walby(ed) ,Gender Segregation at Work. Open University press. Wentling, R. M. ,1998, “Work and family issues: Their impact on women``s career development. ” New Directions for Adult and Continuing Education, 80:15-24. Wirth, L. ,1998, “Women in management:Closer to breaking through the glass ceiling?” International Labour Review, 137(1):93-102.
Description:	碩士國立政治大學國家發展研究所 102261020
Source URI:	http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0102261020
Data Type:	thesis
Appears in Collections:	[Graduate Institute of Development Studies] Theses

Files in This Item:

File	Size	Format
102001.pdf	1068Kb	Adobe PDF2	141	View/Open

社群 sharing

Loading...