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https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/104243
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| Title: | Informal Social Control of Crime─Modification of Labeling Theory (I) |
| Authors: | 劉梅君
Liu, Mei-chun |
| Contributors: | 勞工研究所 |
| Date: | 1994-03 |
| Issue Date: | 2016-11-23 14:32:46 (UTC+8) |
| Abstract: | 本文旨在說明及檢證非正式社會控制在犯罪防制上的重要性。透過對標籤理論的反省與修正，以突顯非正式社會控制的犯罪防制功能。標籤理論基本上認為對違法者的事後社會標籤行動，會促使其二度犯罪。本文則提出羞恥模型以取代社會標籤模型，以修正標籤理論，並主張社會標籤行動不必然導致犯罪的延續或停止，重要關鍵在(1)標籤的來源與性質；(2)被標籤者的內在羞恥心高低。資料來源根據分別於1974及1975年被美國南加州洛杉磯市警局及郡警局所逮捕到的青少年，對他們所做的連續性追蹤調查（市警局樣本共三次問卷調查，郡警局樣本共二次問卷調查）。為方便分析，乃就二樣本（人數共200人）的前二次問卷進行Panel analysis。研究發現，社會標籤行動是來自非正式綱絡者（如親友、鄰里），其作用會比來自正式網絡者（如警政及社工單位）來的大。至於社會標籤行動是產生正面或負面效果，則視標籤的性質－屬於砥礪規勸者則產生正面影響的可能性大，羞辱排斥者則產生負面的影響。上述研究結果突顯了非正式社會控制途徑在犯罪防制上的重要性。過去政策制訂以正式管道為重心的做法（如增設警力、警備及成立社會性組織），是否切中問題核心值得重新思考。
This paper is an empiricasl study on social control of crime. A shaming model was adopted to modify societal recation model, the central thesis of labeling theory. Specifically, this research posits that societal labeling does not always incur negative consequences, depending upon the nature of labeling, either reintegrating or stigmatzing, internal state of shamability of each individual, and, more importantly, the sources of societal labeling, formal sources (i.e. police and social service personnel) or informal sources (i.e. parents, friends, teachers, peers, etc.).Self-reported panel data were collected at three time points for some juveniles and two time points for others. All juveniles were drawn from the arrest logs of police stations in the Los Angels metropolitan area. Panel analysis was conducted to examine how shaming and other control variables measured at a prior time point relate to subsequent delinquency self-reported at a later time point. Weighted least square regressin was performed and unstandardized regression coefficients reported. The data suggest that, given a higher sense of shamability, reintegrating shaming helps decrease delinquency while stigmatizing shaming increases delinquency. Informal sources of shaming was found to be more important than formal sources of shaming in influencing juveniles behavior, indicating that informal social control can exert a greater influence upon juveniles` behaviors than formal social controls. This finding invites a policy reconsideration -- previous crime prevention efforts were focused upon formal controls to the relative neglect of informal controls. Informal social controls seems worthy of a greater policy attention. |
| Relation: | 國立政治大學學報, 68 part 2,443-466 |
| Data Type: | article |
| Appears in Collections: | [第68期] 期刊論文
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| fb161122105738.pdf | | 1963Kb | Adobe PDF2 | 484 | View/Open |
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