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    Title: 一九七九年以後美國對華軍售政策 : 決定因素及過程之研究
    Authors: 林文程
    Contributors: 張京育
    林文程
    Date: 1984
    Issue Date: 2016-11-09 16:07:26 (UTC+8)
    Abstract: 序言1
    第一章 緒論1
    第一節 研究的動機及目的1
    第二節 研究之方法4
    第三節 研究之範圍8
    第二章 美國的軍售政策15
    第一節 美國軍售政策的演變16
    第二節 軍售與美國外交政策之關係24
    第三節 美國軍售之程序32
    第三章 美國對華軍售決策考慮之因素54
    第一節 國際權力結構之因素56
    第二節 影響美國對華軍售之內環境65
    第三節 美國在中共之利益81
    第四節 美國在中華民國之利益90
    第四章 美國對華軍售過程之分析122
    第一節 決策角色之分析123
    第二節 中共影響美國對華軍售之策略132
    第三節 中華民國影響美國對華軍售之努力141
    第四節 個案研究:FX戰機銷售案之分析148
    第五節 「八一七公報」:美國解決對華軍售爭議之模式158
    第五章 結論185
    參考書目193

    附錄一 美國國務院拒售中華民國FX戰機之聲明全文205
    附錄二 美與中共 「八一七公報」全文206
    附錄三 中華民國對美與中共「八一七公報」之聲明全文207

    圖表目次:
    圖一:一九五○至一九七四年美國軍援與軍售之比較19
    圖二:美國對全球之軍備轉移30
    圖三:東亞四元體系關係圖63
    圖四:一九七一至一九七八年美國與中共貿易關係82
    圖五:台灣 250 海浬內中共空軍軍力佈置圖150
    表一:美國軍品銷售審查流程表42
    表二:美國一般大眾對中國問題之態度67
    表三:美國輿論對中華民國與中共之態度69
    表四:美國輿論對美國與中華民國、中共關係之態度70
    表五:美國政治菁英對中國問題態度調查樣本統計表75
    表六:美國政治菁英對美與中共正常化之態度及看法76
    表七:美國政治菁英對美國應與台灣維持何種關係之意見77
    表八:一九五四至一九八二年中美貿易關係91
    Reference: 一、中文部份
    一書籍
    1.中美關係報告編輯小組編,中美關係報告:1980-1981。台北:中央研究院美國文化研究所,民國七○年。
    2.______________________,中美關係報告:1979-1980。台北:中央研究院美國文化研究所,民國六九年。
    3.丘宏達,中美關係問題論集。台北:時報出版社,民國六八年。
    4.李本京編,美國研究論文集。台北:正中書局 • 民國六九年。
    5.易君博,政治學論文集。台北:台灣省教育會,民國六九年。
    6.洪濂德,政治學與現代社會。台北:牧童出版社,民國六八年。
    7.張自發譯:( Hans J. Morgenthau著 ),國際政治學。台北:幼獅文化事業公司,民國六五年。
    8.張保民譯:( Inis L. Claude , Jr著 ),權力與國際關係。台北:幼獅文化事業公司,民國六五年。
    9.紐先鍾,武器銷售與全球戰略。台北:百科文化事業公司,民國七二年。
    10.淦克超譯:( Howard H. Lentner著)。外交政策分析。台北:黎明文化事業公司,民國六八年。
    11.許明雄,美國對華外交政策。台北:黎明文化事業公司,民國七一年。
    12.蔡政文,核子時代國際關係的特質。台北:著者自印,民國六七年,增訂二版。
    13..翟國謹譯:( Robert L. Downen著),八○年代初期中美關係展望。台北:黎明文化事業公司,民國七一年。
    14.關中,美國外交與對華政策。台北:幼獅文化事業公司,民國六六年。
    二論文、短文
    1.王景弘,『尼、周上海公報與雷、趙紀念信函』。聯合報,民國七一年三月三日,二版。
    2.丘宏達,『美國對華政策分析:兼談值得朝野深思的一個問題』,中國時報,民國七一年五月廿九日,二版。
    3.李本京,『中美實關係再評估:台灣關係法的本質及其執行』。問題與研究,第二二卷十一期,民國七二年八月。
    4.李國鼎,『以台灣發展經濟評估中國大陸之經濟現代化』。問題與研究,第十八卷十期,民國六八年七月。
    5.周煦,『西德東進政策的演變與德國模型』。國際關係學報(國立政治大學外交系),第一期,民國六七年。
    6.張京育,『變遷中的國際情勢與我國對外關係』,中央日報,民國七二年元月十二日,二版。
    7.______,『國際政治研究方法的爭論』。國立政治大學學報,第廿九期,民國六三年。
    8.______,『經濟工具與外交政策,以一九七三年至一九七四年阿拉伯石油武器為例』,國際關係學報(國立政治大學外交系),第二期,民國六八年。
    9.______,『國際政治與國內政治』,國際關係學報(國立政治大學外交系),第一期,民國六七年。
    10.章孝嚴,『促進對美實質外交關係』,光復大陸,民國七一年九月。
    11.______,『對美匪聯合公報我們應有之體認』,青年戰士報,民國七一年八月廿六日,十版。
    12.國際現勢週刊社譯,『雷根政府對華政策:雷根政府首任國務卿海格回憶錄』。國際現勢週刊,第一四六六~一四六八期,民國七三年四月二日、九日、十六日。
    13.孫運璿,『中美關係的回顧及展望』。中美技術,第廿六卷一期,民國七○年三月。
    14.彭懷恩,『雷根的大妥協:剖析美國售機案的決策及影響』。時報雜誌,民國七一年元月廿四日。
    15 .______,『中美關係之轉捩點:從錢復駐美談外交突破』,時報雜誌。民國七一年十月十七日。
    16.葉伯棠,『中共與美國關係正常化及當前關係之研究』。國立政治大學學報,第四六期,民國七一年。
    17.傅建中,『歲暮天寒訪錢復』,中國時報,民國七二年十二月廿九日,二版。
    18.謝復生,『如何突破對美外交的逆境』,聯合月刊,第十二期,民國七一年七月。
    二、外交部份
    Books
    1. Aircraft Sales to ASEAN, Hearings before the Subcommittee on International Security and Scientific Affairs and the Subcommittee on East Asia and Pacific Affairs of the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the United States House of Representatives, March 28, 1984, Washington D. C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1984.
    2. Barnett, A. Doak, The FX Decision: Another Crucial Moment in U. S,-China- Taiwan Relations, Washington D.C.: The Brookings Institution, 1981.
    3. _____, U.S. Arms Sales: The China-Taiwan Tanqle (Washington D.C.: The Brookings Institution, 1982).
    4. Carpenter, William M., et al., Long Term Strategic Forecast for the Republic of China, Strategic Studies Center of SRI International, 1980, unpublished.
    5. Carter, Jimmy, Keeping Faith: Memoirs of a President New York: Bantam Books 1982.
    6. Chang King-Yuh, International Politics and International Relations: Some Selected Essay, Taipei: Youth Cultural Enterprises Co., 1983.
    7.______ , (ed.), Western Pacific Security in a Changing Context: Problems and Prospects, Taipei: The Freedom Council, 1981.
    8. China-Taiwan: United States Policy, Hearing before the Committee on Foreign Affairs, House of Representatives, 97th Congress, 2nd Session, August 18, 1982, Washington: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1982.
    9. Choudhury, G. W., Chinese Perception of the World, Washington D.C.: University Press of America, 1977.
    10. Clough, Ralph N., Island China, Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1978.
    11. ______ , East Asia and U. S. Security, Washington D.C.: The Brookings Institution, 1975.
    12. Cohen, Jerome Alan, et al., Taiwan and American Policy: The Dilemma in U. S.-China Relations, New York: Praeger Publishers, 1971.
    13. Collins, John M., Grand Strategy: Principles and Practices, Maryland: Naval Institute Press, 1973.
    14. Corwin, Edward S., The President, Office and Powers 1987-1957, New York: New York University Press, 1957.
    15. Crabb, Cecil V. Jr., Policy-Makers and Critics. Conflicting Theories of American Foreign Policy, New York: Praeger Publishers, 1976.
    16. Crabby Cecil V. Jr., and Holt, Pat M., Invitation to Struggle: Congress, the President and Foreign Policy, Washington D.C.: Congressional Quarterly Inc., 1980.
    17. Dougherty, James E., and Pfaltzgraff, Robert L., Contending Theories of International Relations, Phildephia: J.B. Lippincott Company, 1971.
    18.Downen, Robert L., The Taiwan Pawn in the China Game: Congress to the Rescue, Washington D.C.: The Center for Strategic and International Studies of Georgetown University, 1979.
    19. Gimlin, Hoyt, (ed.), U. S, Foreign Policy: Future Directions, Washington D.C.: Congressional Quarterly Inc., 1979.
    20. Hanks, Robert J., The Pacific Far East: Endangered American Strategic Postion, Cambridge, Massachusetts: Institute for Foreign Policy Analysis, Inc., 1981.
    21. Hinton, Janice M., The Sale of FX Aircraft to Taiwan, Santa Monica, California: The Rand Corporation, 1982.
    22. Holsti, K. J., International Politics: A Framework for Analysis 2nd ed., New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, 1972.
    23. Hsiung, James C., and chai, Winberg, (ed.), Asia and U. S. Foreign Policy, New York: Praeger Publishers, 1981.
    24. Johnson, Stuart E., The Military Equation in Northeast Asia, Washington D.C.: The Brookings Institution, 1979.
    25. Key, V.O. Jr., Public Opinion and American Democracy, New York: Knopf, 1961.
    26. Kintner, William R., and Copper, John F., A Matter of Two Chinas: The China-Taiwan Issue in U.S. Foriegn Policy, Philedephia: Foreign Policy Research Institute, 1979.
    27. Kuan, John C., (ed.), Symposium on R. O. C -U.S. Relations, Taipei: Asia and World Institue, 1981.
    28. Labrie, Roger P., at al,, U.S. Arms Sales Policy Background and Issues, Washington D.C.: American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research, 1982.
    29. Larson, Joyce E., (ed.), New Foundation for Asian and Pacific Security, New York: National Strategy Information Center Inc., 1980.
    30. Lasater, Martin L., Taiwan: Facing Mounting Threats, Washington D.C.: The Heritage Foundation, 1984.
    31. ________________ , The Security of Taiwan: Unraveling the Dilemma, Washington D.C.: The Center for Strategic and International Studies of Georgetown University, 1982.
    32. Muller, Peter G., and Rose, Douglas A., China and Japan Emerging Global Powers, New York; Praeger Publishers, 1975.
    33. Myers, Ramon H., (ed.), A U.S. Foreign Policy for Asia: The 1980s and Beyond, Stanford: Stanford University, 1982.
    34. Nathan, James A., and Oliver, James K., United States Foreign Policy and World Order, Boston: Little Brown and Company, 1976.
    35. Neal, Fred Warner, (ed.), Detente or Debacle: Common Secse in U.S.-Soviet Relations, New York: W.W. Norton and Company, 1979.
    36. Neuman, Stephanie G., and Harkavy, Robert E., (ed.), Arms Transfers in the Modern World, New York: Praeger Publishers, 1980.
    37. Nixon, Richard M., The Real War, New York: Warner Book Inc., 1980.
    38. Oksenberg, Michael, and Oxnam, Robert B., Dragon and Eagle; United States-China Relations: Past and Future, New York: Basic Books, 1978.
    39. Osgood, Robert E., et al., Retreat from Empirt? The First Nixon Administration, Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 1973.
    40. Pierre, Andrew J., The Global Politics of Arms Sales, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1982.
    41. Report on the Taiwan Relations Act the Joint Communique Signed by the United States and China to the Committee on the Judiciary, United States Senate, Made by its subcommittee on Separation of powers, June 1983, Washington: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1983.
    42. Rosenau, James N., Public Opinion and Foreign Policy, New York: Random House, 1961.
    43. Rowe, David N., Ally Betrayed: The Republic of China, Alexandria, Virginia: Western Goals, 1982.
    44.________ , The Carter China Policy: Results and Prospects, privately printed, 1980.
    45. Shaw Yu-ming, (ed.), The Washington-Moscow-Peiping Triangle, Taipei: The Asia and World Institute, 1984.
    46. Sinochev, Nikolai V., and Yakovlev, Nikolai No., Russia and the United States, trans. By Titelbaum, Olga A., Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1979.
    47. Smith, Hedrick, et al., Reagan the Man, the President, New York Macmillan Publishing to. Inc.,1980
    48. Stuart, Douglas T., and Tow, William T., (ed.), China, the Soviet union and the West: Strategic and Political Dimensions in the 1980s, Boulder, Golorado: Westview Press, 1982.
    49. Sutter, Robert, and Mills, William deB., Fighter Aircraft Sales for Defense of the Republic of China, Taipei: Kwang Hwa Publishing Company, 1982.
    50. Taiwan Communique and Separation of Powers, Hearing before the Subcommittee on Separation of Powers of the Committee on the Judiciary, United States Senate, 97th Congress, 2nd Session, September 17 and 27, 1982, Washington D.C. U. S. Government Printing Office, 1983.
    51. Taiwan, Hearings before the Committee on Foreign Relations, United State Senate, 97th Congress, 1st Session, February 5, 6, 7, 8, 21-22, 1979, Washington D.C. : U.S. Government Printing Office, 1979.
    52. Tarley, Philip J., Kaplan, Stephen S., and Lewis, William H., Arms Across the Sea, Washington D.C.: The Brookings Institution, 1978.
    53. Vance, Cyuus, Hard Choices: Critical Years in America`s Foreign Policy, New York: Simon and Schuster, 1983.
    54. Vasey, Lloyd R., (ed.), Pacific Asia and U.S. Policies: A Political-Economical-Strategic Assessment, Honolulu: The University Press of Haiwaii, 1978.
    55. Watts, William, et al., Japan, Korea, and China: American Perceptions and Policies, Lexington, Massachusetts: D. C. Health and Company, 1979.
    56. Weinstein, Franklin B., (ed.), U.S.-Japan Relations and the Security of East Asia, Boulder: Westview Press, 1978.
    57. Wendzel, Robert L., International Politics: Policymakers and Policymaking, New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1981.
    58. Wilcox, Wayne Ayres, Asia and United States Policy, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall Inc., 1967.
    Articles
    1. Albert, E.H., “The Brandt Doctrine of Two States in Germany,” International Affairs, April 1970, pp. 293-303.
    2. Allison, Graham T., “Conceptual Models and the Cuba Missile,” The American Political Science Review, Vol. LXⅢ, No. 3, September 1969, pp. 689-718.
    3. Blechman, Barry M., Nolan, Janne E., and Platt, Alan, “Pushing Arms,” Foreign Policy, Spring 1982, pp. 138-154.
    4. Center for Defense Information, “U.S. Weapons Exports Beaded for Record Level,” The Defense Monitor, Vol, XI, No. 3, 1982, pp. 1-12.
    5. Chang King-yuh, “Partnership in Transition: A Review of Recent Taipei-Washington Relations,” Asian Survey, Vol. XXI, No. 4, June 1981. pp. 603-621.
    6. Chang, Parris H., “China Card or American Card?” Asian Pacific Community, Winter 1981, pp. 119-132.
    7, Copper, John F., “Taiwan’s Strategy and America’s China Policy,” Orbis, Summer 1977, pp. 261-276.
    8. Gelb, Leslie H., “Arms Sales,” Foreign Policy, Winter 1976-77, pp. 3-23.
    9. Garver, John W., “Arms Sales, The Taiwan Question, and Sino-U.S. Relations,” Orbis, Winter 1983, pp. 999-1035.
    10. Hafner, Donald L., “Bureaucratic Politics and Those Frigging Missile JFK., Cuba and U.S. Missiles in Turkey,” Orbis, Summer 1977, pp. 307-333.
    11. Hammond, Paul Y., Louscher, David J., and Salomon, Michael D., “Controlling U.S. Aransfers: The Emerging System,” Orbis, Summer 1979, pp. 317-352.
    12. Huan Xian, “On Sine-U. S. Relation,” Foreign Affairs, Fall 1981, pp. 35-53.
    13. Kanter, Herschel, “The Reagan Defense Program in Early Outline,” Strategic Review, Summer 1981, pp. 27-38.
    14.Katzenbach, Nicholas DeB, “Foreign Policy, Public Opinion and Secrecy,” Foreign Affairs, October 1973, pp. 1-19.
    15.Kindermann, Gottfried-karl, “Washington between Beijing and Taipei: The Restructured Triangle 1978-80,” Asian Survey, Nay 1980, pp. 457-476.
    16, Kintner, William R., “A Strategic Triangle of Two and a Half Powers,” Orbis, Fall 1979, pp. 525-534.
    17. Ku, Joseph, “Furors over U.S. Decision Denying Sales of FX Fighters to Republic of China,” Asian Outlook, February 1982, pp. 12-16.
    18. Louscher, David J., “The Rise of Military Sales as a U.S. Foreign Assistance Instrument,” Orbis, Winter 1977, pp. 93-962.
    19. Mackinder, Halford J., “The Round World and the Winning of the Peace,” Foreign Affairs, July 1943, PP. 595-605.
    20. Pierre, Andrew J., “Arms Sales” the New Diplomacy,” Foreign Affairs, Winter 1981/82. pp. 266-285.
    21. Reston, James B., “The Press, The President and Foreign Policy,” Foreign Affairs, July 1966, pp. 553-573.
    22. Robinson, Thomas W., “Choice and Consequence in Sino- American Relations,” Orbis, Spring 1981, pp. 29-51.
    23. Sondermann, Fred A., “The Concept of National Interest,” Orbis, Spring 1977, pp. 121-135.
    24. Sutter, Robert, “U.S. Arms Sales to Twiwan: Implication for American Interests,” Journal of Northeast Asian Studies, Vol. 1 September 1982, pp. 27-40.
    25. Whittle, Richard, “Reagan Policy Renews Arms Sales Debate,” Congressional Quarterly, April 3, 1982, pp.719-724.
    26. ________ , “Arms to the World: Controls on Arms Sales Lifted After Failure of Carter Policy to Reduce Flow of Weapons,” Congressional Quarterly, April 10, 1982, pp. 797-802.
    Relation: 國立政治大學
    外交研究所
    碩士
    72
    Data Type: thesis
    Appears in Collections:[外交學系] 學位論文

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