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    政大機構典藏 > 商學院 > 會計學系 > 學位論文 >  Item 140.119/95918
    Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/95918


    Title: 資訊科技投資對企業生產力變動、生產效率與財務績效影響之研究
    Authors: 吳昱璟
    Contributors: 吳安妮
    吳昱璟
    Keywords: 資訊科技投資
    生產力變動
    生產效率
    財務績效
    IT investment
    Productivity growth
    Production efficiency
    Financial performance
    Date: 2002
    Issue Date: 2016-05-10 15:55:49 (UTC+8)
    Abstract:   隨著資訊科技的技術進步一日千里,資訊科技在企業營運的過程中扮演著越來越重要的角色,企業對資訊科技軟體、硬體的投資支出在近幾年內亦以驚人的速度成長。然而,資訊科技是否能為企業帶來實質的效益,過去的研究存在相當不一致的看法:部分研究的結果肯定資訊科技對組織的貢獻,但也有部分研究顯示資訊科技未能為企業的生產力或財務績效帶來正面的幫助,甚至還有負面的影響,因而有「資訊科技的生產力弔詭」(IT productivity paradox)之說出現。
      本研究為求對資訊科技的效益有更深入、更全面的瞭解,以282家台灣上市公司為研究對象,從生產力變動、生產效率以及財務績效這三個不同的觀點,探討資訊科技對企業所能產生的效益。
      一、資訊科技對企業生產力變動的影響
      此部分研究以生產經濟學中的Cobb-Douglas生產函數為理論基礎,將資訊科技投資視為企業生產投入要素之一,探討其對企業生產力變動是否具有正向的影響。研究結果發現:資訊科技投資不論對企業產出變動、或者單位勞動成本生產力之變動,均具有顯著正向的影響。
      二、資訊科技對企業生產效率的影響
      此部分研究分為兩階段:首先以資料包絡分析法(DEA)計算樣本企業之相對技術效率,再以Tobit迴歸模型探討資訊科技與資訊人員密度對企業技術效率是否具有正向的影響。研究結果發現:資訊科技投資與資訊人員密度,二者對企業的生產效率均具有顯著正向的影響。
      吾人取樣本公司次年之資料計算其次年之相對技術效率,並進行實證研究。發現資訊科技投資對次年的生產效率亦具有顯著正向的影響,顯示資訊科技投資對企業之生產效率,其影響力將可持續一年以上。
      三、資訊科技對企業財務績效的影響
      此部分研究係以迴歸模型,探討資訊科技投資與資訊人員密度對企業之資產報酬率、淨值報酬率及常續性利益率等三項財務績效指標的影響。研究結果發現:資訊科技投資與資訊人員密度,二者對企業之各項財務績效指標均具有顯著正向的影響。
      吾人以次年之財務績效指標資料進行實證研究,發現資訊科技投資對企業次年之資產報酬率、常續性利益率仍然具有顯著正向的影響,對淨值報酬率則無顯著影響,此結果顯示資訊科技投資對企業之財務績效,具有持續一年以上之影響力。
      歸納以上所述,本研究發現:資訊科技投資與資訊人員之密度對企業之生產力變動、生產效率及財務績效均有顯著正向的影響,且資訊科技投資能對企業持續發揮一年以上之效益。
      此外,吾人在敏感性分析中以149家台灣的上櫃公司為研究對象,發現多數假說在上櫃公司群組中均未能獲得支持,與上市公司群組之實證結果存在極大的差異。其原因可能為資訊科技投資具有規模效應,必須達一定之規模方能發揮效果;亦有可能因為上櫃公司之組織成熟度、生產設備完備程度均相對不足,導致無法使資訊科技投資發揮其應有之功能。惟此現象真正的原因,仍有待未來研究者之深入探討。
      This study examines the impacts of information technology (IT) investment on firm`s productivity growth, production efficiency and financial performances. Cobb-Douglas production function is used to examine whether IT has positive contribution on firm`s productivity growth. The study uses Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) to calculate firm`s production efficiency. Then we use Tobit regression to test the relationship between IT investment and production efficiency. Finally, a set of financial performance indicators, which includes return on asset (ROA), return on equity (ROE) and return on sales (ROS), is chosen to examine the impact of IT investment on firm`s financial performances. The sample includes 282 listed companies in Taiwan. The result shows that IT investment is positively related to firm`s productivity growth, production efficiency and financial performance. The benefit can remain longer than one year.
      The sensitivity analysis uses 149 OTC companies as samples to test the relationship between IT investment and business performances. It is found that most of the relationships existing in the listed companies group are not significant in the OTC companies group. Maybe there exists scale effect or learning effect in IT application field, which makes the result so different. It needs further studies to distinguish the real reason.
    Reference: 中文部分
    李東杰,2001,台灣製造業中小企業考量地區特性影響下技術效率與生產力的變化:隨機性統計邊界法與資料包絡分析法之比較,東吳大學經濟學系未出版博士論文。
    吳明璋,1998,再造企業生命力的資訊科技,能力雜誌,第508期:26-32。
    林慶霖,2001,資訊科技基礎建設之服務與醫院技術效率之相關性探討,國立中正大學資訊管理學系未出版碩士論文。
    胡琇娟,2000,銀行業資訊科技應用對經營績效之影響,雲林科技大學資訊管理學系未出版碩士論文。
    連峻慶,2000,主機板廠商經營效率分析及改善之研究,元智大學管理研究所未出版碩士論文。
    陳一如,2000,銀行資訊化程度與其獲利能力之研究,台灣經濟金融月刊,第36卷,第2期:48-61。
    陳永志,2001,使用資料包絡分析法評估我國資訊服務業之經營效率,交通大學科技管理研究所未出版碩士論文。
    陳巧靜,2001,台灣地區製造業生產效率之研究,逢甲大學建築及都市計畫研究所未出版碩士論文。
    陳依蘋,2001,看Oracle如何節省10億美金-談電子化企業的財務角色轉變,會計研究月刊,第189期:60-64。
    陳美純,2001,資訊科技投資與智慧資本對企業績效影響之研究,國立中央大學資訊管理學系未出版博士論文。
    黃金成,2001,科學園區資源投入產出效率和產業引進策略之研究-以DEA和AHP方法分析,國立成功大學國際企業研究所未出版碩士論文。
    葉千瑞,2001,資訊科技基礎建設對企業績效之影響:以台灣與美國為例,國立中正大學資訊管理學系未出版碩士論文。
    賴彥儒,2001,資訊科技起飛知識管理-以台積電為例,管理雜誌,第327期:140-143。
    鍾怡如,1998,開放新銀行設立對舊銀行經營效率的影響,國立政治大學會計學系未出版碩士論文。
    英文部分
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    Sueyoshi, T. 1997. Measuring efficiencies and returns to scale of Nippon Telegraph & Telephone in production and cost analyses. Management Science 43 (6): 779-796.
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    Taylor, D. T. and R. G. Thompson. 1995. DEA best practice assesses relative efficiency, profitability. Oil & Gas Journal 93 (46): 60-64.
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    Description: 碩士
    國立政治大學
    會計學系
    Source URI: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#A2010000489
    Data Type: thesis
    Appears in Collections:[會計學系] 學位論文

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