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    Title: 中央銀行法定準備率政策對國際收支危機影響之探討
    Authors: 梁甫謙
    Contributors: 林柏生
    梁甫謙
    Keywords: 投機性攻擊
    國際收支危機
    Date: 2000
    Issue Date: 2016-03-30 17:41:32 (UTC+8)
    Abstract: 在以往發生國際收支危機時,中央銀行最常採取的因應方式是提高利率。雖然這樣的政策可以減緩投資人的投機性攻擊,進而延緩國際收支危機的發生。但是另一方面,卻也會因為提高利率而造成國內總需求下降,進而使得社會總產出減少。因此,本文便想試著探討中央銀行的其它政策,分析是否有可以達到兩全其美的政策工具。事實上,除了利率政策之外,中央銀行還有一項政策可以使用,即是法定準備率政策。當中央銀行調降法定準備率時,一方面會造成貨幣供給的增加。另一方面,銀行在成本下降的情況之下,會提高存款利率與降低放款利率。而在存款利率提高的情況下,家計單位也會隨之提高存款需求。而當需求增加幅度相對大於供給增加的幅度時,國際收支危機就可以因而延緩。此外,因為降低準備率使得放款利率下降,企業借款的機會成本降低,所以在資金較充裕的情況下,產出自然會增加了。也因此,社會總福利有可能因而提高。
    Reference: 1. Calvo, G., 1987, “Balance of Payments Crises in a Cash-in-Advance Economy,” Journal of Money, Credit and Banking 19, 19-32.
    2. Calvo, G., 1996, “Why is ‘the Market’ so Unforgiving?: Reflection on the Tequilazo ,” mineo, Center for International Economics, University of Maryland, July 1996.
    3. Calvo, G., 1998, “Balance of Payments Crises in Emerging Markets: Large Capital Inflows and Sovereign Governments.” Paper presented at the NBER Conference on Currency Crises, Cambridge, Mass., February 6 and 7,1998.
    4. Edwards, S. and C. Vegh, 1997, “Banks and Macroeconomics Disturbances under Predetermined Exchange Rates,” Journal of Monetary Economics 40, 239-278.
    5. Flood, R. and P. Garber, 1984, “Collapsing Exchange Regimes: Some Linear Examples,” Journal of International Economics 17, 1-13.
    6. Lahiri, A. and C. Vegh, 1997, “Delaying the Inevitable: Optimal Interest Rate Policy and BOP crises,” mineo (UCLA).
    7. Lahiri, A. and C. Vegh, 1999, “Output Costs, BOP crises, and Optimal Interest Rate Policy,” mineo (UCLA).
    8. Krugman, P., 1979, “A Model of Balance-of-Payment Crises,” Journal of Money, Credit and Banking 11, 311-325.
    Description: 碩士
    國立政治大學
    國際經營與貿易學系
    87351007
    Source URI: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#A2002002046
    Data Type: thesis
    Appears in Collections:[國際經營與貿易學系 ] 學位論文

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