| Abstract: | 檔案館致力於檔案資料的編排描述，將館藏資訊編製成為檔案檢索工具， 以便於使用者檢索館藏檔案，檔案檢索工具已然成為使用者查詢館藏的主要途 徑。隨著網路與資訊科技的進步，檔案檢索工具已從書本或是卡片形式，轉換為 電子形式在網頁呈現，建置成為線上檢索工具或是檔案資訊系統。線上檢索工具 藉由典藏機構網站提供服務，將更便於使用者檢索有興趣的館藏資源。 任何網站資訊檢索系統發揮的效益與網站設計原則息息相關，更重要的是 檔案館線上檢索工具，是否能提供使用者最佳的檔案館藏檢索方式。特別是在檔 案館對於新技術不斷引進之際，實有必要思考檔案檢索工具的本質及其對於使用 者真正發揮的成效。 根據過去檔案使用者研究顯示，使用者在瀏覽線上檔案檢索工具時，往往 歷經館藏層級瀏覽後，迷失路徑；使用者對於檔案館提供的主題標目，經常感到 困惑；也希望檔案館不只是目錄查詢，最好能直接線上顯示數位內容。但最大的 困難則是系統採用很多術語是檔案人員所瞭解，但使用者則未必知悉。顯然檔案 人員慣常以資料為中心取向，進行館藏資源描述，導致編製之檢索工具與使用者 期待有所落差。值此資訊系統不斷發展之際，檔案典藏機構需要根據使用者需求 分析，重新思考檔案系統呈現的資訊方式，以促進使用者能與系統產生更有效的 互動。 因此，如何加強檔案資訊系統的易用性，提供使用者有效率的檢索檔案資 訊系統成為研究重要議題。系統「易用性」（Usability）設計是讓系統能夠符合 使用者的習慣與需求，藉由易用性測試也可瞭解系統容易使用的程度。易用性測 試通常關注系統使用介面，特別是有關使用系統的效益、效率與滿意程度。 本研究主要進行任務取向之系統易用性評估，藉由使用者操作系統之實測 觀察方式，分析使用者檢索歷程與操作過程，再輔以深度訪談方式，探知使用者 對於操作系統的看法與意見。問卷調查表用於系統測試後瞭解使用者對於操作系 統之滿意度。本研究以國內具有指標意義之檔案管理局「國家檔案資訊網」進行 實測分析，瞭解使用者與系統互動之情況，進而探討檔案人員如何設計系統介 面，俾於使用者進行有效之檢索策略。最終，歸納結論與建議，提供檔案資訊系 統功能檢視與改善之參考。
Archives devote countless hours to arranging and describing the collections, and the end product is often called finding aids that are designed to facilitate use of archival collections. Finding aids become the gateway for users to access archival information. As the internet and information technologies develop, archives have moved finding aids from bookshelves and card catalogs into the websites that are named online finding aids or archival information systems. Online finding aids available through repository websites are intended to facilitate the discovery of archival collections in which users might be interested. However, website designers’ design principles can greatly influence the efficiency of information retrieval on any websites. More important, do online finding aids really provide the best means of access to archival collections? The increasing use of technology in the archives is causing many of us to reconsider the nature of the finding aids and its usefulness to our users. According to archival user surveys found that users became lost in the hierarchy of the finding aids, and were confused by subject headings. Users also expected resources to be available online rather than only offer bibliographic information. The most difficulties were that archival terminology was unintelligible to users. In the past, the archivists have often taken a materials-centric approach to depict collections, and that consequently, the finding aids do a very poor job of meeting users’ needs. Increasingly, archival repositories are designing their online finding aids on the web. Archival repositories need to rethinking the display of descriptive information will lead to more effective user interactions, and that reformatting should be based on an analysis of user needs. Therefore, how to enhance the usability of online finding aids so that users can be satisfied with the efficiency of the archives system becomes a critical issue. Usability is associated with the user’s learnability of a system or a product to reach their goals and the user’s satisfaction throughout the process. Usability testing can help to realize how easy-to-use of a system. The majority thinks that usability is related to interface, especially to the efficiency, effectiveness, and satisfaction. This study conducted task-based usability testing, observations, and indepth interviews to obtain users’ perspectives for online finding aids. Questionnaires also were taken to measure the satisfaction of the system after user testing. National Archival Information Retrieval System, established by National Archives administration in Taiwan, will be selected to investigate the usability questions about navigation, access function, display, and terminology of online system. This study provides insights regarding how users navigate archival information system and how archivists might design interfaces that facilitate efficient search strategies. As the result, conclusions and suggestions will be proposed for improving the system function of online finding aids. |
