政大機構典藏-National Chengchi University Institutional Repository(NCCUR):Item 140.119/100518
English  |  正體中文  |  简体中文  |  Post-Print筆數 : 27 |  全文笔数/总笔数 : 113822/144841 (79%)
造访人次 : 51784688      在线人数 : 427
RC Version 6.0 © Powered By DSPACE, MIT. Enhanced by NTU Library IR team.
搜寻范围 查询小技巧:
  • 您可在西文检索词汇前后加上"双引号",以获取较精准的检索结果
  • 若欲以作者姓名搜寻,建议至进阶搜寻限定作者字段,可获得较完整数据
  • 进阶搜寻


    请使用永久网址来引用或连结此文件: https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/100518


    题名: 新光、鎮西堡原住民部落森林農業 多功能性之研究
    The Multifunctionality of Forest Farming in Indigenous Communities of Smangus-Cinsbu
    作者: 許書騰
    Hsu, Shu Teng
    贡献者: 顏愛靜
    許書騰
    Hsu, Shu Teng
    关键词: 新光與鎮西堡原住民部落
    森林農業
    複合式農林業
    多功能性
    永續發展
    Indigenous Communities of Smangus-Cinsbu
    Forest farming
    Agroforestry
    Multifunctionality
    Sustainable Agriculture
    日期: 2016
    上传时间: 2016-08-22 13:10:16 (UTC+8)
    摘要: 森林農業是一種高山農林混種土地利用方式,國外研究稱「複合式農林業」或「混農林業」,其原理是透過農耕與森林空間的妥適安排,能減緩土壤侵蝕、過度開墾、土壤肥力衰退等負外部性,不會危害山坡地水土保持,同時可生產高品質農產品,維持高山部落原住民基本生活。目前森林農業的土地利用方式,雖適合高山空間不連續的地形,但因現行法規命令對非都市土地使用管制之限制,在編定為林業用地上作農業使用即屬違規超限利用,致使賴以農業維生的高山部落原住民遭受打擊。儘管如此,仍有一群原住民努力透過森林農業營造多功能性試圖打破外界長期對高山農業的誤解。
    新光、鎮西堡原住民部落是森林農業成功典範,推行森林農業與國外複合式農林業類似,這不是新的技術,而是一種回到最古老農耕方式,透過農與林的自然交互作用生產高品質農作物,展現多功能性顯著。然而,新光、鎮西堡原住民部落森林農業逐漸產生成效時,仍難以避免超限利用之指控或質疑。為能釐清此等疑慮,本研究嘗試以多功能性分析框架,檢視新光、鎮西堡原住民部落森林農業,並以資料分析法、現地查勘法及團體訪談法探究森林農業多功能性及森林農業遭遇法令限制,分析檢討目前對森林農業規定有何過當之處,期能提供改善建議,使部落森林農業得以合法發展。
    研究結果顯示,森林農業多功能性顯著。在商品功能面,可使部落族人糧食安全、糧食自給率得以提高,且促進部落休閒遊憩觀光,創造許多就業機會,使離鄉青年逐漸回到部落,亦可提高農民所得;非商品面則包含生態與社會文化功能,前者可增進土壤地力,加強水土保持、預防洪氾、保護水資源提高資源利用永續性、維持生物多樣性;後者則是傳承文化資產、形塑部落生活環境、引導部落發展。
    本研究認為現行政策限制高山部落原住民原有森林農業耕作土地利用模式,原目的是讓森林保留,另一方面卻欲藉著攔砂壩的興建,將高山的土石阻擋下來防止土石流,至今效果不彰,現有攔砂壩沒多久即塞滿,原本水道改變,致非水道處承受不住大雨造成崩塌,且治標不治本,與原住民生活連結性薄弱;相反的森林農業解決大雨時來的逕流、防止土石崩塌所造成災害,並促進觀光旅遊及部落發展,產生多功能性連結,是一種永續發展土地利用模式,應予推廣。
    Forest farming, also called "Agroforestry Composite" or "agroforestry" in overseas studies, is the cultivation of high-value specialty crops. By its proper space arrangements between farming and forest, forest farming can slow negative externalities such as soil erosion, excessive reclamation, soil fertility recession. Besides, forest farming not only conserve soil and water, but also produce natural and high-quality agricultural products. Most importantly, forest farming can maintain the basic livelihood of indigenous people in mountainous communities. Now, although the current land use patterns of forest farming have been doing well in non-continuous mountain terrain, Regulations on Non-urban Land Use Control prohibit people from farming in forestry land. Such restriction makes indigenous people in mountainous communities hard to live, especially for whom depends on forest farming. Nevertheless, there are some indigenous people still making effort to operate the multifunctionality of the forest farming, and trying to break the long-term misunderstand of mountain farming.
    This case study is located in Smangus-Cinsbu Indigenous Communities, which is a successful example of forest farming in mountain areas. Some farmers in this communities use forest farming to produce high quality crops. As their forest farming have been developed, indigenous people take the blame for illegal use of forestry land. Therefore, this study use the analytical framework of multifunctionality to view its forest farming in Smangus-Cinsbu Indigenous Communities. This research adopts methods of data analysis, transect walks, group interviews to explore the limitations and problems of forest farming under current land and soil conservation law and regulations, and finally provide some recommendations regarding forest agricultural development for indigenous communities.
    The result shows that forest farming do well in multifunctionality. First, in the aspect of commodity function, forest farming not only improve food security, but also enhance food self-sufficiency rate of mountain communities. Furthermore, forest farming create many job opportunities, allowing youth to back to the village gradually. As a result, forest farming indirect improve farmers` income. Second, in the aspect of Non-commodity function, forest farming can strengthen soil and water conservation, flood prevention, protect water resources, and improve resource utilization resiliency in dimension of biodiversity. As for social and cultural aspect, forest farming passes down cultural heritage assets, shapes settlement living environment, and guide the development of indigenous communities.
    This study suggests that the current policy limits mountain indigenous peoples’ living in the land use of forest farming. The original purpose of this policy is to reserve the forest by the construction of dams to prevent landslides. However, up to now, it is ineffective, because the dams was filled soon after, and the original watercourse changed, causing non-watercourse collapse under heavy rains. Besides, this dams have weak link with indigenous communities. On the other view, forest farming solve the runoff, prevent soil and rock collapse, which keeps indigenous communities from disasters. Moreover, forest farming can promote tourism and communities development of indigenous people, and generate the links between diversity. Therefore, forest farming is a sustainable land-use patterns, and it is worthwhile to promote.
    參考文獻: 中文文獻
    1. 毛育剛,2002。臺灣農地保護政策之演變。土地問題研究季刊。
    2. 王亞男、劉興旺、趙淑芬,2013。混農林業可行性評估分析-以臺大實驗林為例. 臺灣大學生物資源暨農學院實驗林研究報告。
    3. 王佳煌、潘中道等譯(W. Lawrence Neuman 著),2002。 當代社會研究法。臺北:學富文化。
    4. 王培蓉,2011。原住民在地知識對混農林業的價值。林業研究專訊。頁28-31。
    5. 瓦歷斯‧諾幹,1993。永遠的部落-泰雅筆記。臺北:晨星出版社。
    6. 瓦歷斯‧諾幹、余光弘,2002。臺灣原住民史:泰雅族史篇。南投:國史館臺灣文獻館。
    7. 李光中 (2011a) 鄉村地景保育的新思維-里山倡議。臺灣林業期刊,37(3): 59-64
    8. 李承嘉、廖麗敏、陳怡婷、王玉真、藍逸之,2009。多功能農業體制下的農地功能與使用方案選擇。臺灣土地研究。
    9. 李承嘉,2012,『農地與農村發展政策:新農業體制下的轉向』,臺北市:五南。
    10. 李亦園、徐人仁、宋龍生、吳燕和,1963。「南澳的泰雅人─民族學田野調查與研究(上)」。中央研究院民族學研究所專刊之五』。臺北:中央研究院民族學研究所。
    11. 何欣芳,2010。臺灣原住民地區農業多功能性之研究—以新竹縣尖石鄉石磊部落為例。政治大學地政研究所學位論文。2010。1-153。
    12. 林秋綿,2002。臺灣地區原住民保留地問題初探。臺北:財團法人國家政策研究基金會。
    13. 林朝棨,1966。概說臺灣第四季的地史並討論其自然史及文化史的關係。38集。考古人類學刊。
    14. 周以倫,2007。臺灣農地管理誘因機制之研究。政治大學地政學系碩士論文:臺北。
    15. 徐采資,2013。污染農地整治後再利用之探討-以彰化縣和美鎮為例。臺灣土地研究季刊。
    16. 洪泉湖,1992。臺灣地區山地保留地政策制定與研究。政治大學三民主義研究所博士論文。
    17. 陳怡婷,2008。臺灣農地使用策略調整之研究-以農業多功能性為核心。國立臺北大學不動產與城鄉環境學系碩論。
    18. 張奮前,1962。臺灣山之保留地。臺灣文獻。
    19. 張孟軒、林士淵,2014。原住民農耕區位選取知識之數位化─以尖石泰雅族部落為例。
    20. 孫稚堤、顏愛靜,2014。流域治理與土地倫理之研究─以石門水庫上游集水區的原住民族部落為例。永續國土論文集社會文化篇。政治大學顏愛靜教授60壽慶委員會。
    21. 薛心淳,2012。國有放租林地發展混農林業之研究-以臺大實驗林契約林地為例。政治大學碩士論文。
    22. 劉佩琪,2009,原住民族農地利用與部落發展之研究-以新竹縣尖石鄉泰雅族部落為例。
    23. 顏愛靜,2014。行政院國家科學委員會補助專題原住民地區實施森林農業與多功能性之研究─以新竹縣尖石鄉泰雅族部落為例。(NSC 103-2420-H-004-007-MY3)研究計畫期中報告。
    24. 顏愛靜、楊國柱,2004。原住民族土地制度與經濟發展,臺北,稻香。
    25. 顏愛靜、楊國柱、吳樹叢、鄧華玉、楊鴻謙,1998,臺灣地區原住民各族群土地制度變遷之研究—總論篇,行政院原住民委員會、中國土地經濟學會。
    26. 羅紹麟,2005。臺灣民營森林之永續經營.,森林生態系永續經營研討會論文集。
    27. 謝豪榮、林炤光,1996。林地超限利用對坡地滲透影響之研究。
    28. 財團法人臺灣大學建築與城鄉研究發展基金會宜蘭分會,2015。擬定北泰雅原住民族特定區域計劃草案(原住民族特定區域計畫:以泰雅族鎮西堡部落為例)
    英文文獻
    1. Bene, J. G., H. W. Beall, and Albert Côté. Trees, food, and people,1977. land management in the tropics. IDRC.
    2. Garrity, D. P., 2004. Agroforestry and the achievement of the Millennium Development Goals. Agroforestry Systems 61: 5–17.
    3. Huylenbroeck, Guido Van; Valerie Vandermeulen, Evy Mettepenningen, Ann Verspecht, 2007, “Multifunctionality of Agriculture: A Review of Definitions, Evidence and Instruments,” Living Review Landscape Research, 1, 3. http://www.livingreviews.org/lrlr-2007-3.
    4. King, K.F.S, 1979. Agroforestry: Proceedings of the Fiftieth Symposium on Tropical Agriculture, Royal Tropical Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
    5. Leakey, R.R.B. and A-M.N. Izac, 1996. “Linkages between domestication and commercialization of non-timber forest products: implications for agroforestry.” Domestication and Commercialisation of Non-timber Forest Products. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.
    6. Lundgren B., 1982. Introduction (Editorial).Agroforestry Systems1 Digitization of Indigenous Knowledge of FarmingSite Selection –A Case.
    7. Nair, P.K.R., 1991. “State-of-the-art of agroforestry systems.” Forest Ecology and Management.
    8. Nair. P. K. Ramachandran, 1992. An Introduction to Agroforestry, in cooperation with International Centre for Research in Agroforestry (ICRAF), Kluwer Academic Publishers.
    9. OECD, 1998. Agriculture in a Changing World: which Policies for Tomorrow? Meeting of the Committee for Agriculture at the Ministerial level, Press Communiqué, Paris, 5-6 March.
    10. OECD, 2001. Multifunctionality: towards an analytical framework- summary and conclusions.
    11. Piorr, A., S. Uthes, K. Müller, C. Sattler and K. Happe, 2005. Design of a MEA-compatible multifunctionality concept, Müncheberg: European Commission.
    12. Smith , J , 2010. Agroforestry: Reconciling Production with Protection of the Environment, A Synopsis of Research Literature ,The Organic Research Centre, Elm Farm.
    13. Torquebiau, E. F., 2000. A renewed perspective on agroforestry concepts and classification. Comptes Rendus de l`Academie des Sciences-Series III-Sciences de la Vie, 323(11), 1009-1017.
    14. World Bank, 1991, Forestry Policy Paper, The World Bank, Washington, D.C., USA.
    15. Young, A, 1986. Evaluation of agroforestry potential in sloping areas. In: W. Siderius, ed., Land Evaluation for Land Use Planning and Conservation in Sloping Areas” Wageningen, Netherlands: International Institute for Land Reclamation and Improvement.
    網路查詢
    1. 維基百科網站轉繪新竹鄉尖石鄉位置圖,http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B0%96%E7%9F%B3%E9%84%89,搜尋日期:2014.10.12。
    2. 慣行農業定義,http://library.taiwanschoolnet.org/cyberfair2006/ne94002/c/c-1.htm,搜尋日期:2014.10.12。
    3. 行政院環境保護署,http://edw.epa.gov.tw/docGEMET.aspx?WID=3381,搜尋日期:2014.08.25。
    4. 聯合國森林議題,環境署呼籲各國廣泛發展”綠色農業”,http://www.un.org/zh/development/forest/newsdetails.asp?newsID=11994,搜尋日期:2014.08.25。
    5. Johnson, C, 2006, An Introduction to Agroforestry,http://www.kerrcenter.com/publications/Agroforestry-CJ06.pdf,搜尋日期:2014.08.31。
    6. 臺灣鄉土書目http://localdoc.ncl.edu.tw/tmld/browse_map.jsp?map=0512,搜尋日期:2015.09.25。
    描述: 碩士
    國立政治大學
    地政學系碩士在職專班
    101923013
    資料來源: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0101923013
    数据类型: thesis
    显示于类别:[地政學系] 學位論文

    文件中的档案:

    档案 大小格式浏览次数
    301301.pdf1838KbAdobe PDF2411检视/开启


    在政大典藏中所有的数据项都受到原著作权保护.


    社群 sharing

    著作權政策宣告 Copyright Announcement
    1.本網站之數位內容為國立政治大學所收錄之機構典藏,無償提供學術研究與公眾教育等公益性使用,惟仍請適度,合理使用本網站之內容,以尊重著作權人之權益。商業上之利用,則請先取得著作權人之授權。
    The digital content of this website is part of National Chengchi University Institutional Repository. It provides free access to academic research and public education for non-commercial use. Please utilize it in a proper and reasonable manner and respect the rights of copyright owners. For commercial use, please obtain authorization from the copyright owner in advance.

    2.本網站之製作,已盡力防止侵害著作權人之權益,如仍發現本網站之數位內容有侵害著作權人權益情事者,請權利人通知本網站維護人員(nccur@nccu.edu.tw),維護人員將立即採取移除該數位著作等補救措施。
    NCCU Institutional Repository is made to protect the interests of copyright owners. If you believe that any material on the website infringes copyright, please contact our staff(nccur@nccu.edu.tw). We will remove the work from the repository and investigate your claim.
    DSpace Software Copyright © 2002-2004  MIT &  Hewlett-Packard  /   Enhanced by   NTU Library IR team Copyright ©   - 回馈