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    Title: 台灣的附加勞工效果,1992-2001
    Authors: 朱立群
    Contributors: 駱明慶
    朱立群
    Date: 2002
    Issue Date: 2016-05-09 16:25:47 (UTC+8)
    Abstract:   過去台灣一向以高經濟成長率與低失業率著稱,然而在1990年代末期,受到國內產業結構轉變以及國外經濟情勢的影響,失業率節節升高,2001年8月以後甚至突破5%。由於這一波失業勞工主要集中在負擔家庭生計的中年男性,且失業週數長,因此本研究之目的,就是要探討失業戶長的妻子在喪失主要經濟來源與無法透過借貸等限制下,是否會外出工作或是增加工作時數以減緩丈夫失業所帶來的衝擊。
      本文所使用的資料為1992年到2001年間119個月的「人力資源調查」,並將其區分為低失業率、失業率介於2~3%以及失業率快速上升三個階段,以利於比較不同階段下附加勞工效果的大小。文中利用該統計資料相鄰兩個月以及跨年同月間樣本重複的特性來進行樣本合併,再分別以probit與Tobit迴歸模型分析丈夫失業對妻子勞動狀態與工作時數的影響。
      實證結果顯示,無論採用短期或長期的資料,附加勞工效果均顯著存在,只有長期低失業率階段是例外的,其中以調查時間間隔短的資料較能捕捉到妻子因丈夫失業進入勞動市場的附加勞工效果。在非勞動力妻子短期的勞動供給決策方面,以失業率介於2~3%階段的效果最大,相較於丈夫沒有失業的婦女,丈夫失業的妻子第二期進入勞動市場的機率增加4.6%,每週總工作時數多增加43小時。而長期則以失業率快速上升階段進入勞動市場的機率最大,約4.4%,但總工時僅多增加10小時。此外,就業妻子的勞動供給在三個階段均沒有因丈夫失業而增加。由以上可發現,丈夫失業所產生的附加勞工效果固然存在於台灣的社會,但程度非常小,可見許多失業家庭之生計將受到重大的打擊。
    Reference: 陳昭如 (1998),《臺灣失業的教育結構》,臺灣大學經濟學研究所碩士論文。
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    Description: 碩士
    國立政治大學
    財政學系
    Source URI: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#A2010000431
    Data Type: thesis
    Appears in Collections:[Department of Finance] Theses

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