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Title:	「她那妖嬈戲謔一笑」：《曼斯菲爾德莊園》中的禮教與微笑 “Her Saucy, Playful Smile”: Propriety and Smiles in Mansfield Park
Authors:	顏渝庭 Yen, Yu Ting
Contributors:	吳易道 Wu, Yih Dau 顏渝庭 Yen, Yu Ting
Keywords:	珍‧奧斯丁《曼斯菲爾德莊園》十八世紀女性禮教禮儀書微笑大笑自我消弭自我發聲 Jane Austen Mansfield Park Eighteenth-century women Propriety Conduct books Smile Laughter Self-effacement Self-assertion
Date:	2017
Issue Date:	2017-07-31 10:53:37 (UTC+8)
Abstract:	十八世紀的女性需要面對許多問題，特別是在經濟方面。因為無法繼承家產，女性必須仰賴他們的父親、兄弟或者丈夫，因此婚姻成為他們生活的保障。為了要讓自己成為理想的結婚對象，遵守禮教這件事是不可或缺的，而十八世紀的禮儀書則為此而生。教導對象不僅僅只有未婚的年輕女性，更包含了對女性教育具有影響力的家庭成員，當整個社會都投入在如何教導以及規範女性時，父權社會對女性的掌控便得以鞏固。雖然成為一位知書達禮的淑女是當時女性唯一的生存出路，我們仍無法忽視遵守禮教所帶來的問題，意即女性必須消抹自己的聲音，才能藉以達到符合社會期待的禮教標準。在小說《曼斯菲爾德莊園》中，珍‧奧斯汀也提及了禮教的重要性。書中的女主角芬妮‧普萊斯自始至中堅持禮教，也因此在結尾得到了婚姻作為獎勵。但在書中，為了達到禮教的要求，女性必須要遵守男性所制定的規範，她們必須犧牲自己的聲音。雖然珍‧奧斯汀讚揚禮教中的道德性，但她並沒有忽略禮教帶來的問題—自我消弭。為了減少遵守禮教帶給女性的傷害，她採取了一精巧且非口語的表達方式以利女性表達自己的聲音—微笑。此論文旨在找出女性如何在禮教的範圍中找到自我發聲的機會，論點主要分為三部分：首先，我將著重禮教對於十八世紀英國人民的重要性，以及遵守禮教所衍生出來的問題。接著我將分析禮儀書當中所提的到大笑是如何顛覆父權社會，以及其在《曼斯菲爾德莊園》中是如何運作。最後，我將解釋珍‧奧斯汀在她作品中賦予微笑何種力量，以及微笑如何幫助女性表達自己的聲音。 Women in eighteenth-century England need to deal with many difficulties. They need to rely on their fathers, brothers and husbands for financial support. Marriage is the primary way by which women obtain financial security. Propriety helps women to become an ideal marriage partner. Eighteenth-century conduct books represent and promote the ideal of female propriety. It instructs not only young ladies but also their family members who are responsible for those ladies’ education at home. These books help the whole patriarchal society to build a solid system to control women. Although being a proper lady is a strategy of survival, propriety comes with a heavy price. Women have to efface themselves to live up to the social norm. Jane Austen in her novel Mansfield Park also conveys the importance of propriety. Fanny Price, the female protagonist who insists on being proper, is rewarded with a marriage with her cousin, Edmund, at the end of the novel. However, in this novel, to be proper means to follow men’s rules implicitily. Propriety requires women to be silent/silenced. Jane Austen praises the morality of being propriety, but at the same time, she does not ignore the problems of propriety— the self-effacement of women. To help those silent women, she offers a creative tool of self-assertion— smile. In this dissertation, I try to find out how women assert themselves. My argument will be divided into three parts. First, I focus on the importance of propriety to people in eighteenth-century England and on the problems of being proper. Second, I focus on female laughter, which supposedly has the potential to challenge patriarchal hegemony but which fails to work in Mansfield Park. Finally, I will discuss the power of female smiles in Mansfield Park and how they enable women to assert themselves.
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Description:	碩士國立政治大學英國語文學系 102551005
Source URI:	http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G1025510051
Data Type:	thesis
Appears in Collections:	[Department of English] Theses

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