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    题名: 臺灣省教育視導績效評估之研究
    A Study of the Performance Appraisal of Educational Supervision in Taiwan Province, R.O.C.
    作者: 張清濱
    Bin, Chang Ching
    贡献者: 簡茂發
    劉興漢
    Chien Mao Fa
    Liu Hsin Han
    張清濱
    Chang Ching Bin
    关键词: 教育視導
    績效評估
    教育視導績效評估
    Educational Supervision
    Performance Appraisal
    Performance
    日期: 1994
    上传时间: 2016-05-11
    摘要: 在研究旨在探討教育視導績效評估的模式，據以評估教育視導的績效；進而比較分析視導制度、視導組織、視導人力、視導經費、視導角色及視導方式在視導效能、學生表現及工作漢足上的差異；並探求有效預測視導績效的變項，期能尋求教育視導革新的途徑，以改進視導工作，提升教育的品質。
    本研究採用問卷調查法，以自編「臺灣省教育視導績效評估量表」，分視導人員及學校人員兩部分，進行施測。受試者包括台灣省及各縣市教育視導人員126人，問卷回收率達98.41%，高級中等學校406人，問卷回收率達95.07%，國民中學448人，問卷回收率83.92%，及國民小學896人，問卷回收率78.90%。回收問卷經統計分析，獲得以下結論：
    一、不同視導制度在國民中學工作滿足上有極顯著差異。以駐區視導為主、分科視導為輔者比駐區視導為主、職合視導為輔者獲得更高的滿足。兩種不同的視導制度在視導人員及國民小學的視導績效上則未達顯著水準。
    二、不同視導目標取向在國民小學的工作滿足上有顯著差異，亦即教育政策取向優於非教育政策取向。兩種不同的視導目標取向在視導人員及國民中學的視導績效上亦未達顯著水準。
    三、不同視導組織結構在國民小學的視導績效上有顯著差異，亦即非正式化取向在視導效能、學生表現及工作滿足等方面，均優於正式化取向。兩種不同的視導組織結構在視導人員及國民中學的視導績效上未達顯著水準。
    四、不同視導人員年齡在國民小學學生表現及教師工作滿足上有顯著差異，亦即視導人員年齡愈小，學生表現及教師工作滿足愈佳。其他視導人員的人口變項對於視導人員及國民中學的視導績效上沒有達到顯著水準。
    五、不同視導旅費在視導人員工作滿足上有顯著差異。視導旅費愈充裕，視導人員的滿意度愈高。視導旅費充裕與否也會影響國民中學學生表現及教師的工作滿足。
    六、不同視導角色在國民中學的工作滿足上有顯著差異，亦即溝通取向比領導角色在國民中學的工作滿足，但在視導人員及國民小學的視導績效上沒有達到顯著水準。
    七、不同視導方式在視導人員、國民中學及國民小學的視導績效上沒有達到顯著水準，亦即不論民主式或權變式均不造成顯著差異。
    八、不同公文效率在視導人員的工作滿足及國民小學的視導效能和工作漢足有顯著差異。公文效率高，工作滿足也愈高。
    九、教育廳視導人員比縣市視導人員更有自信心，較能表現人性化的特質，工作滿意度也較高。
    十、高級中學學校的視導績效優於國民小學，國民小學的視導績效也優於國民中學。
    十一、各績學校人員的視導績效，主任優於教師，校長也優於教師。視導績效顯現於行政層面，惟教學層面則不甚顯著。
    十二、視導的背景變項、輸入變項及歷程變項對於視導效能、學生表現及工作滿足有交互關係。在各類變項的因素中，視導旅費、視導組織結構、視導制度、視導人員素質及公文效率對於視導績效頗具影響。
    綜觀本研究的發現與結論，研究者提出教育視導革新竹建議，俾供各級機關及學校斟採行：
    一、對教育行政機關的建議：（一）塑造視導人員的新形象，（二）延攬優秀視導人員，（三）實施分科及分及視導制度，（四）運用臨床（診斷式）視導技術，（五）結合教學輔導網，（六）建立績效評估制度，（七）建立教育品質管理系統，（八）強化視導人員的培育與進修制度，（九）增加視導經費及（十）提高公文處理效率。
    二、對學校的建議：（一）擴大校務參與的層面，（二）實施同儕輔導，（三）推展校內教師進修計畫，（四）貫徹「有教無類、因材施教」的辦學理念，（五）加強學生行為之輔導，（六）改進校務評鑑及（七）激勵教育工作熱忱。
    三、對省政府的建議：（一）設置縣市政府教育局督學室，（二）調整縣市政府教育局視導人員編制，（三）訂定省、縣市視導人員的任用基準，（四）暢通視暢人員的升遷管道及（五）改善視導人員的工作環境。
    四、對中央機關的建議：（一）修訂教育人員任用條例，（二）建立視導人員績效本位的考績制度，（三）建立視導人員的酬償制度，（四）提高視導人員的職等及權限及（五）舉辦視導人員高等考試。
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