政大機構典藏-National Chengchi University Institutional Repository(NCCUR):Item 140.119/106983
English  |  正體中文  |  简体中文  |  Post-Print筆數 : 27 |  全文笔数/总笔数 : 113873/144892 (79%)
造访人次 : 51901510      在线人数 : 539
RC Version 6.0 © Powered By DSPACE, MIT. Enhanced by NTU Library IR team.
搜寻范围 查询小技巧：
  • 您可在西文检索词汇前后加上"双引号"，以获取较精准的检索结果
  • 若欲以作者姓名搜寻，建议至进阶搜寻限定作者字段，可获得较完整数据
    •  进阶搜寻


    请使用永久网址来引用或连结此文件: https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/106983


    题名: 聯合國對北韓之制裁：核武發展、導彈發射與人權狀況
    UN sanctions on North Korea：cases of nuclear projects, missile launch, and human rights during 2006-2016
    作者: 曾敏禎
    贡献者: 李明
    曾敏禎
    关键词: 聯合國安理會
    決議
    制裁
    成效
    日期: 2017
    上传时间: 2017-03-01 17:33:40 (UTC+8)
    摘要: 聯合國安理會分別在二○○六年、二○○九年、二○一三年和二○一六年時，對北韓進行七次制裁，但北韓不僅沒有放棄核試驗，更進一步研發氫彈和數次的衛星發射。聯合國目前已經針對北韓採取被指為最嚴厲的第2321號決議，惟制裁顯然不足以令北韓停手，究其原因，聯合國對北韓的制裁與對伊朗的只是換湯不換藥，然而伊朗與北韓存在著政體性以及對地區政治影響力的差別，讓安理會以往制裁對北韓僅發揮微小影響力。另外，國際社會在制裁北韓的立場上不一致，包括美國希望北韓一直存在各種問題，好讓其軍隊在地區保持活躍；中國擔憂制裁導致北韓垮台，甚至朝鮮半島趁勢統一，讓美國影響力更逼近中國，故採「陽奉陰違」態度，好保障自身利益；日本和南韓則希望北韓政權更迭；而俄羅斯不願攙和進此事，而打出「遠東大開發」的經濟牌，均是造成制裁失去效力的原因之一。在川普政府的北韓政策正式出爐以前，北韓會採取觀望態度，但是也有可能為最大限度地增強其核能力，使核擁有國的地位得到認可而發起戰略性挑釁。北韓的挑釁威脅與美國的應對以及美中兩國間的隔閡與衝突，將進一步加劇韓半島緊張局勢。
    參考文獻: UN Security Council Resolution
    Security Council Resolution 825, U.N. Doc. S/RES/825 (May 11, 1993).
    Security Council Resolution 1695, U.N. Doc. S/RES/1695 (July 15, 2006).
    Security Council Resolution 1718, U.N. Doc. S/RES/1718 (October 14, 2006).
    Security Council Resolution 1874, U.N. Doc. S/RES/1874 (June 12, 2009).
    Security Council Resolution 2087, U.N. Doc. S/RES/2087 (January 22, 2013).
    Security Council Resolution 2094, U.N. Doc. S/RES/2094 (March 7, 2013).
    Security Council Resolution 2270, U.N. Doc. S/RES/2270 (March 2, 2016).
    Security Council Resolution 2321, U.N. Doc. S/RES/2321 (November 30, 2016).

    UN Panel of Exports (PoE) Reports
    “Final Report of the PoEs submitted established pursuant to Resolution 1874 (2009),” United Nations Security Council Subsidiary Organ, 2010.
    <http://www.un.org/ga/search/view_doc.asp?symbol=S/2010/571>

    “Final Report of the PoEs submitted established pursuant to Resolution 1985 (2011),” United Nations Security Council Subsidiary Organ, 2012.
    <http://www.un.org/ga/search/view_doc.asp?symbol=S/2012/422>

    “Final Report of the PoEs submitted established pursuant to Resolution 2050 (2012),” United Nations Security Council Subsidiary Organ, 2013.
    <http://www.un.org/ga/search/view_doc.asp?symbol=S/2013/337>

    “Final Report of the PoEs submitted established pursuant to Resolution 2094 (2013),” United Nations Security Council Subsidiary Organ, 2014.
    <http://www.un.org/ga/search/view_doc.asp?symbol=S/2014/147>

    “Final Report of the PoEs submitted established pursuant to Resolution 2141 (2014),” United Nations Security Council Subsidiary Organ, 2015.
    <http://www.un.org/ga/search/view_doc.asp?symbol=S/2015/131>

    Official Documents
    Chanlett-Avery, Emma and Ian E. Rinehart. 2014. North Korea: U.S. Relations, Nuclear Diplomacy, and Internal Situation (CRS Report No. R41259). Washington, DC: Library of Congress, Congressional Research Service.

    Chanlett-Avery, Emma and Ian E. Rinehart. 2015. North Korea: U.S. Relations, Nuclear Diplomacy, and Internal Situation (CRS Report No. R41259). Washington, DC: Library of Congress, Congressional Research Service.

    Chanlett-Avery, Emma and Sharon Squassoni. 2006. North Korea’s Nuclear Test: Motivations, Implications, and U.S. Options. (CRS Report. No. RL3309).Washington, DC: Library of Congress, Congressional Research Service.
    Congressional Research Service

    United States General Accounting Office. 1996. Nuclear Nonproliferation: Implications of the U.S./North Korean Agreement on Nuclear Issues. United States General Accounting Office, (GAO/RCED/NSIAD-97-8) Report.

    U.S. Government Accountability Office. 2015. United States has increased flexibility to impose sanctions, but United Nations is impeded by a lack of member state reports. Report to the Chairman, Committee on Foreign Relations, U.S. Senate, GAO-15-485.

    Books
    Albright, David. 2015. Future Directions in the DPRK’S Nuclear Weapons Program: Three Scenarios for 2020. Washington, DC: U.S.-Korea Institute at SAIS.

    Bailey, Kenneth D. 1994. Methods of social research. (4th ed.). New York: The Free Press.

    Bee, Ronald J. 1995. Nuclear Proliferation: The Post-Cold-War Challenge. New York: Foreign Policy Association.

    Cha, Victor D. and David C. Kang. 2003. Nuclear North Korea: A Debate on Engagement Strategies. New York: Columbia University Press.

    Choi, Sun-Chul. 1999. Human Rights and North Korea. Seoul: The Institute of Unification Policy, Hanyang University.

    Claude, Inis L. Jr. 1984. From Swords into plowshares: The Problems and Progress of International Organization. New York: McGraw-Hill.

    Collier, David. 1993. The Comparative Method. Washington, DC: American Science Association.

    The Parliament of Australia. 2009. “Chapter 8: Iran and North Korea,” Joint Standing Committee on Treaties Report 106.

    Cornell, Erik. 2002. North Korea Under Communism: Report of an Envoy to Paradise. London: Routledge Curzon.

    Duchâtel, Mathieu and Phillip Schell. 2013. China’s Policy on North Korea: Economic Engagement and Nuclear Disarmament. Solna, Sweden: Stockholm International Peace Research Institute.

    Graham, Melanie Mickelson. 2006. “UN Nuclear and Missile Sanctions and North Korean Illicit Activities,” U.S.-Korea Yearbook 2006. Washington, DC: U.S.-Korea Institute at SAIS.

    Ha, Yong-son and Dongho Jo. 2012. Future of North Korea 2032: Co-evolutionary Strategy for the Advancement. Seoul: East Asia Institute.

    Haggard, Stephan and Marcus Noland. 2011. Witness to Transformation: Refugee Insights into North Korea. Washington DC: Peterson Institute For International Economic.

    Harnisch, Sebastian and David J. Roesch. 2011. “The International Community and the North Korean Nuclear Programme,” in Rüdiger Frank ed., Korea 2011: Politics, Economics and Society. Leiden: Brill Publisher.

    International Business Publication. 2009. US Arms Control and International Security Policy Handbook: Strategic Information and Development. Washington, DC: International Business Publication.

    Joo, Seung-Ho. 2010. “Russia’s Role in the Korean Peace Regime Building Process,” in Tae-Hwan Kwak and Seung-Ho Joo ed. Peace Regime Building on the Korean Peninsula and Northeast Asian Security Cooperation. Farnham: Ashgate.

    Kaseda, Yoshinori. 2014. “Japan’s Domestic Politics and North Korea,” in Tae-Hwan Kwak and Seung-Ho Joo ed., North Korea and Security Cooperation in Northeast Asia. Farnham: Ashgate.

    Keohane, Robert O. 1993. The Analysis of International Regimes: Towards a European-American Research Programme. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

    Kwak, Tae-Hwan. 2014. “The Denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula through the Six-Party Talks,” in Tae-Hwan Kwak and Seung-Ho Joo ed., North Korea and Security Cooperation in Northeast Asia. Farnham: Ashgate.

    Kwak, Tae-Hwan and Seung-Ho Joo. 2014. “Conclusion,” in Tae-Hwan Kwak and Seung-Ho Joo ed., North Korea and Security Cooperation in Northeast Asia. Farnham: Ashgate.

    Lee, Jong-woon and Hyoungsoo Zang. 2012. Multilateral Engagement in North Korea`s Economic Rehabilitation and Possible Establishment of Trust Funds. Sejong-si: The Korea Institute for International Economic Policy.

    Lim, Jae-Cheon. 2011. Kim Jong-il’s Leadership of North Korea. London; New York, NY: Routledge Contemporary Asia.

    Mamisevicz, Nicholas. 2015. “North Korea’s Nuclear Weapons and the United States,” in Utpal Vyas, Ching-Chang Chen, and Denny Roy ed., The North Korea Crisis and Regional Responses. Honolulu: East-West Center.

    McClean, Emma. 2011. “The Dilemma of Intervention: Human rights and the UN Security Council,” in Marco Odello and Sofia Cavandoli eds., Emerging Areas of Human Rights in the 21st Century - The Role of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. New York, NY: Routledge Research in Human Rights Law.

    Ogawa, Shinichi. 2015. “North Korea’s Nuclear Development, the Non-Proliferation Treaty Regime, and Regional Security,” in Utpal Vyas, Ching-Chang Chen, and Denny Roy ed., The North Korea Crisis and Regional Responses. Honolulu: East-West Center.

    Payne, Geoff and Judy Payne. 2004. Key Concepts in Social Research. London: Sage Publications.

    Roy, Denny. 2015. “Strategic Ramifications of the North Korea nuclear Weapons Crisis,” in Utpal Vyas, Ching-Chang Chen, and Denny Roy ed., The North Korea Crisis and Regional Responses. Honolulu: East-West Center.

    Sanders, Benjamin. 1990. “1995: A time for Optimism?” in Joseph F. Pilat and Robert E. Pendley ed., 1995: A New Beginning for the NPT? New York: Plenum Press.

    Sato, Yoichiro. 2015. “Explaining Japan’s North Korea Policy,” in Utpal Vyas, Ching-Chang Chen, and Denny Roy ed., The North Korea Crisis and Regional Responses. Honolulu: East-West Center.

    Scheinman, Lawrence. 1990. “Does the NPT Matter?” in Joseph F. Pilat and Robert E. Pendley ed., Beyond 1995: The Future of the NPT Regime. New York: Plenum Press.

    Schiller, Markus. 2012. Characterizing the North Korean Nuclear Missile Threat, Technical Report. Santa Monica, CA: RAND Corporation.

    Scobell, Andrew and John M. Sanford. 2007. North Korea’s Military Threat: Pyongyang’s Conventional Forces, Weapons of Mass Destruction, and Ballistic Missiles. Carlisle, PA: U.S. Army War College Strategic Studies Institute.

    Shafer, Robert Jones. 1980. A Guide to Historical Method. Homewood, Illinois: The Dorsey Press.

    Song, Jiyoung. 2010. Discourse in North Korea: Post-colonial, Marxist and Confucian Perspectives. London: Routledge Curzon.

    Wit, Joel S. and Sun Young Ahn. 2015. The North Korea`s Nuclear Futures Project: Technology and Strategy. Washington, DC: U.S.-Korea Institute at SAIS.

    Journals
    Ahn, Mun Suk. 2011. “What Is the Root Cause of the North Korean Nuclear Program?” Asian Affairs: An American Review, Vol.38, No.4, pp.175-187.

    Beauchamp-Mustafaga, Nathan and Jenny Jun. 2013. “Getting China to Enforce Actions on North Korea,” Yonsei Journal of International Studies, Vol.5, No.1, pp.47-71.

    Berger, Bernt. 2015. “Sanctions against North Korea: a tricky dilemma,” European Union Institute for Security Studies, No. 23, pp.1-4.

    Chansoria, Monika. 2013. “North Korea: Regime Succession, Nuclear Brinkmanship and Regional Calculations,” CLAWS Journal, pp.174-187.

    Chingono, Heather., Mediel Hove, and Steven James Danda. 2013. “Sanctions Effectiveness in a Globalized World,” International Journal of Humanities and Social Science, Vol. 3, No.21, pp.307-318.

    Fedorovskiy, Alexander. 2013. “Russia’s Policy Toward North Korea,” Russian Analytical Digest, No.132, pp.5-7.

    Gaddis, John Lewis. 1992-1993. “International Relations Theory and the End of the Cold War,” International Security, Vol. 17, No.3, pp.5-58.

    Hecker, Siegfried S. 2010. “Lessons learned from the North Korean nuclear crises,” Global Nuclear Future, Vol. 2, pp.44-56.

    Hong, Sukhoon. 2014. “What Does north Korea Want from China? Understanding Pyongyang’s Policy Priorities toward Beijing,” The Korean Journal of International Studies, Vol.12-1, pp.277-303.

    Hymans, Jacques E. C. 2008. “Assessing North Korean Nuclear Intentions and Capacities: A New Approach,” Journal of East Asian Studies, Vol.8, pp.259-292.

    Hymans, Jacques E. C. 2007. “North Korea’s Nuclear Neurosis,” Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, Vol. 63, No.3, pp.44-74.

    Ji, Yemon. 2009. “Three Paradigms of North Korea’s Nuclear Ambitions,” Journal of Political Inquiry, No.2.

    Kim, Samuel S. 2002. “China and the United States in the Korean Reunification Process,” International Journal of Korean Studies, Vol. 6 (1), pp.29-48.

    Krasner, Stephen D. 1982. “Structure Causes and Regime Consequences: Regimes as Intervening Variables,” International Organization, Vol. 36 (2), pp.185-205.

    Lee, Eric Yong-Joong. 2007. “Legal Analysis of the 2006 U.N. Security Council Resolutions Against North Korea’s WMD Development,” Fordham International Law Journal, Vol.31(1), Article 2, pp.1-33.

    Lee, Ming. 2013. “The Development of North Korea Nuclear Weapon and Northeast Asia Political Situation ,” (北韓核武發展與東北亞國際政治變局), Society for Strategic Studies, pp.22-48.

    Lee, Ming. 2013. “Korean Peninsula and Park Geun-Hye’s Diplomatic Tests,” (朝鮮半島情勢與朴槿惠的外交課題), Straits Review Monthly, No. 269, pp.10-14.

    Liu, Shengxiang., Mingyue Li, and Weihua Dai. 2013. “On China’s Policy Towards the Korean Peninsula from its Votes in the United Nations-The Perspective of Periodicity,” (從中國的聯合國投票看中國的朝鮮半島政策—基於週期性視角) Socialism Studies, Vol. 6, No. 212, pp.139-146.

    Medlicott, Carol. 2005. “Symbol and Sovereignty in North Korea,” SAIS Review of International Affairs, Vol. 25, No.2, pp. 69-79.

    Mu, Ren. 2014. “China’s Non-intervention Policy in UNSC Sanctions in the 21st Century: The Cases of Libya, North Korea, and Zimbabwe,” Ritsumeikan International Affairs, Vol.12, pp.101–134.

    Oh, Jinhwan and Jiyong Ryu. 2011. “The Effectiveness of Economic Sanctions on North Korea: China’s Vital Role,” The Korean Journal of Defense Analysis, Vol.23, No.1, pp.117-131.

    Park, Chang Kyoo., Er-Win Tan, and Geetha Govindasamy. 2013. “The Revival of Russia’s Role on the Korean Peninsula,” Asian Perspective, Vol. 37, No.1, pp.125-147.

    Park, John S. 2014. “The Key to the North Korean Targeted Sanctions Puzzle,” The Washington Quarterly Vol. 37 (3), pp.199-214.

    Pinkston, Daniel A. 2006. “CNS Special Report on North Korean Ballistic Missile Capabilities,” Center for Nonproliferation Studies, Monterey Institute of International Studies, pp.1-13.

    Pinkston, Daniel A. and Kazutaka Sakurai. 2006. “Japan Debates Preparing for Future Preemptive Strikes against North Korea,” The Korean Journal of Defense Analysis, Vol.18, No. 4, pp.95-121.

    Ruggie, John G. 1982. “International Regimes, Transactions, and Change: Embedded Liberalism in the Postwar Economic Order,” International Organization, Vol. 36 (2), pp.379-415.

    Rybachenkov, Vladimir. 2012. “The Missile Technology Control Regime and Strategic Arms Reductions –A View From Russia,” (accessed June 20, 2016)Presentation at the 11th UN-RK Joint Conference on Disarmament and Nonproliferation Issues, Jeju (Republic of Korea), pp.1-5.

    Sagan, Scott D. 1996-1997. “Why Do States Build Nuclear Weapons? Three Models in Search of a Bomb,” International Security, Vol.21, No. 3, pp.54-86.

    Sato, Heigo. 2009. “A Japanese Perspective on North Korea: Troubled Bilateral Relations in a Complex Multilateral Framework,” International Journal of Korean Unification Studies, Vol.18, No.1, pp.54-92.

    Song, Jiyoung. 2010. “The Right to Survival in the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea,” European Journal of East Asian Studies, Vol. 9, Issue.1, pp.87-117.

    Ubelejit, Nte Timothy. 2014. “Operation Unified Protector: Collective Security Or Collective Defense,” Global Journal of Political Science and Administration, Vol.2, No.2, pp.24-32.

    Wuthnow, Joel. 2010. “China and the Processes of Cooperation in UN Security Council Deliberations,” The Chinese Journal of International Politics, Vol.3, pp.55-77.

    Internet Sources
    Ah, Seol Song. 2016. “Trucks loaded with mineral extracts blocked from entering China,” in Daily NK, March 7, http://www.dailynk.com/english/read.php?cataId=nk0500&num=13819;%20www.dailynk.com/english/read.php?cataId=nk01500&num=13784 (accessed June 25, 2016)

    Albright, David. 2016. “White House doubts North Korea`s claims of successful H-bomb test,” in The Korea Herald, January 7, http://www.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=20160107000173 (accessed June 20, 2016)

    Amnesty International. 2016. “North Korea: Tightened controls on communications with the outside world leave families devastated,” in Amnesty International, March 9, https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2016/03/north-korea-connection-denied/ (accessed June 20, 2016)

    Amnesty International. 2016. “NORTH KOREA 2015/2016,” in Amnesty International, May 25, https://www.amnesty.org/en/countries/asia-and-the-pacific/north-korea/report-korea-democratic-peoples-republic-of/ (accessed August 20, 2016)

    Anna, Cara and Edith M. Lederer. 2015. “UN: North Korean company renames ships to evade sanctions,” in Associated Press, February 26, http://wtop.com/world/2015/02/un-north-korean-company-renames-ships-to-evade-sanctions/ (accessed October 15, 2015).

    Associated Press. 2006. “North Korea to Rejoin 6-Nation Nuclear Talks,” in Associated Press, October 31, http://www.nbcnews.com/id/15494100/ns/world_news-asia_pacific/t/north-korea-rejoin--nation-nuclear-talks/#.WDqMDvl942w (accessed October 25, 2016)

    Bahrami, Natasha and Trita Parsi. 2012. “Blunt Instrument: Sanctions Don’t Promote Democratic Change,” in Boston Review, February 6, http://www.bostonreview.net/natash-bahrami-trita-parsi-iran-sanctions (accessed November 11, 2015)

    BBC News. 2013. “UN adopts tough new North Korea sanctions after nuclear test,” in BBC News, March 7, http://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-21704862 (accessed December 20, 2014)

    BBC News. 2016. “North Korea’s missile programme,” in BBC News, February 7, http://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-17399847 (accessed June 20, 2016)

    Berger, Andrea. 2015. “Further Shades of Grey: North Korea Sanctions and the 2015 UN PoEs Report,” in 38 North, July 04, http://38north.org/2015/03/aberger030415/ (accessed September 25, 2015).

    Berger, Andrea and Ching N. Fung. 2015. “Business or Pleasure? A N. Korean-Cambodian Arrested in Hawaii,” in NK News, August 7, https://www.nknews.org/2015/08/business-or-pleasure-a-n-korean-cambodian-arrested-in-hawaii/ (accessed June 25, 2016)

    Byrne, Leo. 2016. “Forty-two UN states file N. Korea sanctions reports so far,” in NK News, August 9, https://www.nknews.org/2016/08/forty-two-un-states-file-n-korea-sanctions-reports-so-far/ (accessed August 25, 2016)

    Carpenter, Ted Galen and Christopher A. Preble. 2006. “North Korean Sanctions: A Cruel Mirage,” in Cato Institute, October 19, http://www.cato.org/publications/commentary/north-korean-sanctions-cruel-mirage (accessed November 19, 2013).

    Charbonneau, Louis and Michelle Nichols. 2015. “North Korea shipping firm skirts sanctions by renaming ships - U.N. panel,” in Reuters, February 26, http://uk.reuters.com/article/2015/02/26/uk-northkorea-sanctions-un-exclusive-idUKKBN0LT2E820150226 (accessed May 28, 2015).

    Cheol, Lee Yeon. 2014. “UN Demands Whereabouts of South Koreans in North Korea,” in Voice of America, August 12, http://www.voanews.com/content/us-demands-whereabouts-of-south-korean-in-north-korea/2411258.html (accessed June 20, 2016)

    China Org Cn. 2013. “UN imposes new sanctions on N. Korea,” in China Org Cn, March 8, http://www.china.org.cn/world/2013-03/08/content_28169499.htm (accessed June 20, 2016)

    The Committee for Human Rights in North Korea. 2014. “PRESS RELEASE: HRNK Welcomes the Report by the UN Commission of Inquiry (COI) on North Korean Human Rights,” in The Committee for Human Rights in North Korea, February 16, http://www.hrnk.org/events/announcements-view.php?id=14 (accessed April 16, 2015).

    Constitute Project Organization. 2015. “Korea (Democratic People`s Republic of)’s Constitution of 1972 with Amendments through 1998”, in Constitute Project Organization, September 28, https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Peoples_Republic_of_Korea_1998.pdf (accessed July 25, 2015).

    The Economist. 2006. “UNsanctioned,” in The Economist, October 16, http://www.economist.com/node/8046820 (accessed March 11, 2014).

    Elleman, Michael. 2016. “North Korea Launches another Large Rocket: Consequences and Options,” in 38 North, February 10, http://38north.org/2016/02/melleman021016/ (accessed June 20, 2016)

    Elleman, Michael and Michael J. Zagurek, Jr. 2016. “THAAD: What It Can and Can’t Do,” in 38 North, March 10, http://38north.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/THAAD-031016-Michael-Elleman-and-Michael-Zagurek.pdf (accessed June 20, 2016)

    Enos, Olivia and Bruce Klingner. 2016. “Next Steps for Human Rights in North Korea,” in The Heritage Foundation, January 12, http://www.heritage.org/research/reports/2016/01/next-steps-for-human-rights-in-north-korea (accessed May 5, 2016)

    Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. 2016. “North Korea`s food production falls for first time since 2010 as water scarcity hits agricultural sector,” in Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, April 27, http://www.fao.org/news/story/en/item/412030/icode/ (accessed June 20, 2016)

    Griffiths, Hugh and Lawrence Dermody. 2014. “Loopholes in UN Sanctions against North Korea,” in 38 North, May 6, http://38north.org/2014/05/griffithdermod050614/ (accessed May 06, 2015).

    The Guardian. 2012. “Associated Press opens news bureau in North Korea,” in The Guardian, January 16, https://www.theguardian.com/world/2012/jan/16/associated-press-bureau-north-korea (accessed June 20, 2015)

    The Guardian. 2016. “North Korea fires missile volley into sea after UN ratchets up sanctions,” in The Guardian, March 2, http://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/mar/02/un-security-council-adopts-sanctions-on-north-korea (accessed June 20, 2016)

    Hanrahan, Mark. 2015. “North Korea Evading UN Sanctions By Reflagging, Renaming Ships Belonging To Blacklisted Company: UN Report”, in International Business Times, February 25, http://www.ibtimes.com/north-korea-evading-un-sanctions-reflagging-renaming-ships-belonging-blacklisted-1828804 (accessed June 25, 2016)

    Hibbs, Mark. 2012. “Assessing UN Trade Sanctions on North Korea,” in Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, July 3, http://carnegieendowment.org/2012/07/03/assessing-un-trade-sanctions-on-north-korea (accessed July 7, 2013).

    IAEA. Fact Sheet on DPRK Nuclear Safeguards, in IAEA , https://www.iaea.org/newscenter/focus/dprk/fact-sheet-on-dprk-nuclear-safeguards (accessed June 20, 2016)

    Ji, Dagyum. 2016. “N.Korea mineral trade with China ‘cash cow’ despite sanctions: KDI,” in NK News, September 23, https://www.nknews.org/2016/09/n-korea-mineral-trade-with-china-cash-cow-despite-sanctions-kdi/ (accessed September 25, 2016)

    Kimball, Daryl G. 2004. “The Missile Technology Control Regime at a Glance,” in Arms Control Association, September, http://www.armscontrol.org/factsheets/mtcr (accessed June 20, 2016)

    Kim, Eun-jung. 2014. “N. Korea in final stages of nuclear test preparations: Seoul’s defense chief,” in Yonghap News Agency, May 8, http://english.yonhapnews.co.kr/northkorea/2014/05/08/10/0401000000AEN20140508007000315F.html (accessed July 7, 2014).

    Kissinger, Henry A. 2009. “North Korea’s Nuclear Challenge,” in Henry A. Kissinger, June 4, http://www.henryakissinger.com/articles/iht060409.html (accessed May 30, 2014).

    Klingner, Bruce and Baker Spring, 2011. “North Korean Missiles a Growing Risk to the U.S.,” in The Heritage Foundation, December 7, http://www.heritage.org/research/reports/2011/12/north-korean-missiles-are-growing-risk-to-the-us#_ftn2 (accessed June 20, 2016)

    Klingner, Bruce. 2013. “Time to Get North Korean Sanctions Right,” in The Heritage Foundation, June 25, http://www.heritage.org/research/reports/2013/11/time-to-get-north-korean-sanctions-right (accessed July 25, 2015).

    Klingner, Bruce and Jared Genser. 2013. “How North Korea Gets Away With It,” in The Wall Street Journal, October 6, http://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052702304171804579119173832719340 (accessed August 11, 2015).

    Korea Joongang Daily. 2016. “China opens probe into North Korean bank”, in Korea Joongang Daily, September 26, http://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/news/article/article.aspx?aid=3024152 (accessed September 25, 2016)

    Korea Joongang Daily. 2016. North Korea faces new set of sanctions from South,” in Korea Joongang Daily, December 3, http://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/news/article/article.aspx?aid=3026964&cloc=joongangdaily%7Chome%7Cnewslist1 (accessed December 5, 2016).

    Lee, Yong Suk. 2014. “Countering Sanctions: The Unequal Geographic Impact of Economic Sanction in North Korea” in Freeman Spogli Institute of International Studies, August 26, http://aparc.fsi.stanford.edu/publication/countering-sanctions-unequal-geographic-impact-economic-sanctions-north-korea (accessed July 25, 2015).

    Lederer, Edith M. 2006. “U.N. Imposes Limited Sanctions on N. Korea,” in The Washington Post, July 15, http://www.washingtonpost.com/wpdyn/content/article/2006/07/15/AR2006071500538.html (accessed June 20, 2016)

    Lederer, Edith M. 2016. “UN approves toughest sanctions on North Korea in 20 years,” in Associated Press, March 2, http://bigstory.ap.org/article/40c90205458b49898462443723c67e85/un-vote-wednesday-new-north-korea-sanctions (accessed June 20, 2016)

    Macdonald, Hamish. 2016. “UNSC adopts new sanctions against North Korea,” in NK News, November 30, https://www.nknews.org/2016/11/unsc-adopts-new-sanctions-against-north-korea/ (accessed December 5, 2016)

    Megaloudi, Fragkiska. 2015. “The Hidden Side of Sanctions against North Korea,” in Counter Punch, September 23, http://www.counterpunch.org/2015/09/23/the-hidden-side-of-sanctions-against-north-korea/ (accessed November 11, 2015).

    Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan. 2013. “Comment by Prime Minister Shinzo Abe, on the Adoption of a Resolution by the United Nations Security Council on the Nuclear Test conducted by North Korea,” in Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan, March 8, http://www.mofa.go.jp/announce/announce/2013/3/0308_04.html (accessed June 20, 2016)

    Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People’s Republic of China. 2016. “Wang Yi Meets with Assistant to the US President for National Security Affairs Susan Rice,” in Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People’s Republic of China, February 25, http://www.fmprc.gov.cn/mfa_eng/zxxx_662805/t1343846.shtml (accessed June 20, 2016)

    Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People’s Republic of China. 2016. “Foreign Ministry Spokesperson Hong Lei’s Regular Press Conference,” in Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People’s Republic of China, March 4, http://www.fmprc.gov.cn/mfa_eng/xwfw_665399/s2510_665401/2511_665403/t1345253.shtml (accessed June 15, 2016)

    The Moscow Times. 2006. “N. Korea in Danger of Losing Sole Ally,” in The Moscow Times, October 11, http://www.themoscowtimes.com/sitemap/free/2006/10/article/n-korea-in-danger-of-losing-sole-ally/201790.html (accessed June 20, 2016)

    Nakatani, Hiroshi. 2012. “The Impact of Domestic Politics on North Korea’s Nuclear Decisions,” in The Globalized World Post, March 2, http://thegwpost.com/2012/03/02/the-impact-of-domestic-politics-on-north-koreas-nuclear-decisions/ (accessed January 11, 2016).

    NBC News. 2006. “Report: Kim ‘Sorry’ About N. Korea Nuclear Test,” in NBC News, October 20, www.msnbc.msn.com/id/15341349 (accessed November 20, 2016)

    Nebehay, Stephanie and Tom Miles. 2014. “ ‘Mind your own business’, North Korea says of UN demand for justice,” in Reuters, March 28, http://www.reuters.com/article/2014/03/28/us-korea-north-un-crimes-idUSBREA2R0YZ20140328 (accessed October 11, 2014).

    New York Times. 2009. “North Korea Vows to Produce Nuclear Weapons,” in New York Times, June 13, http://www.nytimes.com/2009/06/14/world/asia/14korea.html?_r=0 (accessed June 20, 2016)

    Nichols, Michelle. 2016. “U.S., China agree on new North Korea U.N. sanctions, Russia has issues: diplomats,” in Reuters, November 24, http://www.reuters.com/article/us-northkorea-nuclear-un-idUSKBN13I1OY (accessed December 5, 2016)

    NK News. 2013. “North Korea receives universal condemnation from around the world,” in NK News, February 13, http://www.nknews.org/2013/02/north-korea-remains-defiant-in-face-of-international-condemnation/ (accessed June 20, 2016)

    North Korea Leadership Watch. 2013. “DPRK Foreign Ministry Issues Statement Protesting UNSCR 2094 (2013),” in North Korea Leadership Watch, March 9, https://nkleadershipwatch.wordpress.com/2013/03/09/dprk-foreign-ministry-issues-statement-protesting-unscr-2094-2013/ (accessed June 20, 2016)

    Nuclear Threat Initiative. 2009. “North Korea’s Nuclear Test and its Aftermath: Coping with the Fallout,” in Nuclear Threat Initiative, June 25, http://www.nti.org/analysis/articles/north-koreas-nuclear-test-aftermath/ (accessed June 20, 2016)

    Paik, Haksoon. 2013. “Kim Jong Un’s “Unitary Leadership”: Future Policies and Our Choices,” in 38 North, December 10, http://38north.org/2013/12/hpaik121013/ (accessed October 11, 2014).

    Panda, Ankit. 2016. “Yes, North Korea`s Very Upset about New UN Security Council Sanctions,” in The Diplomat, March 4, http://thediplomat.com/2016/03/yes-north-koreas-very-upset-about-new-un-security-council-sanctions/ (accessed June 20, 2016)

    Park, John and Jim Walsh. 2016. “Stopping North Korea, Inc.: Sanctions Effectiveness & Unintended Consequences,” in MIT Security Studies Program, August, http://web.mit.edu/ssp/people/walsh/Stopping%20North%20Korea%20Inc_Park%20%20Walsh_FINAL.pdf (accessed September 30, 2016)

    Park, Ju-min and Tony Munroe. 2016. “Squeezing North Korea: old friends take steps to isolate regime,” in Reuters, September 26, http://ca.reuters.com/article/topNews/idCAKCN11V0WE (accessed June 25, 2016)

    Reuters. 2009. “TEXT: North Korea’s reply to U.N. sanctions for nuclear test,” in Reuters, Jun 13, http://mobile.reuters.com/article/idUSTRE55C0KV20090613 (accessed June 20, 2016)

    Reuters. 2012. “Russia voices ‘deep regret’ over North Korea rocket launch,” in Reuters, December 12, http://www.reuters.com/article/us-korea-north-russia-launch-idUSBRE8BB09N20121212 (accessed June 20, 2015)

    Rosett, Claudia. 2015. “Our Nagging North Korea Problem,” in The Journal of International Security Affairs, Fall/Winter, http://www.securityaffairs.org/issues/number-27/our-nagging-north-korea-problem (accessed November 11, 2015).

    Schilling, John. 2016. “A New Submarine-Launched Ballistic Missile for North Korea,” in 38 North, April 25, http://38north.org/2016/04/jschilling042516/ (accessed June 20, 2016)

    Security Council Report. 2015. “UN documents for DPRK (North Korea),” http://www.securitycouncilreport.org/un-documents/dprk-north-korea/ (accessed July 13, 2015).

    Sputnik International. 2006. “Russia warns new UN sanctions could embitter North Korea,” in Sputnik International, April 9, http://sputniknews.com/world/20090409/121033011.html#ixzz3xPZU1h6r (accessed June 20, 2016)

    Stanton, Joshua. 2015. “North Korea: The Myth of Maxed-Out Sanctions,” in Fletcher Security Review, January 21, http://www.fletchersecurity.org/#!stanton/c1vgi (accessed November 10, 2015)

    Thielmann, Greg. 2013. “Sorting out the Nuclear and Missile Threats from North Korea,” in The Arms Control Association, May 21, http://www.armscontrol.org/files/TAB_Sorting_Out_North_Korea_2013.pdf (accessed June 20, 2016)

    Tiezzi, Shannon. 2016. “US, China Near Agreement on North Korean Sanctions,” in The Diplomat, February 26, http://thediplomat.com/2016/02/us-china-near-agreement-on-north-korean-sanctions/ (accessed June 20, 2016)

    Trading Economics. “North Korea GDP 1970-2016,” in Trading Economics, http://www.tradingeconomics.com/north-korea/indicators (accessed July 15, 2016)

    Toloraya, Georgy. 2016. “UNSCR 2270: A Conundrum for Russia,” in 38 North, March 5, http://38north.org/2016/03/gtoloraya030516/ (accessed June 20, 2016)

    United Nations Human Rights Office. “About Us,” in United Nations Human Rights Office (Seoul), http://seoul.ohchr.org/EN/Pages/ABOUT%20US.aspx (accessed August 5, 2016)

    United Nations Human Rights. 2014. “Latest News: Launch of the report of the Commission of Inquiry on human rights in DPRK,” in United Nations Human Rights, May 30, http://www.ohchr.org/EN/HRBodies/HRC/CoIDPRK/Pages/CommissionInquiryonHRinDPRK.aspx (accessed May 30, 2015).

    United States Mission to the United Nations. 2016. “Explanation of Vote at the Adoption of UN Security Council Resolution 2321 on Sanctions on the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea,” in United States Mission to the United Nations, November 30, https://usun.state.gov/remarks/7575 (accessed December 5, 2016).

    United Nations Office for Disarmament Affairs. “Treaty on the Non-proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT),” in United Nations Office for Disarmament Affairs, http://www.un.org/disarmament/WMD/Nuclear/NPT.shtml (accessed January 30, 2016).

    United Nations. “The Universal Declaration of Human Rights,” in United Nations, http://www.un.org/en/universal-declaration-human-rights/ (accessed January 30, 2016).

    UN News Centre. 2009. “Tougher UN sanctions on DPR Korea send ‘clear and strong’ message – Ban,” in UN News Centre, June 12, http://www.un.org/apps/news/story.asp?NewsID=31133&Cr=dprk&Cr1=&Kw1=#.Vp4Fqfl94gs (accessed June 20, 2016)

    UN News Centre. 2014. “UN-mandated human rights inquiry on DPR Korea documents ‘widespread, systematic abuses’”, in UN News Centre, February 17, http://www.un.org/apps/news/story.asp?NewsID=47160#.VrGtmbJ94gs (accessed April 5, 2016)

    UN News Centre. 2015. “New UN office opens in Seoul to monitor human rights issues in DPR Korea,” in UN News Centre, June 23, http://www.un.org/apps/news/story.asp?NewsID=51223 (accessed August 20, 2016)

    U.S. Department of State. 2009. “Press Availability with Egyptian Foreign Minister Ahmed Ali Aboul Gheit,” U.S. Department of State, May 27, http://www.state.gov/secretary/20092013clinton/rm/2009a/05/124009.htm (accessed June 20, 2016)

    Wachtel, Jonathan. 2016. “Russia delaying vote on US-drafted Security Council resolution against North Korea,” in FoxNews, February 29, http://www.foxnews.com/on-air/special-report-bret-baier/blog/2016/02/29/russia-delaying-vote-us-drafted-security-council-resolution-against-north-korea (accessed June 20, 2016)

    The Wall Street Journal. 2016. “North Korea’s Sanctions Loophole,” in The Wall Street Journal, February 28, http://www.wsj.com/articles/north-koreas-sanctions-loophole-1456697024 (accessed June 2, 2016)

    Wilson Center Organization. 2005. The History Of North Korean Attitudes Toward Nuclear Weapons And Efforts To Acquire Nuclear Capability Documents From The Archive Of The Foreign Ministry Of The Russian Federation And The Hungarian State Archive - Recently Obtained And Translated By The Korea Initiative Of The Cold War International History Project,” in Wilson Center Organization, May 17, https://www.wilsoncenter.org/sites/default/files/edossier141.pdf (accessed January 17, 2016).

    Yang, Jung A. 2008. “North Korea Has Introduced Amendments to Its Criminal Codes to Save the Regime from Falling Apart,” in The Daily NK, May 13, http://www.dailynk.com/english/read.php?cataId=nk00100&num=3610 (accessed July 7, 2014).

    Yonhap News Agency. 2013. “(LEAD) U.N. resolution adds 3 N. Korean arms dealers to sanctions list: draft,” in Yonhap News Agency, March 7, http://english.yonhapnews.co.kr/national/2013/03/07/9/0301000000AEN20130307009300315F.HTML (accessed June 20, 2016)

    Ziang, Xiaocheng. 2013. “Chinese Reactions to the Three North Korean Nuclear Tests: 2006, 2009, and 2013”, in The Committee for Human Rights in North Korea, March 5, http://www.hrnkinsider.org/2013/03/chinese-reactions-to-three-north-korean.html (accessed June 20, 2016)

    Workshop Document
    UN Sanctions on North Korea: Prospects and Problems. 2013. In IISS Workshop, Dubai, United Arab Emirates. December 3, 2013.

    Research Reports
    Carisch, Enrico, and Loraine Rickard-Martin, “United Nations Sanctions on North Korea and Iran: An Implementation Manual,” International Peace Institute, (March 2014).

    Eckert, Sue and Thomas Biersteker, “The Impacts and Effectiveness of UN Nonproliferation Sanctions: A Provisional Report: Iran and North Korea,” International Security Research and Outreach Programme, (April 2012).

    Goron, Coraline and Miha Hribernik, “North Korea; Hungry for Change,” European Institute for Asian Studies Briefing Paper, (October 2013).

    “Fire on the City Gate: Why China Keeps North Korea Close,” International Crisis Group Asia Report No. 254, (December 2013).

    Haggard, Stephan and Marcus Noland. “Sanctioning North Korea: The Political Economy of Denuclearization and Proliferation,” Peterson Institute for International Economics Working Paper 09-4, (July 2009).

    Haggard, Stephan and Marcus Noland. “Repression and Punishment in North Korea: Survey Evidence of Prison Camp Experiences,” East-West Center Working Papers No.20 (October 2009).

    Noland, Marcus, “The (Non) Impact of UN Sanctions on North Korea,” Peterson Institute for International Economics Working Paper 08-12, (December 2008).

    Portela, Clara, “The EU’s Use of “Targeted` Sanctions: Evaluating Effectiveness”, Center for European Policy Studies Working Documents No.391, (March 2014).

    Wertz, Daniel and Ali Vaez, “Sanctions and nonproliferation in North Korea and Iran: A Comparative Analysis,” Federation of American Scientists Issue Brief, (June 2012).
    描述: 碩士
    國立政治大學
    亞太研究英語碩士學位學程(IMAS)
    100926005
    資料來源: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0100926005
    数据类型: thesis
    显示于类别:[亞太研究英語博/碩士學位學程(IDAS/IMAS)] 學位論文

    文件中的档案:

    档案 大小格式浏览次数
    index.html0KbHTML2578检视/开启


    在政大典藏中所有的数据项都受到原著作权保护.


    社群 sharing

    著作權政策宣告 Copyright Announcement
    1.本網站之數位內容為國立政治大學所收錄之機構典藏，無償提供學術研究與公眾教育等公益性使用，惟仍請適度，合理使用本網站之內容，以尊重著作權人之權益。商業上之利用，則請先取得著作權人之授權。
    The digital content of this website is part of National Chengchi University Institutional Repository. It provides free access to academic research and public education for non-commercial use. Please utilize it in a proper and reasonable manner and respect the rights of copyright owners. For commercial use, please obtain authorization from the copyright owner in advance.

    2.本網站之製作，已盡力防止侵害著作權人之權益，如仍發現本網站之數位內容有侵害著作權人權益情事者，請權利人通知本網站維護人員(nccur@nccu.edu.tw)，維護人員將立即採取移除該數位著作等補救措施。
    NCCU Institutional Repository is made to protect the interests of copyright owners. If you believe that any material on the website infringes copyright, please contact our staff(nccur@nccu.edu.tw). We will remove the work from the repository and investigate your claim.
    DSpace Software Copyright © 2002-2004  MIT &  Hewlett-Packard  /   Enhanced by   NTU Library IR team Copyright ©   - 回馈