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| Title: | 儲蓄課稅觀點談自住不動產之購屋借款利息扣除
Home Mortgage Interest Deduction: Perspective from Taxation on Savings |
| Authors: | 洪以儒
Hung, Yi Ju |
| Contributors: | 陳國樑
Chen, Joe
洪以儒
Hung, Yi Ju |
| Keywords: | 自用住宅
購屋借款利息扣除
儲蓄課稅
owner-occupied housing
home mortgage interest deduction
taxation on savings |
| Date: | 2016 |
| Issue Date: | 2016-07-20 16:57:09 (UTC+8) |
| Abstract: | 近年高漲的房價成為民怨之首，不動產稅制的檢討聲浪又浮上檯面，紛紛將矛頭指向短期投資炒作的交易。「打房」的稅制改革隨著輿論壓力紛起，卻仍老調重彈的圍繞著稅基評價過低、持有稅負過輕等議題，並無通盤檢討不動產稅制之缺漏，欠缺基礎改革的決心。高舉「居住正義」的旌旗，「自用住宅」總成為稅法的例外、改革者的禁地，鮮少有人對於其租稅優惠提出質疑、檢討。
現行稅制下自住不動產稅負較其它資產輕，其中以購屋借款利息扣除及資本利得輕稅之優惠最為明顯。本文利用跨期消費模型分析發現，於此租稅優惠下，個人會改以自住不動產儲蓄，扭曲個人於儲蓄量以及儲蓄管道之選擇，其給予借款利息扣除之優惠，更可能扭曲個人購置自住不動產融資管道之選擇。透過相關資料發現，近年不動產相關債務及自住不動產租稅優惠之使用成長明顯，且其租稅優惠之分配不均，惡化所得稅之累進性，降低其量能課稅之功能。過去文獻亦指出自住不動產購屋借款利息扣除之理論基礎薄弱，甚至不存在，於效率面及公平面皆帶來負面影響，應予以廢除。
Negative public opinions on the boom of housing market pressure the government to come up with measures to tame the high-rising housing price, among different policies, the taxation of real estate is the focus of the debate. Nonetheless, most tax reformers aim at speculative tradings and the holding of high-priced real estates, few rethink the tax preferences on owner-occupied housing.
Through an extended two-period life-cycle consumption model with housing savings, we show that tax preferences on owner-occupied housing distort decisions on which to save. Tax preferences provide incentives for individuals to save more through owner-occupied housing due to the home mortgage interest deduction in personal income taxation. Moreover, the tax-free imputed rents add on the tax preferences of owner-occupied housing. Recent financial data show rising real-estate-related debts and tax returns data show increasing income tax expenditures on owner-occupied housing. Both evidences are consistent with the conclusion drawn from the theoretical model.
Overall, the special tax preferences on owner-occupied housing have negative impacts both on efficiency and equity grounds. The so-called “rationale” of providing preferential tax treatment to owner-occupied housing cannot be justified. The issue at hand is how to reform the tax system in order to remove tax preferences on owner-occupied housing, the sooner the better. |
| Reference: | Andrews, Dan, Aida Caldera Sáchez, and Åsa Johansson. (2011), “Housing Markets and Structural Policies in OECD Countries,” Working Paper No.836, Paris: OECD Publishing.
Cole, Adam J., Geoffery Gee, and Nicholas Turner. (2011), “The Distributional and Revenue Consequences of Reforming the Mortgage Interest Deduction,” National Tax Journal, 64(4), 977–1000.
DeFusco, Anthony A. and Andrew Paciorek. (2014), “The Interest Rate Elasticity of Mortgage Demand: Evidence From Bunching at the Conforming Loan Limit,” Working Papers, Washington, D.C.: Finance and Economics Discussion Series, Federal Reserve Board.
Dunsky, Robert M. and James R. Follain. (2000), “Tax-Induced Portfolio Reshuffling: The Case of the Mortgage Interest Deduction,” Real Estate Economics, 28(4), 683–718.
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| Description: | 碩士
國立政治大學
財政學系
103255007 |
| Source URI: | http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0103255007 |
| Data Type: | thesis |
| Appears in Collections: | [財務管理學系] 學位論文
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