政大機構典藏-National Chengchi University Institutional Repository(NCCUR):Item 140.119/90567

政大機構典藏-National Chengchi University Institutional Repository(NCCUR):Item 140.119/90567

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政大機構典藏 > 理學院 > 心理學系 > 學位論文 > Item 140.119/90567

請使用永久網址來引用或連結此文件: https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/90567

題名:	工作類型.工作能力及酬賞分配方式對團體中個人工作表現的影響
作者:	程懷琳
貢獻者:	陳皎眉程懷琳
日期:	1988
上傳時間:	2016-05-04 14:31:03 (UTC+8)
摘要:	摘要目錄第一章結論………1 第一節研究動機與目的………1 第二節文獻探討………7 第三節研究問題與假設………22 第二章研究方法………25 第一節研究對象………25 第二節實驗設計………26 第三節實驗程序………30 第四節統計方法………34 第三章研究結果………35 第一節操弄變項的檢驗………35 第二節各細格受試者在工作產量上的分析………38 第三節次要變項分析………44 第四節附帶研究結果分析………50 第四章討論與建議………61 第一節結果摘要………61 第二節討論………63 第三節建議………70 參考書目………75 圖表目錄圖一實驗室簡圖………31 圖二工作類型與能力二因子的交互作用圖………43 圖三工作類型、能力、酬賞三因子在預期他人努力程度上的交互作用圖………48 圖四男性受試工作類型與能力二因子的交互作用圖………53 圖五女性受試工作類型、能力及酬賞的三因子交互作用圖………57 表一高、低能力組受試能力自評的x^2檢定………36 表二表一中x^2考驗的事後比較………38 表三酬賞、工作類型、能力等各組受試者在工作產量上的共變數分析摘要表………40 表四能力、工作類型兩因子在單純主要效果考驗的共變數分析摘要表………41 表五能力、工作類型各個單純主要效果考驗的調節後細格平均數………42 表六工作類型×能力的調節後細格平均數………42 表七工作類型、能力、酬賞等各組受試在預期他人努力程度上的變異數分析摘要表………45 表八工作類型、能力、酬賞三因子在預期他人努力程度上的單純交互作用效果考驗………46 表九工作類型×能力×酬賞在預期他人努力程度上的細格平均數………48 表十工作類型、能力、酬賞三因子在預期他人努力程度上的單純單純主要效果考驗………49 表十一工作類型、能力、酬賞等各組男性受試者在工作產量上的共變數分析摘要表………51 表十二男性受試工作類型、能力兩因子在單純主要效果考驗的共變數分析摘要表………51 表十三男性受試工作類型、能力在工作產量上各個單純主要效果考驗的調節後細格平均數………52 表十四男性受試工作類型×能力的調節後細格平均數………52 表十五工作類型、能力、酬賞等各組女性受試者在工作產量上的共變數分析摘要表………54 表十六女性受試工作類型、能力、酬賞三因子單純交互作用效果考驗的共變數分析………55 表十七女性受試工作類型×能力×酬賞的調節後細格平均數………57 表十八女性受試工作類型、能力、酬賞三因子在單純單純主要效果考驗的共變數分析摘要表………59
參考文獻:	參考書目中文部分林清山 x^2統計法的事後比較，中國測驗學會測驗年刊，民70，第28輯，121-130頁。葉光輝人情取向、分配方式與工作表現，國立台灣大學心理研究所碩士論文，民72。劉英茂基本心理歷程，大洋出版社，民72，96-101頁。英文部分 Adams , J . S . ( 1965) Inequity in social exchange. In L. Berkowitz ( Ed.) Advances in Experimental Social Psychology. Vol. 2, New York: Academic Press . Berkowitz , L., & Walster, E. (1976 ) Equity theory: To-ward a general theory of social interaction. In L. Berkowitz & E. Walster (Eds.) Advances in experimental social psychology (Vol. 9), New York : Academic Press . Biddle , B. J . (1979) Role theory: expectations, identities and behavior. New York: Academic Press. Broverman, I. K., Vogel, S. R., Broverman, D. M., Clarkson, F. E. & Rosenkrantz, P. S.(1972) Sex role stereotypes: A current appraisal. Journal of Social Issues, 28, 59-78. Cottrell, N. B.(1972) Social facilitation. In C. G. McClintock (Ed.) Experimental Social Psychology, New York: Holt, Rinehart & Winston. Deci, E . L. ( 1975) Intrinsic Motivation. New York: Plenum Press. Elliott, G. C. & Meeker, B. F.(1984) Modifiers of the equity effect : group outcome and causes for individual performance. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 46(3), 586-597. Forsyth, D. R.(1983) An introduction to group dynamics .California: Wadsworth. Gabrenya, W. K., Latan?, B. & Wang, Y.(1983) Social loafing in cross - cultural perspective. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 14 ( 3), 368-384. Gabrenya, W. K., Wang, Y. & Latan?, B.(1985) Social loafing on am optimizing task: cross- cultural differences among Chinese and Americans. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 16(2), 223-242. Harkins, S. & Jackson, J. M.(1985) The role of evaluation in eliminating social loafing. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 457-465. Harkins, S. G., Latane, B. & Williams, K.(1980) Social loafing: allocating effort or taking it easy ? Journal of Experimental Social Psychology , 16,457-465. Harkins, S. & Petty , R.(1982) Effects of task difficulty and task uniqueness on social loafing. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 43, 1214-1229. Harris & Joyce (1980) What`s fair? It depends on how you ask the question. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 38, 165-179. Inglham, A. G. , Levinger, G. , Graves, J. & Peckham, V. (1974 ) The Ringelmann effect : Studies of group size and group performance. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 10 , 371-384. Jackson , J. M. & Harkins , S. G.(1985) Equity in effort: An explanation of social loafing effect. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 49(5),1199- 1206. Jackson, J. M. & Williams , K. D.(1985 ) Social loafing on difficult tasks: working collectively can improve performance. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 49(4), 937-942. Kerr, N. L. (1983) Motivation losses in small groups: A social dilemma analysis. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 45(4), 819-828. Kerr, N. L. & Bruun, S. E.(1983) Dispensability of member effort and group motivation losses: free rider effects . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 44( 1), 78-94. Kerr, N. L. & MacCounn, R. J.(1985) Role expectations in social dilemmas: sex roles and task motivation in groups. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 49(6), 1547-1556. Latane, B., Williams, K., & Harkins, S.(1979) Many hands make light the work: the causes and consequences of social loafing. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 37(6), 822-832 . Leventhal, G. S. & Anderson, D.(1970) Self interests and the maintenance of equity. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 15 (1), 57-62. Lepper, M. R., Greene, D. & Nisbett, R. E.(1973) Undermining children`s intrinsic interest with extrinsic rewards: A test of the "over justification" hypothesis. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 28, 129-137. Leventhal, G. S. & Lane, D. W.(1970) Sex, age, and equity behavior. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 15(4), 312-316. Major, B. & Adams, J. B.(1983) Role of gender, interpersonal orientation, and self presentation in distributive-justice behavior. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 45(3), 598-608. Miller, I. W.(1979) Learned helplessness in human: A review and attribution-theory model. Psychological Bulletin, 86, 93-118. Petty, R., Harkins, S., Williams, K. & Latane, B.(1977) The effect of group size on cognitive effort and evaluation. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 3, 579-582. Sanders, G. S., Baron, R. S. & Moore, D. L . (1978) Distraction and social comparison as mediators of social facilitation effects . Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 14, 291-303. Seligman, M.(1975) Helplessness. San. Francisco: Freeman. Smith, R. B.(1983) Why soldiers fight. Part 1 , Leadership cohesion and fighter spirit. Quality and Quantity, 18, 1-32. Stainer, I. D.(1972) Group process and productivity. New York: Academic Press. Swann, W. B., Stephenson, B. & Pittman, T. S.(1981) Curiosity and control : On the determinants of the search for social knowledge. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 40(4), 635-642. Walster, E., Berscheid, E. & Walster, G. W.(1973) New directions in equity research. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 27, 151-176. Williams, K., Harkins, S. & Latane, B.(1981) Identifiability as a Detterrent to Social loafing: two cheering experiments. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 40(2), 303-311. Zaccaro, S . J.(1984) Social loafing: The role of task attractiveness. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 10(1) , 99-106.
描述:	碩士國立政治大學心理學系
資料來源:	http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#B2002005892
資料類型:	thesis
顯示於類別:	[心理學系] 學位論文

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