Loading...
|
Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item:
https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/95720
|
| Title: | 團隊管理在非營利組織運用之研究－以社會福利機構為例
The Application of Team-management in Non-profit Organizations--Case Studies from Social Welfare Organizations |
| Authors: | 張麗君 |
| Contributors: | 孫本初
張麗君 |
| Date: | 2002 |
| Issue Date: | 2016-05-09 16:53:59 (UTC+8) |
| Abstract: | 非營利組織擔負著公共服務提供與傳輸的積極角色，其存在之意義與價值實不容輕忽；尤其是其中之社會福利機構，不論是在過去或現代社會裏，皆有其重要的功能存在。而有些社會福利服務仍然非常仰賴民間機構，如兒童照顧、老人養護、婦女救助、及障礙福利服務等。管理學大師Drucker預測，非營利組織將在未來扮演舉足輕重的角色，且其認為非營利組織比誰都需要管理的理念，因它們更需要借重管理而使其專心一意於使命。
學習更有效的管理模式，可裨益組織提昇其經營績效並達成其目標及使命。今日組織面對複雜變動的環境，團隊合作成為現代社會結合群力、發揮眾人力量之有效途徑，故日益受到各類型組織的重視及運用。不過，迄今學者對於相關團隊理論應用於實務界之研究，似乎仍較少涉及非營利之服務部門；然而Stewart等人認為服務提供者應增加並學習團隊之運用，且其認為在不久的未來團隊於服務部門將為之鼓舞採行。本研究探討團隊管理在非營利組織的運用係指：因使命而建立之非營利組織，在組織中依其事務性質之不同，而形成各種不同之團隊，其經由適當的領導及互動過程，成員彼此間有著良好的溝通情形、決策制定機制、衝突管理、及相互合作，而其領導階層重視人性尊嚴與個人價值，並且注重創新、彈性、授能、肯定與讚賞，以形成榮辱及成敗與共的情感，將關心生產力與關心員工整合到最高水準，則其組織應可呈現良好之績效。非營利組織團隊之建立不僅可締造良好的服務輸送，亦是其組織發展與永續經營之基石，更是服務受益者以及眾人之福。
本研究擬透過相關個案機構之實務運作分析，期能達到下列幾個目的：
一、探討團隊管理之基本概念與相關理論其在非營利社會福利機構之運用情形，如非營利社福機構整體團隊的形成，與機構中所運用之相關團隊類型，及其所採行之領導方式，以及成員彼此間之互動過程等。
二、瞭解團隊管理在非營利社福機構實際運用情形之效益。
三、透過個案機構的訪談分析與資料之檢視，統整理論與實務，探討如何運用團隊管理來進行非營利社福機構之運作，以提昇其組織績效。
本研究在經由理論與實務的探討之後，得知個案機構之運作情形近乎能契合團隊之理論內涵，而其機構亦皆展現了良好的組織績效。由是可知，以團隊進行非營利社福機構之運作，應具有高度之適用性，其不但可以發揮眾人之智，而人人亦將竭盡所能提供有價值的服務，具體展現機構之理念，使機構使命之實踐能更加獲得肯定與支持，裨益機構永續經營。因此，社福機構團隊化應是時勢所趨，無論在大小機構都不能忽視團隊工作的力量。
Non-profit organizations play a positive role in the provision and delivery of public services, and therefore their value and significance should not be overlooked. Among these institutions, social welfare organizations have even more important functions in the society, past or present. Yet, some social welfare services, such as care services to children, elders, women, the handicapped, etc., are still very dependent on non-government organizations. As management master Drucker predicted, non-profit organizations will be playing crucial roles in the coming years and they definitely need management concepts more than any other organization to be bent on their missions.
The acquisition of better management modes enhances the operational effectiveness of the organization and helps achieve its goals and missions. Organizations today are situated in a more complicated and ever-changing environment, and teamwork, as an effective energy from group efforts, has been increasingly adopted and valued by all types of organizations. Yet, so far there are few studies of application of team-management to non-profit service departments. Scholars such as Stewart consider services providers should look into the application of teamwork and that in the near future teamwork will be highly employed in service departments. My studies of the application of team-management in non-profit organizations mainly concern: out of a non-profit organization formed on the basis of a common mission, relevant types of teams are set up according to the differences in property. Under proper leadership and through proper interaction, satisfactory communication, decision-making, conflict management, and cooperation can be achieved among members. Also, the leading rank should attach importance to individual pride and self-esteem as well as innovation, flexibility, empowerment, approval and appreciation to reach a consensus. With this, productivity and concern for employees can be both cared for. For non-profit organizations, through the establishment of high-performance teams, they cannot only provide good services, but also set a foundation stone for their future sustainable development, which is blessing to the recipients of their services and all people alike.
Through the study of cases of the operation of relevant institutions, the following goals are targeted:
1. To explore how the basic concepts and related theories of team-management are actually applied in non-profit social welfare organizations. The establishment of organizations, relevant types of teams, leadership approaches, and interaction among team members are also investigated.
2. To assess the effectiveness of team-management actually applied to non-profit social welfare organizations.
3. Through the analysis of in-depth interviews of case institutions and inspection of materials offered, and through the integration of theories and practices, to explore the application of team-management to non-profit organizations to enhance their performance.
After the exploration of theories and practices, it is learned that the researched institutions, operating well and reaching excellent performance, play roles of teams well. Thus, it can be inferred that team-management can be highly recommended in non-profit social welfare organizations for it can bring out the best in organization members, who thus can offer as valuable services as possible and carry out the ideas of their organizations. This way, the missions of the organizations can be recognized and supported and the abiding operation of the organizations will be possible. Therefore, it is a natural trend to apply team-management to social welfare organizations for teamwork serves a power not to be overlooked whether in large organizations or in small ones. |
| Reference: | 文林譯，R. B. Maddux著，民82，《建立團隊》。台北：麥田出版公司。
白秀雄編著，民90，《e世代非營利組織管理論壇粹編》。台北：白茂榮 社區教育基金會。
白省三，民85，《我國都市發展中公益性團體組織及其運作模式之研究》。台北：中國文化大學中山學術研究所博士論文。
王建忠，民90，《團隊領導與團隊效能：團隊內互動的中介效果》。台北：台灣大學心理學研究所碩士論文。
江明修，民83，《非營利組織領導行為之研究》。台北：行政院國家科學委員會專題研究報告。
江岷欽、林鍾沂編著，民84，《公共組織理論》。台北：國立空中大學。
余佩珊譯，P. F. Drucker著，民83，《非營利機構的經營之道》。台北：遠流出版公司。
李茂興譯，M. J. Stahl著，民89，《管理概論：全面品質管理取向》。台北：弘智文化事業公司。
李弘暉，民86，<團隊原理>，《中國行政評論》，6卷2期，頁73-86。台北：中華民國公共行政學會。
李弘暉，民88，<團隊運作過程對團隊績效影響之研究>，《人力資源學報》，11期，頁1-29。台北：中華民國人力資源發展學會。
李再長譯，R. L. Daft著，民88，《組織理論與管理》。台北：華泰文化事業公司。
李青芬、李雅婷、趙慕芬譯，S. P. Robbins著，民91，《組織行為學》，二版修訂。台北：華泰文化事業公司。
吳定，民85，《組織發展理論與技術》，三版。台北：天一圖書公司。
吳玫瑛、江麗美譯，K. Fisher著，民85，《團隊EQ》。台北：美商麥格羅˙希爾國際公司。
吳嘉文譯，The Mescon Group著，民88，《成功團隊》。台北：洪葉文化事業公司。
林建煌編譯，S. P. Robbins & D. A. De Cenzo著，民88，《現代管理學》。台北：華泰書局。
林哲生，民90，<非營利機構的經營定位>，白秀雄總編著，《e世代非營利組織管理論壇粹編》，頁36-45。台北：白茂榮社區教育基金會。
林瑞唐譯，F. Pacetta & R. Gittines著，民84，《全錄精神 ¾ 化單兵作戰為團隊出擊的奇蹟》。台北：智庫文化公司。
林萬億，民89，《福利國家 ¾ 歷史比較的分析》。台北：巨流圖書出版公司。
官有垣，民89，<非營利組織的決策與指導>，蕭新煌主編，《非營利部門組織與運作》。台北：巨流圖書出版公司。
周文祥、慕心譯，P. F. Drucker著，民87，《巨變時代的管理》。台北：天下文化出版公司。
周月清，民89，《障礙福利與社會工作》，三版。台北：五南圖書出版公司。
周旭華譯，M. Walton著，民87，《戴明的管理方法》。台北：天下文化出版公司。
卓越管理者翻譯小組譯，R. Heller編著，民91，《團隊管理》。台北：台視文化事業公司。
胡幼慧，民85，<質性研究的分析與寫成>，胡幼慧主編，《質性研究：理論、方法及本土女性研究實例》，頁159-170。台北：巨流圖書出版公司。
胡幼慧、姚美華，民85，<一些質性方法上的思考>，胡幼慧主編，《質性研究：理論、方法及本土女性研究實例》，頁141-158。台北：巨流圖書出版公司。
洪明洲，民90，<非營利組織之組織設計與發展>，白秀雄總編著，《e世代非營利組織管理論壇粹編》，頁87-99。台北：白茂榮社區教育基金會。
思穎譯，C. E. Larson & F. M. J. LaFasto著，民85，《追求卓越的團隊趨勢》。台北：業強出版社。
徐世輝，民88，《全面品質管理》。台北：華泰文化事業公司。
許士軍，民78，《管理學》，九版。台北：東華書局。
許世雨，民81，《非營利部門對公共行政的影響》。台北：政治大學公共行政研究所碩士論文。
陳玉娟，民89，《團隊管理及其在國民中小學運用之研究》。台北：師範大學教育學系碩士論文。
陳惠民等著，民87，《高效率團隊：實務操演手冊》。台北：科技圖書公司。
陳金貴，民83，《美國非營利組織的人力資源管理》。台北：瑞興圖書公司。
陳金貴，民85，<美國非營利組織的研究>，《歐美月刊》，11卷6期，頁100-119。
陳金貴，民90，<非營利組織之人力資源管理>，白秀雄總編著，《e世代非營利組織管理論壇粹編》，頁168-176。台北：白茂榮社區教育基金會。
陳家聲，民90，<非營利組織人力資源管理的挑戰>，白秀雄總編著，《e世代非營利組織管理論壇粹編》，頁177-185。台北：白茂榮社區教育基金會。
孫本初，民83，《非營利組織管理之研究 ¾ 以台北市政府登記有案之社會福利慈善事業基金會為對象》。台北市政府研究發展考核委員會委託。
孫本初，民90，《公共管理》，三版。台北：智勝文化事業公司。
孫本初、呂育誠，民85，<從分析單元論團隊的意義及其對公共管理的影響>，《國立政治大學學報》，73期，頁145-177。
孫本初、吳復新、夏學理、許道然編著，民88，《組織發展》。台北：國立空中大學。
孫本初、鄭美華，民88，<公部門團隊建立之研究>，《公務人員月刊》，37期，頁37-46。台北：公務人員月刊社。
張沛元譯，A. Leigh & M. Manyard著，民87，《領導團隊》。台中：晨星出版社。
張潤書，民91，《行政學》，修訂二版。台北：三民書局。
張錫惠，民86，<績效管理>，司徒達賢等著，《非營利組織經營管理研修粹要》。台北：財團法人洪健全教育文化基金會。
梁偉康、黃玉明編著，民83，《社會服務機構管理新知》。香港：集賢社。
梁偉康，民86，《社會服務機構 ¾ 行政管理與實踐》。香港：集賢社。
教育部，民90，《全國文教基金會名錄》。台北：教育部社會教育司。
黃秉德，民86，<決策類型與功能>，司徒達賢等著，《非營利組織經營管理研修粹要》。台北：財團法人洪健全教育文化基金會。
彭懷真，民88，《團隊高績效》。台北：希代出版公司。
曾介宏，民86，《團隊式組織之研究：設計與文化創造的觀點》。台北：政治大學公共行政研究所碩士論文。
楊俊雄，民83，《組織中團隊特性與組織變革關係之研究 ¾ 以我國國營事業民營化為例》。台北：政治大學公共行政研究所碩士論文。
葛中俊譯，J. Spiegel & C. Torres著，民85，《團隊工作的原理 ¾ 經理工作指南》。台北：業強出版社。
鄭瓊芳，民88，《團隊建立法應用於非營利組織運作之研究》。台北：政治大學公共行政研究所碩士論文。
劉曉春譯，G. V. Sluyter著，民88，《提昇組織績效：社會服務領域實務工作指南》。台北：亞太圖書出版社。
盧盛忠、余凱成、徐昶、錢冰鴻著，民86，《組織行為學：理論與實務》。台北：五南圖書出版公司。
簡聰海，民87，《全面品質管理》。台北：高立圖書公司。
藍采風、廖榮利，民83，《組織行為學》。台北：三民書局公司。
蕭麗華譯，C. D. Scott & D. Jaffe著，民82，《授權之道：建立有利的組織氣候》。台北：麥田出版公司。
Adair, J., 1987, Effective Teambuilding. Vermont: Gower Publishing Co.
Aranda, E. K., Aranda, L., & Conlon, K., 1998, Teams: Structure, Process, Culture, and Politics. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, Inc.
Arsenault, A. & Anderson, G., 1998, “Qualitative Research”, in G. Anderson, Fundamentals of Educational Research, 2nd ed., pp. 119-135. London: Falmer Press.
Barnard, C. I., 1938, The Functions of the Executive. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press.
Bass, B. M., 1985, Leadership and Performance beyond Expectations. New York: Free Press.
Bass, B. M. & Avolio, B. J., 1994, Improving Organizational Effectiveness through Transformational Leadership. Thousand Oaks : Sage Publications.
Blake, R. R. & Mouton, J. S., 1964, The Managerial Grid. Houston, TX: Gulf Publishing Co.
Blanchard, K., Carew, D., & Parisi-Carew, E., 1996, “How to Get Your Group to Perform Like a Team”, Training & Development Journal, Vol. 50, No. 1, pp. 34-37.
Burns, J. H., 1978, Leadership. New York：Happer & Row.
Crabtree, B. F. & Miller, W. L., 1999, Doing Qualitative Research, 2nd ed. Newbury Park, CA : Sage Publications, Inc.
Dyer, W. G., 1987, Team Building: Issues and Alternatives, 2nd ed. Menlo Park, CA: Addison-Wesley Publishing Co.
Dyer, W. G., 1995, Team Building: Current Issues and New Alternatives, 3rd ed. Menlo Park, CA: Addison-Wesley Publishing Co.
Fisher, B. & Thomas, B., 1997, Real Dream Teams: Seven Practices Used by World-class Team Leaders to Achieve Extraordinary Result. Boca Raton, Florida: St. Lucie Press.
French, W. L. & Bell, C. H., 1995, Organization Development: Behavioral Science Interventions for Organization Improvement, 5th ed. New Jersey: Prentire-Hall, Inc.
Gaziel, H. A., 1992, “Team Management Patterns and School Effectiveness”, European Journal of Education, Vol. 27, No. 12, pp. 153-163.
Guzzo, R. A., 1995, “Introduction: At the Intersection of Team Effectiveness and Decision Making”, in R. A. Guzzo, E. Salas, & Associates (eds.), Team Effectiveness and Decision Making in Organization, pp. 1-8. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass Inc., Publishers.
Harrington-Mackin, D., 1994, The Team Building Tool Kit: Tips, Tactics, and Rules for Effective Workplace. New York: AMACOM.
Hayes, N., 1997, Successful Team Management. London: International Thomson Business Press.
Hodgkinson, V. A., Lyman, R. W., & Associates, 1989, The Future of the Nonprofit Sector: Challenges, Changes and Policy Considerations. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass Publishers.
Ilgen, D. R., Major, D. A., Hollenback, J. R., & Sego, D. J., 1995, “Raising an Individual Decision-making Model to the Team Level: A New Research Model and Paradigm”, in R. A. Guzzo, E. Salas, & Associates (eds.), Team Effectiveness and Decision Making in Organization, pp. 113-148. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass Inc., Publishers.
Jessup, H. R., 1990, “New Roles in Team Leadership”, Training and Development Journal, Vol. 44, No. 11, pp. 79-83.
Katzenbach, J. R. & Smith, D. K., 1993, The Wisdom of Teams: Creating the High-Performance Organization. Boston, Mass.: Harvard Business School Press.
Larson, C. E. & LaFasto, F. M. J., 1989, Teamwork: What Must Go Right / What Can Go Wrong. Newbury Park, CA : Sage Publications, Inc.
Lee, C., 1990, “Beyond Teamwork”, Training, Vol. 27, No.1, pp. 25-32.
Likert, R., 1961, New Patterns of Management. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc.
McGregor, D., 1960, The Human Side of Enterprise. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc.
McIntosh-Fletcher, D., 1996, Teaming by Design: Real Teams for Real People. Arizona: Irwin Professional Book Team.
McIntyre, R. M. & Salas, E., 1995, “Measuring and Managing for Team Performance: Emerging Principles from Complex Environments”, in R. A. Guzzo, E. Salas, & Associates (eds.), Team Effectiveness and Decision Making in Organization, pp. 37-45. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass Inc., Publishers.
Mears, P. & Voehl, F., 1994, Team Building: A Structured Learning Approach. Florida: St. Lucie Press.
Metcalf, H. O. & Urwick, N. Y. (eds.), 1941, Dynamic Administration, the Collected Papers of Mary Parker Follett. New York: Harpers and Row.
Mohrman, S. A., Gohen, S. G., & Mohrman, Jr., A. M., 1995, Designing Team-Based Organizations: New Forms for Knowledge Work. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
Morris, S., Knasel, E., & Willcocks, G., 1995, How to Lead a Winning Team? London: Pitman Publishing.
Nadler, D. A., Spencer, J. L., & Associates, 1998, Executive Teams. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
Nelson, D. L. & Quick, J. C., 1997, Organizational Behavior：Foundations, Relations, and Challenges, 2nd ed. St. Paul, MN: West Publishing Company.
Ouchi, W. G., 1981, Theory Z. New York: Avon Books.
Parker, G. M., 1990, Team Players and Teamwork. San Francisco, CA: Jossey Bass Publishers.
Quick, T. L., 1992, Successful Team Building. New York: American Management Association.
Schein, E. H., 1992, Organizational Culture and Leadership, San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass Publishers.
Senge, P. M., 1990, The Fifth Discipline：The Art and Practice of the Learning Organization. New York: Bantam Doubleday Dell Publishing Group, Inc.
Sherriton, J. & Stern, J. L., 1997, Corporate Culture / Team Culture. New York: American Management Association.
Shonk, J. H., 1992, Teams-Based Organization: Developing a Successful Team Environment. New York: Irwin Professional Publishing.
Smither, R. D., Houstion, J. M., & McIntire, S. A., 1996, Organization Development: Strategies for Changing Environment. New York: Harper Collins College Publisher.
Stewart, G. L., Manz, C. C., & Sims, H. P., 1999, Team Work and Group Dynamics. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Stoker, J. I. & Remdisch, S., 1997, “Leading Work Teams：Directions for Team Effectiveness”, in M. M. Beyerlein, D. A. Johnson, & S. T. Meyerlein (eds.), Advances in Interdisciplinary Studies of Work Teams: Team Implementation Issues, Vol. 4, pp. 79-96. London: Jai Press Inc.
Strauss, A. & Corbin, J., 1990, Basics of Qualitative Research: Grounded Theory Procedures and Techniques. CA: Sage Publications, Inc.
Tjosvold, D., 1986, Working Together to Get Things Done. Mass.: D. C. Health & Company Lexington Books.
Wolf, T., 1990, Managing a Nonprofit Organization. New York: Fireside. |
| Description: | 碩士
國立政治大學
行政管理碩士學程 |
| Source URI: | http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#A2010000344 |
| Data Type: | thesis |
| Appears in Collections: | [行政管理碩士學程(MEPA)] 學位論文
|
Files in This Item:
| File |
Size | Format | |
|---|
| index.html | 0Kb | HTML2 | 303 | View/Open |
|
All items in 政大典藏 are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved.
|
