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| Title: | 夏季臺北都會區熱島效應之研究 |
| Other Titles: | Heat Island Effect of Taipei Metropolitan Area |
| Authors: | 孫振義;簡子翔
Sun, Chen-Yi;Jian, Zi-Xiang |
| Contributors: | 地政系 |
| Keywords: | 都市熱島強度;機動觀測法;建築覆蓋率;綠地比率;人工發散熱;Urban heat island intensity (UHIs);Mobile transit;Building cover ratio;Green cover ratio;Anthropogenic heat |
| Date: | 2016-12 |
| Issue Date: | 2017-06-05 11:45:12 (UTC+8) |
| Abstract: | 都市熱島效應帶給臺北都會區許多問題，為了瞭解熱環境及影響都市熱島強度的相關因素，本研究在2012 年7 月4 日、11 日、13 日以機動觀測法進行溫度實測實驗。分別得到臺北盆地的中午(12:00~14:00)，晚上(19:00~21:00) 和深夜(02:00~04:00) 溫度分佈數據和圖形。結果顯示都市熱島環境下氣溫熱點出現在高度擁擠的交通節點、高人口密度地區、高建築覆蓋率地區，而氣溫冷點出現在低人口密度地區、廣闊綠地附近或靠近山邊區域。中午時段熱點散佈在都市各地，最大熱島強度為6.87℃；晚上時段熱點出現在具有大量人工發散熱的都市中心，因為人類活動使空氣升溫成為扮演熱島效應的重要角色，同時其最大熱島強度為5.77℃；凌晨時段都市吸收的熱輻射和人為活動造成的熱能無法從市中心擁擠的建物群消散到郊區，此外從盆地邊緣吹來的風冷卻了郊區造成郊區溫度急劇下降，因此熱區的面積明顯縮小集中在臺北盆地中央部分，此時段最大熱島強度為4.38℃。此外，本研究針對所得之結果與先前研究文獻（李魁鵬等人，1999）數據進行比較，得知隨著都市發展與居住活動差異，臺北熱島中心在中午、晚上與午夜時段均略有挪移，但整體而言，臺北熱島強度在中午及晚上時段略高於先前研究，而深夜的都市熱島強度則與文獻資料接近。為精確了解都市熱島強度受相關因子影響程度，本研究針對臺北市都市熱島強度與主要相關因子(人口密度、建築覆蓋率、綠地比率) 進行量化分析，經線性迴歸圖形及相關係數得到印證，都市熱島強度確與人口密度及建築覆蓋率呈正相關係趨勢，而與綠地比率呈負相關係趨勢。證實若想減少日益嚴重的都市熱島效應，本研究建議以減少人工熱排放(如汽車、空調)，改善鋪面材質如屋頂綠化、開發大型綠地、維護大型水域周邊與改善都市內空氣流通量以使蓄積的輻射熱或人工發散熱更容易排散。 Urban heat island has raised several key issues in Taipei metropolitan area. This study investigated how urban heat island affect the thermal environment by applying mobile transit measuring method at noon, evening and midnight on July 4th, 11th and 13th 2012 to collect the temperature data and contour of the research area. The analytical results show that the highest temperature area located at places with heavy traffic condition, high population intensity, and high building intensity. Meanwhile, temperatures were lowest in low population intensity area, green space, or mountain region. The hot area scattered in Taipei metropolitan area during daytime. The highest heat island intensity was 6.87°C at noon (12:00~14:00). After sunset, the high temperature area shifted to city center where anthropogenic heat is very high. The highest heat island intensity was 5.77°C at night (19:00~21:00) because human activity dominates and plays a significant role on heat island effect. At midnight, the city center is still be warm due to the high building intensity blocking the release of heat. Meanwhile, wind around the basin area causes rural areas to cool down faster than the center of the basin. Therefore, the highest heat island was 4.38°C at midnight. Moreover, comparisons of the 2012 study and 1999 study showed that the heat island pattern of Taipei metropolitan area differs. The heat island intensity of Taipei metropolitan area in 2012 was slightly higher than the study in 1999 at noon and in evening, but was almost identical with the literature data at midnight. Further quantitative analyses of relationships between heat island effect and some relative factors showed that heat island intensity had a positive correlation with population density and building cover ratio but had a negative correlation with green cover ratio. Based on these data, the following strategies are recommended for mitigating the heat island effect: (1) Decreasing anthropogenic heat of car, air condition or human activities; (2) maximizing green space; (3) improving paving materials as low heat parameters such as green wall, green roof or cool roof; (4) improving wind ventilation path in urban areas for releasing the heat in summer. |
| Relation: | 都市與計劃, Vol.43, No.4, pp.437-462 |
| Data Type: | article |
| DOI 連結: | http://dx.doi.org/10.6128%2fCP.43.4.437 |
| DOI: | 10.6128/CP.43.4.437 |
| Appears in Collections: | [地政學系] 期刊論文
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| 437-462.pdf | | 5516Kb | Adobe PDF2 | 483 | View/Open |
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