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Title:	群集樣本具巢狀誤差結構之迴歸分析 Regression analysis for cluster samples with nested-error structure
Authors:	賴昭如
Contributors:	陳麗霞賴昭如
Keywords:	巢狀誤差 F檢定廣義最小平方法最小平方估計法常數配適實際顯著水準檢定力 Nested error F test GLS OLS Fitting-of-constants Sizes of the tests Power
Date:	1998
Issue Date:	2016-04-27 16:40:04 (UTC+8)
Abstract:	分析具有巢狀誤差結構的迴歸模式時，惹忽略隨機誤差項之間的相關性，而採用最小平方(OLS)估計量所導出的標準 F 統計量（以 F<sup>S</sup>表之）進行檢定，會導致過大的型 I 錯誤機率；若將隨機誤差項之間的相關性納入考量，而採用廣義最小平方(GLS)估計量所導出的 F 統計量（以 F<sup>GLS</sup>表之），則計算上會較為繁雜。因此我們藉由轉換方式，將模式轉換成隨機誤差項之間彼此獨立的新模式後，再以 F<sup>S</sup> 進行檢定，其結果與直接以 F<sup>GLS</sup> 檢定相同，且可使計算較為方便。由於模式轉換所需的轉換矩陣為母體變異數的函數，因此當母體變異數未知時，我們以 Henderson 的常數配適（fitting-of-constants）方法來估計之。藉由模擬結果得知，若各段的觀察個數相等，則不論巢狀誤差結構為二段式(two-stage)或三段式(three-stage)，廣義最小平方估計量(GLS)均較最小平方估計量(OLS)表現穩定，且 F<sup>GLS</sup> 在檢定力及實際顯著水準方面的表現也都比 F<sup>S</sup> 好。 When analyzing the regression model with nested-error structure, if the correlations between errors are ignored, and conduting the model adequacy test by the standard F statistic (F<sup>S</sup>) led from the ordinary leastsquares estimator (OLSE) , then the type I error rate will be inflated. However, if the corrlated structure is considered and the model is tested by F<sup>GLS</sup> led from the general least-squares estimator (GLSE) , the calculation will be more complicate. The model can be transformed to a new model with independent random errors and then, tested by F<sup>S</sup> . The result is the same as the one by F<sup>GLS</sup> , also it is more convenient for calculation. Since the transformation matrix is a function of variance components, we estimate variance components by Henderson`s fitting-of-constants when they are unknown. Through simulation, it is concluded that if the observations in each stage of nested-error structure are the same, the GLSE is more stable than the OLSE in both two-stage and tree-stage structures. Also, the power and the sizes of F<sup>GLS</sup> will perform better than those of F<sup>S</sup> .
Description:	碩士國立政治大學統計學系 85354004
Source URI:	http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#B2002002104
Data Type:	thesis
Appears in Collections:	[Department of Statistics] Theses

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