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    Title: 羅馬尼亞自主路線之研究
    Authors: 關向光
    Contributors: 趙春山
    關向光
    Date: 1985
    Issue Date: 2016-11-11 16:47:38 (UTC+8)
    Abstract: 論文提要
    本論文研究目的主要在探討二次世界大戰之後,羅馬尼亞如何逐步脫離蘇聯的控制,而達到某種程度的自主。本論文內容共分六章,分述如下:
    第一章:導論,說明研究目的,界定本文所用「自主」一詞的內涵。
    第二章:說明羅共與蘇聯的早期關係,蘇聯扶植羅共奪權的方式與經過,以及蘇聯對羅馬尼亞的種種控制情形。
    第三章:分析羅馬尼亞自主路線的形成因素。
    第四章:分析自主路線的理論基礎,側重其與蘇聯偏離的情形。
    第五章:分別從歷史文化、經濟、政治、軍事四方面探討自主路線的內涵,分析其限制。
    第六章:結論,對全文作一總結,評析羅馬尼亞實行自主路線的利益、障礙與影響,並展望將來可能之發展。
    序言 壹
    圖表目次 伍
    第一章 導論1
    第二章 羅共與蘇共的早期關係15
    第一節 羅共的成立16
    第二節 一九四四年前羅共與蘇共的關係19
    第三節 羅共的奪權23
    第四節 蘇聯對羅馬尼亞的控制29
    第三章 自主路線的形成49
    第一節 國內環境因素50
    壹 羅共及其領導階層的演變50
    貳 民族主義與羅共政權合法性58
    參 工業化問題63
    第二節 國際環境因素74
    壹 南斯拉夫的先例74
    貳 赫魯雪夫的政策76
    參 中(共)蘇衝突78
    第四章 自主路線的理論基礎101
    第一節 民族103
    第二節 社會主義發展法則108
    第三節 無產階級國際主義111
    第四節 社會主義國際主義119
    第五章 自主路線的內涵145
    第一節 歷史文化方面145
    第二節 經濟方面151
    第三節 政治方面160
    第四節 軍事方面172
    第五節 自主路線的限制180
    第六章 結論209
    附錄221
    參考書目223
    圖表目次

    1 蘇聯國際關係概念型模示意圖112
    2 羅馬尼亞對外貿易分散情形,1958-72年(總貿易額百分比)157

    1 羅共黨員民族組成表,1933年22
    2 羅馬尼亞政治局成員,1945-1960年52
    3 羅馬尼亞政治局委員背景,1957年55
    4 羅共黨員人數,1944-1970年57
    5 羅馬尼亞投資類型(百分比),1949-1955年66
    6 東歐五國工業生產指數,1953-1968年71
    7 蘇聯集團工業總產值年增率,1961-1965年71
    8 保加利亞、羅馬尼亞所有翻譯作品中由俄文譯出者所佔比率,1954-1973年150
    Reference: 壹、中文
    一、書籍:
    1.王曾才,西洋現代史,台北:東華書局,民國65年。
    2.陳治世,學生國際法,台北:漢苑出版社,民國68年。
    3.鄭學稼,第三國際史,上冊,台北:台灣商務印書館,民國66年。
    4.匪俄問題研究中心編,東歐各國共黨,台北:中國大陸問題研究所,民國67年。
    5.世界知識手冊編輯委員會編,1957世界知識手冊,北京:世界知識出版社, 1957。
    6.馬克思恩格斯全集,第四卷,北京:人民出版社,1958年。
    7.斯大林全集,第二卷,第十卷,北京:人民出版社,1953-1954年。
    8.關於國際共產主義運動總路線的論戰,北京:人民出版社,1965年。
    9. Reo M. Christenson et al. (Ideologies and Modern Politics: 1975),張明貴譯,意識型態與現代政治,台北:桂冠圖書,民國70年。
    10. Robert A. Dahl (Modern Political Analysis: 1969),易君博譯,現代政治分析,台北:幼獅文化事業公司,民國66年。
    11. Milovan Djilas (The Unperfect Society: Beyond the New Class : 1969 ),葉蒼譯,不完美的社會,香港:今日世界社,民國59年。
    12. Arnold Toynbee and Veronica M. Toynbee (The Realignment of Europe : 1955 ),勞景素譯,歐洲的重組,上冊,上海:上海譯文出版社,1981年10月。
    二、期刊論文:
    1.尹慶耀,《羅馬尼亞的「自主化」之路》,問題與研究,五卷十二期,民國55年9月,頁55 - 61。
    2.尹慶耀,《東歐的矛盾與煩惱》,問題與研究,五卷九期,民國55年6月,頁52 - 57。
    3.尹慶耀,《多方注目下的羅馬尼亞》,問題與研究,五卷一期,民國54年10月,頁31 - 35。
    4.呂律,《論蘇羅經濟關係》,問題與研究,九卷三期,民國58年12月,頁53 - 57,52。
    5.呂律,《論蘇羅新約》,問題與研究,九卷十二期,民國59年9月,頁37 - 43。
    6.畢英賢,《力求自主的羅馬尼亞》,問題與研究,十卷八期,民國60年5月,頁57 - 61。
    7.畢英賢,《羅共首腦訪問亞洲的目的》,問題與研究,十卷十一期,民國60年8月,頁64 - 69。
    8.畢英賢,《蘇聯與東歐共黨國家的關係》,問題與研究,十七卷八期,民國67年5月,頁40 - 48。
    9.畢英賢,《經互會高峰會議》,問題與研究,廿三卷十期,民國73年7月,頁58 - 66。
    10.畢英賢,《蘇聯的東歐政策》,問題與研究,廿四卷三期,民國73年12月,頁50 - 59。
    三、報紙:
    1.中國時報,民國70年10月28日;72年11月26日;72年11月30日;73年3月4日;73年10月16日。
    2.聯合報,民國73年6月14日;73年10月15日。
    3.人民日報,1973年7月12日;1975年3月30日;1975年5月27日。
    貳、英文
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    63. Korosi-Krizsan, Sandor. “Rumania and the Comintern.” East Europe 15 (Dec. 1966): 13-15.
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    65. Laux, Jeanne Kirk. “Intra-Alliance Politics and European Détente: The Case of Poland and Rumania.” Studies in Comparative Communism 8 (Spring / Summer 1975): 98- 122
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    69. Montias, J. M. “Background and Origins of the Rumanian Dispute with Comecon. ” Soviet Studies 16 (Oct. 1964): 125-151.
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    73. _______. “Reconizing Complexity in Eastern Europe: A Case for a Policy of Differentiation among Communist States.” Asian Perspective 8 (Spring-Summer 1984): 67-84.
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    76. Radu, Michael. “Romania and the Third World: The Dilemmas of a `Free Rider`.” In Eastern Europe and the Third World: East vs. South, pp. 235-272. Edited by Michael Radu. New York: Praeger, 1981.
    77. Rakowska-Harmstone, Teresa. “`Socialist Internationalism` and Eastern Europe-- A New Stage.” Survey 22 (Winter 1976 ): 38-54.
    78. _______ . “`Socialist Internationalism` : Part II.” Survey 22 (Spring 1976): 81-86.
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    88. Sharp, Jane M. O. “Security through Détente and Arms Control.” In The Warsaw Pact: Alliance in Transition? pp. 161-194. Edited by David Holloway and Jane M. O. Sharp. Ithaca, N. Y.: Cornell University Press, 1984.
    89. Shelton, Anita K. “A Bibliographic Essay on National Communism and the Polish October.” East European Quarterly 17 (Sept. 1983): 283-298.
    90. Skilling, H. Gordon. “The Crisis in Eastern Europe Communism: National and International.” International Journal 39 (Spring 1984): 429-455.
    91. Socianu, Horia. “The Foreign Policy of Romania in the Sixties.” In The Foreign Policy of Eastern Europe: Domestic and International Determinants, pp. 167-189. Edited by James A. Kuhlman. Leyden: Sijthoff, 1978.
    92. Socor, Vladimir. “The Limits of National Independence in the Soviet Bloc: Rumania`s Foreign Policy Reconsidered.” Orbis 20 (Fall 1976): 701-732.
    93. Staar, Richard F. “Soviet Relations with East Europe.” Current History 74 (April 1978): 145-49, 184-85.
    94. Sullivan, Scott, and Debbie Seward. “Testing the Kremlin`s Limits.” Newsweek, Oct. 29, 1984.
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    97. Tismaneanu, Vladimir. “The Ambiguity of Romanian National Communism.” Telos, no. 60( 1984), pp. 65-79.
    98. ________ . “Ceausescu’s Socialism.” Problems of Communism 34 (Jan.- Feb. 1985): 50-66.
    99. Valenta, Jiri, “Eurocommunism and Eastern Europe.” Problems of Communism 27 (Mar.-Apr. 1978): 41-54.
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    Ⅲ Government Publications, Magazines, and Newspapers:
    1. Business Eastern Europe, 1984.
    2. The Current Digest of the Soviet Press, April 1982.
    3. The Economist, November 1984.
    4. United States, Department of State. Foreign Broadcast Information Service, Daily Report: USSR & East Europe, 1967-1970.
    5. Intelligence Digest, 1984.
    6. New York Times, March 1970.
    7. Newsweek, May 1985.
    8. Supplement to the Romania Today (Bucharest), 1983-1984.
    Relation: 國立政治大學
    東亞研究所
    碩士
    73
    Data Type: thesis
    Appears in Collections:[東亞研究所] 學位論文

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