政大機構典藏-National Chengchi University Institutional Repository(NCCUR):Item 140.119/89107
English  |  正體中文  |  简体中文  |  Post-Print筆數 : 27 |  全文笔数/总笔数 : 113318/144297 (79%)
造访人次 : 51092178      在线人数 : 952
RC Version 6.0 © Powered By DSPACE, MIT. Enhanced by NTU Library IR team.
搜寻范围 查询小技巧：
  • 您可在西文检索词汇前后加上"双引号"，以获取较精准的检索结果
  • 若欲以作者姓名搜寻，建议至进阶搜寻限定作者字段，可获得较完整数据
    •  进阶搜寻
    政大機構典藏 > 傳播學院 > 新聞學系 > 學位論文 >  Item 140.119/89107


    请使用永久网址来引用或连结此文件: https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/89107


    题名: 組織文化與組織公共關係行為相關性探討
    作者: 陳蕙芬
    CHEN, HUI-FEN
    贡献者: 臧國仁
    吳靜吉
    ZANG, GUO-REN
    WU, JING-JI
    陳蕙芬
    CHEN, HUI-FEN
    关键词: 公共關係
    組織文化
    日期: 1992
    1991
    上传时间: 2016-05-02 15:12:04 (UTC+8)
    摘要: 本研究旨在瞭解組織公共關係行為模式與組織文化相關聯的情形。研究可分兩步驟：首先依美國學者古魯尼與杭特(Grunig & Hunt, 1984) 所提出的公關四模式量表，將由國內企業界所挑選出的十二家企業組織，依四模式運作特性區分為三種類型群，分別是：偏媒體宣傳模式群、偏雙向不對稱模式群和偏雙向對稱模式群。第二
    步驟是在三群中各找一家組織代表該行為模式（共計三家），依丁虹（民七十六年）發展的企業文化問卷，測度其企業文化。
    這十二家組織的選取方法是，根據中華徵信所民國七十六年所編「中華民國大型企業排名」，在服務業前一百大和製造業前一百五十大的名單中，調查其公關業務狀況，並據此選取已成立正式公關部室的包括聲寶等十二家企業。
    本研究所使用的統計方法包括集群分析，因素分析，單因子變異數分析，Ｆ考驗，ｔ考驗，雪費事後檢定，皮爾森相關和典型相關等。
    主要的研究結果如下：
    一．依ＳＡＳ套裝軟體中集群分析的群內最小變異法（華滋法），可將由國內企業界挑選出來的十二家組織分為三種類型群─「偏媒體宣傳模式」群，「偏雙向不對稱模式」群，和「偏雙向對稱模式」群。
    二．各群代表組織，組織文化各有其特性：
    甲公司（代表媒體宣傳模式）：
    公司實際的情況是，較偏向傳統式權威管理，不太重視個人生活和經驗，而員工從欲的情況是，傾向公司能有一種人本主義的導向，和主動影響法政環境的精神。
    乙公司（代表雙向不對稱模式）：
    公司實際的情況是，重視「具理想、務實際」的價值觀，偏向團隊參與式的管理方式，並不贊成要順從主管觀點；而員工所欲的情形是，對各個所欲的文化因素都有接近於「同意」的程度。
    丙公司（代表雙向對稱模式）：
    公司實際的情況是，偏向團隊參與式管理，重視「具理想、務實際」和「就事論事、追求創新」的精神，不贊成要順從主管觀點；員工所欲的情形是，傾向公司能有人本主義的導向和彈性分工，上級協調的精神。
    三、三家公司互相比較之下，結果發現：
    公司實際的情況是，除「就事論事、追求創新」和「主動影響法政環境」和「保專集權」因素外，其餘五個因素在不同的公司上都有顯著的差異。甲公司最傾向傳統式權威管理，最不「具理想、務實際」，最順從主管觀點。乙公司最傾向於「具理想、務實際」，最重視個人生活、經驗，丙公司最傾向於團隊參與式管理，最不重視個人生活、經驗。
    員工所欲的情況是，除「彈性分工、上級協調」因素外，其餘七個因素在不同的公司都有顯著的差異，且其差異均達0.01以上的顯著水準。乙公司最不重視「人本主義導向」，最「重視個人生活和經驗」和最重視「各盡本份」，較丙公司重視「秉公持」和「主動影響法政環境」。丙公司最不重視「理性權威」和「視人為工具」和「各盡本份」。
    四．當以公司為單位，作組織內員工組織文化因素與公關四模式之相關探討，簡單相關和典型相關的結果，顯示了都沒有相關。而由員工對公關模式的評分居中的趨勢看來，似乎可推測公司員工對公司公關運作的情形並不甚瞭解。
    五．為了瞭解公司內，員工與公關人員對公關看法有無差異，將各公司內員工與公關人員在四模式上的平均分作ｔ考驗，結果發現，只有甲公司（代表媒體宣傳模式）在媒體宣傳模式上，員工與公關人員有顯著差異。丙公司（代表雙向對稱模式）在雙向對稱模式上，員工與公關人員有顯著的差異。不一致的原因有兩種可能，除了員工對公關運作可能不甚瞭解之外，另一種可能是公關人員可能高估了自己的工作。
    最後，綜合研究結果加以討論並提出若干建議，以供進一步研究與實務界參考。
    參考文獻: 壹.中文部份 丁虹，民七十六年，企業文化與組織承諾之關係研究，台北:國立政 治大學企業管理研究所博士論文。 中華徵信所，民七十八年， (中華民國大型企業排名) ，台北:中華徵信所o 中華徵信所，民八十年， (台灣區企業名錄) ，台北:中華徵信所。 江岷欽，「組織文化研究途徑之分析」，行政學報，第二十一期，民 七十八年六月。 江永森，民七十八年，組織文化與工作滿足及工作績效之關係，台北 :私立文化大學企業管理研究所碩士論文。 李孝悌譯，Vogel , E. F. (1979) , Japan As Number One ，民七十二 年， (日本第一) ，台北:長河出版社o 全耀基，民七十年，人際關餘中人情之分析，收錄在楊國樞主編，民 七十八年， (中國人的心理) ，頁七五到一零四，台北:桂冠出版社。 陳明璋，民七十四年， (組織環境策略結構與效能文獻探討) ，台北 :中國經濟企業研究所o 張藝芬，民七十九年「我國中央政府組織的父共關係運作:以古魯 尼模式描述」，台北:國立改治犬學新聞研究所碩士論文。 尉謄蛟譯， Peters , T. J. & Waterman , R. H. (1982) , In Search of Excellene，民七十二年， (追求卓越) ，台北:長河出版社。 彭文賢，民六十九年， (系統研究法的組織理論之分析) ，台北:聯. 經出版社。 彭文賢，民七十五年， (組織理論) ，台北:三民書局o 威國仁，民七十七年，去關的原理與概念，收錄於孔誠志編著(公 共關係) ，台北:商周文化出版社。 鄭瑞城，民七十二年〈組織傳播) ，台北:三民書局o 黃宏義擇， Deal , T. E. & Kenned, A. A. (1982) , Corporate Culture，民七十四年， (企業文化) ，台北:長河出版社，三版o 黃明堅譯， Ouchi , W. G. (1981) , Theory Z ，民周七十四年， (Z理 論) t 台北:長河出版社，八版。
    貳、英文部份 Acharya, Lalit (1985). "Public Relations Environments," Journalism Quarterly, 64/3: 577-584. Akin, G. & Hopelain, D. (1986). "Finding the Culture of Productivity, " Organizational Dynamics, winter: 19-32. Astley, W. G. & Van de Ven, A. H. (1983). "Central Perspectives and debates in Organization Theory, II Administrative Science Quarterly, 28, 245-273. Barney, J. B.(1986). "Organ izational Culture: Can It Be a Source of Sustained Competi tive Advantage? " Academic of Management Review, 11/3: 656-665. Baskin, O. & Aronoff, C. (1988). Public Relations: The Profession & The Practice, Dubuque, Iowa: Wm C. Brown. Bell, S. H. & Bell, E. C. (1976). "Public Relations: Functional or Functionary?" Public Relations Review, 2, 51-52. Beyer, J. H. & Trice, H. M. (1987). "How an Organization`s Rites Reveal Its Culture," Organizational Dynamics, spring:5-24. Bourgeois, L. J. (1980). "Strategy and Environment: A Conceptual Integration," Academy of Management Review, 5/1: 25-39. Brody, E. W. (1985). "Changing Roles And Requirements Of Public Relations. " Public Relations Review, 11/4: 22-28. Broom, Glen M. (1982). "A Comparison of Sex Roles in Public· Relations," Public Relations Review, 8/3: 17-22. Broom, Glen M. (1986). "Public Relations Roles and Systems Theory; Functional and Historicist Causal Models," Paper presented to the International Communication Association, Chicago, Illinois. Broom, Glen y, & Smith, G. D. (1979). "Testing the Practitioner`s Impact on Clients," Public Relations Review, 5/3: 47-59. Broom, Glen M. & Dozier, David M. (1986). "Advancement For Public Relations Role Models," Public Relations Review, 12/1: 37-55. Brown, B. W. & Moberg, D. J. (1980). Organzation Theory and Management: A Macro Approach, N. Y.: John Wiley & Sons. Buffington, J. (1988).CEO Values and Corporate Culture: Developing a Descriptive Theory of public relations. Unpublished master`s theses, University of Maryland, College Park, MD. Cutlip, S. M., Center, A. H., & Broom, G. M. (1985). Effective Public Relation~, 6th ed., Prentice-Hall. Daft, R. L. (1986). Organization Theory and Design, West Publishing Co. Daft, R. L. & Weick, K. E. (1984). "Toward a Model of Organizations as Interpretation Systems," Academy of Management Review, 9/2: 284-295. David, S. M. (1984). Managing Corporate Culture, chi 1, 3-7. Davis, S. M. (1985). "Culture is Not Just an Internal Affairs," in Gaining Control of the Corporate Culture, edited by A. L. Wilkins et al., San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. Deal, T. E. (1985). "Culture Change: Opportunity, Silent Killer, or Metamorphosis?" in Gaining Control of the Corporate Culture, edited by A. L. Wilkins et al., San Franicisco: Jossey-Bass. Dollinger, J. M.(1984). "Environmental Boundary Spanning and Information Processing Effects on Organizational Performance II Academy of Management Journal, 27/2: 351-368. Downey, H. K., Don Hellriegel, and John W. Solcum, Jr., ( 1975). "Environmental Uncertainty: The Construct and Its Application, "Administrative Science Quarterly, 20, 613-629. Duncan, R. B. (1972). "Characteristics of Organizational Environments and Perceived Environmental Uncertainty," Administrative Science Quarterly, 17, 313-327. Enz, Cathy A. ·(1986). Power and Shared Values In the Corporate Culture, UMI Research Press, Ann Arbor, Michigan. Gagl iardi, P, (1986). "The Creation and Change of Organizational Culture: A Conceptual Framework,1I Organization Studies, 7/2: 117-134. Gorman, Liam. (1987). "Corporate Cul ture." Management Decision` 27/1: 14-19. Grunig, J. E.(1976). 1I0rgan izations and Public Relations: Testing a Communication Theory, II Journal ism Quarterly, 46. Grunig, J. E.(1989). "Symmetrical .Presuppositions as a Framework for Public Relations Theory," edited by Carl H. Botan & Vincent HazletonJr., Hillside, N. J.: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. Grunig, J. E. & Hickson, R. H. (1976). "An evaluation of academic resesrch in public relations," Public Relations Review, 2/1, 31-43. Grunig, J. E. & Hunt, T.(1984). Managing Public Relations, N. Y.: CBS Publishing. Grunig, J. E. & Grunig, L. S.(1989). "Toward a Theory of the` Public Relations Behavior of Organizations. Review of a Program of Research.", in Grunig, J. E. & Grunig, L. A.(eds) Public Relations Research Annual, VoJ .1. Hillside, New Jersey. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. Grunig, J. E. & Grunig, L. S.(1990). "Models of Public Relations: A Review and Reconceptualization," paper presented to the AEJMC convention, Minneapolis. Grunig, J. E. et al.,(1990).(eds), Excellence in Public Relationsand Communication Management: Contributions to Effective Organization. Hrebiniak; L. G. & Joyce, W. F. (1985). "Organizational Adaptation: Strategic Choice and Environmental Determinism," Administrative Science Quarterly, 30, 336-349. Huber, G. P., O`Connell, Y. J., & Cummings, L. L. (1975). "Perceived Environmental Uncertainty: Effects of Information and Structure, II Academy of Management Journal, 18/4: 725-39. Jemison, David B., (1984) "The Importance of Boundary Spanning Roles in Strategic Decision-Making, " Journal of Management Studies, 21: 131-152. Kast, Fremont E. & Rosenzweig, J. E.(1979). Organization and Management: A Systems and Contingency Approach, 3,rd ed. N. Y.: McGraw-Hill Book Co. Katz, D. & Kahn, R. L. (1978). The Social Psychology of Organizations, N. Y.: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Kerr, J. & Slocum, J. W. (1987). "Managing Corporate Culture Through Reward Systems", Academy of Management Executive, "2: 99-108. Kilmann et al., (1985). "Introduction." in Gaining Control of the Corporate Culture, edited by A. L. Wilkins et al., San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. Kinkead, R. W. & Winokur, D., (1991) "Navigating The Seas Of Cultural Change," Public Relations Journa1, November: 14-21, 34. Kluckhohn, Clyde (1951). "The Study of Cu1ture," in The Policy Science, edited by D. Lerner & H. Lasswall, CA: Stanford University Press. Leifer, R. & Delbecq, A. (1978). "Organizational/Environmental Interchange: A Model of Boundary Spanning Activity," Academy of Management Review, 3/1: 40-50. Miles, R. H. (1976). "Role Requirements as Source of Organizational Stress, " Journal of Applied Psychology, 61, 172-79. Neff, B. D. (1989). "The Emerging Theoretical Perspective in PR: An Opportunity for Communcation Departments, I` in Public Relations Theory, edited by Carl H. Botan & Vincent Hazleton Jr., Hillside, N. J.: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. Ott, J. Steven. (1989). The Organizational Culture Perspective, CA: Brooks/Cole Publishing Co. Pavlik, J. V.(1987). Public Relations: What Research Tells Us. Newbury Park, CA: Sage. Peggigrew, Andrew M. (1979). "On Studying Organizational Cultures," Administrative Science Quarterly, 24: 570-581 Reagon, Joey et al., (1990). "Smith`s Public Relations Roles Scale, "Journalism Quarterly, 67/1: 190-194. Robbins, S. P. (1990). Organization Theory, 3rd ed. Englewood Cliffs, N. J.: Prentice-Hall Inc. Rokeach, M. (1973). The Nature of Human Values, N. Y.: Free Press. Sathe, Vijoy. (1985). "How to Decipher and Change Corporate Culture,1I in Gaining Control of the Corporate Culture, edited by A, L. Wilkins et al., San Franicisco: Jossey-Bass. Schein, E. H. (1985). Organizational Culture and Leadership, San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. Schneider, L. A. (1985). "The Role of Public Relations in Four Organizational Types," Journalism Quarterly, 62, 567-576, 594. Schneider, S. C. (1989). "Strategy Formulation: The Impact of National Culture. II Organizational Studies, 10/2: 149-168. Scott, W. R. (1981). Organizations: Rational, Natural, and Open Systems, N. J.: Prentice Hall Inc. Smircish, L. (1983). "Concepts of Culture and Organizational Analysis, " Administrative Science Quarterly, 28: 339-358. Sriramech, K. & White, Jon. (1990), "Culture and Communication: The Impact of Societal Culture on Public Relations," paper presented to the Public Relations Interest Group at the Annual Conference of the International Communication Association, Dublin, Ireland. Strand, R. (1983), "A System Paradigm of Organizational Adaptations to the Social Environment,1I Academy of Management Review, 8/1: 90-96. Thompson, lames D. (1967). Organizations in Action, N. Y.: McGraw-Hill. Wiener, y, (1988). " Forms of Value Systems: A Focus on Organizational Effectiveness and Cultural Change and Maintenance , " Academy of Management Review, 13/4: 534-545. Wilkins, A. L. (1983), "The Culture Audit: A Tool for Understanding Organizations," Organizational Dynamics, Autumn 1983: 24-38. Wilkins, Alen L. & Dyer, W. Gibb., l. (1988). "Toward Culturally Sensitive Theories of Culture Change," Academy of Management Review, 13/4: 523-533. Wilkins, Alen L. & Patterson, K. l. (1985). "You Can`t Get There From Here: What Will Make Culture-Change Project Fail, "in Gaining Control of the Corporate Culture, edited by A. L. Wilkins et al., San Frsncisco: Jossey-Bass.
    描述: 碩士
    國立政治大學
    新聞學系
    資料來源: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#B2002004672
    数据类型: thesis
    显示于类别:[新聞學系] 學位論文

    文件中的档案:

    档案 大小格式浏览次数
    index.html0KbHTML2388检视/开启


    在政大典藏中所有的数据项都受到原著作权保护.


    社群 sharing

    著作權政策宣告 Copyright Announcement
    1.本網站之數位內容為國立政治大學所收錄之機構典藏，無償提供學術研究與公眾教育等公益性使用，惟仍請適度，合理使用本網站之內容，以尊重著作權人之權益。商業上之利用，則請先取得著作權人之授權。
    The digital content of this website is part of National Chengchi University Institutional Repository. It provides free access to academic research and public education for non-commercial use. Please utilize it in a proper and reasonable manner and respect the rights of copyright owners. For commercial use, please obtain authorization from the copyright owner in advance.

    2.本網站之製作，已盡力防止侵害著作權人之權益，如仍發現本網站之數位內容有侵害著作權人權益情事者，請權利人通知本網站維護人員(nccur@nccu.edu.tw)，維護人員將立即採取移除該數位著作等補救措施。
    NCCU Institutional Repository is made to protect the interests of copyright owners. If you believe that any material on the website infringes copyright, please contact our staff(nccur@nccu.edu.tw). We will remove the work from the repository and investigate your claim.
    DSpace Software Copyright © 2002-2004  MIT &  Hewlett-Packard  /   Enhanced by   NTU Library IR team Copyright ©   - 回馈