Loading...
|
Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item:
https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/81549
|
| Title: | 世界文化遺產法制:國際公約與國內法比較研究
The Legal Norms of World Culture Heritage: A Comparative Study of Domestic Law and International Conventions |
| Authors: | 桑慧芬
Sang, Hui Fen |
| Contributors: | 許耀明
Hsu, Yao Ming
桑慧芬
Sang, Hui Fen |
| Keywords: | 文化遺產
文化資產
文化保護
文化保存
國際公約
cultural heritage
cultural property
cultural protection
cultural conservation
international convention |
| Date: | 2016 |
| Issue Date: | 2016-03-01 10:45:17 (UTC+8) |
| Abstract: | 有視於許多珍貴人類文化資產或因全球化導致文化均質化，或因武裝衝突、發展觀光及環境惡化等因素，面臨毀壞甚至消失的危機，聯合國教科文組織和許多國際組織透過制定及締結國際公約喚起國際社群的關注，凝聚國際間的集體力量，帶動國際文化保護保存的合作，以維護文化的多樣性、推動文化對話及族群相互尊重包容。基於全世界對於文化資產保護的文化共識，1954年《海牙公約》制定至今已逾一甲子，《保護世界文化和自然遺產公約》至今也邁向近半世紀之久，我國1982年公布實施《文化資產保存法》，至今亦已有卅餘年。
本論文研究目的在檢視國際公約有關文化保存保護的歷史發展，及我國現行文化保護保存法規與實務問題。採質性研究、個案研究法，將我國最高行政法院文化資產相關判決整理分析，期從研究發現中獲得文化保護行動的反思與我國修法的參考。
研究發現我國文化法規整體規範尚未包含無形文化遺產的保護保存，此一部分亟待未來立法。此外，現行法規內容及文物分類與國際公約所行方式不同，另一方面，我國文化事務主管機關執行政策時所遇困難，可參酌國際公約與他國現行方式，本於我國文化資產特性與文化整體特色因應調整。除立法修法建議之外，本論文亦從個案分析與比較研究發現，我國對於文化資產保存的概念採物質取向，衍生文化物私權凌駕公權之上的衝突情況，若期文化永續發展，宜將「文化資產」概念轉化為「文化遺產」觀點，從更高的文化哲學層面執行我國文化事務的全面保護保存政策。
Regarding the destruction of many precious human culture, either due to globalization to cultural homogenization, or because of armed conflict, environmental degradation and other factors, the arouse concerns and collective strength of international cultural cooperation led to maintain cultural diversity, promoting cultural dialogue and mutual respect for ethnic coexistence. Based on the world`s cultural consensus for the protection of cultural heritage, firstly the 1954 Hague Convention and consequently the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage Convention, both have built up a well-organised system for culture preservation and conservation. In Taiwan, The Culture Property Preservation Act has also been implemented in 1982.
This paper explores historical development of the relevant international conventions on cultural preservation and protection as well as the existing cultural legislation and practical issues in Taiwan. Drawing upon case studies as qualitative research method, the analysis of twelve cases selected from the highest administrative court judgments illuminates currently controvercial issues and leads to make suggestions of what action of amending should be considered to empower authorities and provide more effective administration to enhance domestic culture policies.
The result of analysis indicates that the intangible cultural norms and regulations have not been viewed as an important issue and legislation for intangible cultural heritage should be put on top priority in national culture development policies. The difficulties encountered while implementing policies of cultural affairs shed lights on central and local hieracheical institutions that the realm of autonomy should be distinctively clarified so that administrative agency could be helpful to solve conflicts and diversities. In addition, the case study and comparison also found that collective rights on the preservation of cultural assets were derived overriding private rights. However, if the sustainable development of culture would be expected then a balance between collective and provate rights on cultural affairs should be taken as legal norms |
| Reference: | 一、 中文文獻
(一) 中文專書
丘宏達，現代國際法，2013年，修訂3版。
李麗芳主編，《水下文化資產保護國際圓桌會議論文集》，臺北:文建會文資總處籌備處，2010 。
(二)中文學位論文
湯炳又，價值優先導入古蹟、歷史建築保存及再利用機制之研究，私立中國科技大學建築研究所碩士論文，2014。
二、 外文文獻
(一)英文專書
ARNOLD, MATTHEW, CULTURE AND ANARCHY (1869/2009).
FOUCAULT, MICHEL, SOCIETY MUST BE DEFENDED (1976/2003).
GEERTS, CLIFFORD, THE INTERPRETATON OF CULTURES (1973).
KÖPPING, KLAUS-PETER, ADOLF BASTIAN AND THE PSYCHIC UNITY OF MANKIND : THE FOUNDAIONS OF ANTHROPOLOGY IN NINETEENTH CENTURY GERMANY (1983).
LASH, S. & URRY, J., ECONOMIS OF SIGNS AND SPACE (1994)
STARKE, JOSEPH G., STARKE’S INTERNATIONAL LAW 67 (1994).
(二) 英文專書論文
Adorno, Theodor W., Culture industry reconsidered, in The CULTURE INDUSTRY (B.N. Bernstein ed. 1993).
Adorno, Theodor W & Horkheimer, M., The Culture Industry: Enlightenment as Mass Deception, in DIALECTIC OF ENLIGHTENMENT: PHILOSOPHICAL FRAGMENTS, trans. EF Jephcott, 120, (GS Noerr ed. 2002)
Hegel, G.W.F., Vorlesungen: Ausgewählte Nachschriften und Manuskripte, vol. 13, in LECTURES ON THE PHILOSOPHY OF SPIRIT, 1827–8 (translated with an Introduction by Robert R. Williams).
von Herder, Johann Gottfried, This Too a Philosophy of History for the Formation of Humanity (Auch eine Philosophie der Geschichtz zur Bildung der Menschheit), in HERDER: PHILOSOPHICAL WRITING 272, (Michael N. Forster ed., 2002).
Miyata, Shigeyuki, Intangible Cultural Heritage Policy in Japan, in ANTHROPOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVES ON INTANGIBLE CULTURAL HERITAGE 82, (L. Arizpe & Cristina Amescua eds., 2013).
Prott, Lyndel V., Some Considerations on the Protection of the Intangible Heritage: Claims and Remedies, in SAFEGUARDING TRADITIONAL CULTURES: A GLOBAL ASSESSMENT 104, (P. Seitel, ed 2001).
Rau, Markus, The UNESCO Convention on Underwater Cultural Heritage and the International Law of the Sea, in MAX PLANK YEAR BOOK OF UNITED NATIONS LAW Volume 6 387, (J. A. Frowein & R. Wolfrum eds., 2002).
(三) 英文期刊
Blake, Janet, On defining the cultural heritage, 49 International and Comparative Law Quarterly 83 (2000).
Eisenhardt, Kathleen M., Building Theories from Case Study Research, 14 (4) The Academy of Management Review 532 (1989).
Frigo, Manlio, Cultural property v. cultural heritage: A “battle of concepts” in international law?, 86 RICI Juin IRRC 369 (2004).
Oxman, Bernard H., Marine Archeology and International Law of the Sea, 12 (3) Columbia-VLA Law & Arts 362 (1988).
Prott, Lyndel & O’Keefe, Paritick J., ‘Cultural heritage’ or ‘cultural property ?, 1 (2) International Journal of Cultural Property 307 (1992).
Scott, Geoffrey R., The Cultural Property Laws of Japan: social, political, and legal influences, 12 (2) Pacific Rim Law & Policy Journal 315 (2003).
Strati, Anastasia, Deep Seabed Cultural property and the Common Heritage of Mankind, 40 (4) International and Comparative Law Quarterly 859 (1991).
(四)德文專書
Adorno, Theodor W., Philosophie der neuen Musik, Gesammélte Schriften Band 12, 1975, S. 39.
三、 網站
「人類重要口傳與無形文化遺產公告計畫」聯合國教科文組織第29會期，網站
http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0011/001102/110220e.pdf#xml=http://www.unesco.org/ulis/cgibin/ulis.pl?database=&set=0056823C41_2_332&hits_rec=5&hits_lng=eng
人類無形文化遺產代表名錄，網站
http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0023/002352/235238e.pdf
「二戰眷村遺跡保衛戰 寡婦樓「屋中屋」要被歷史傳承」，網站http://www.ettoday.net/news/20150221/460659.htm#ixzz3v2yGsOK8
文化部，文化資產類法規，網站 http://law.moc.gov.tw/law/LawCategoryContentList.aspx?id=09
文化部，臺灣世界遺產潛力點，網站http://twh.boch.gov.tw/taiwan/index.aspx?lang=zh_tw
文化部文化資產局，知識典藏室「民俗是甚麼?」，網站http://www.boch.gov.tw/boch/frontsite/cms/articleDetailViewAction.do?method=doViewArticleDetail&menuId=503&contentId=1365&isAddHitRate=true&relationPk=1365&tableName=content&iscancel=true
《文化資產保存法施行細則》，網站http://www.moc.gov.tw/information_309_19939.html
「文化發展政策跨政府會議」對傳統資產定義，聯合國教科文組織，網站
http://www.unesco.org/new/en/unesco/resources/onlinematerials/publications/unesdoc-database/
立法院第8屆第7會期第10次會議文書，院總第1082號，網站
http://www.google.com.tw/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&ved=0ahUKEwjXy_uHlb3JAhUBwZQKHQC5C5cQFggaMAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Flci.ly.gov.tw%2FLyLCEW%2Fagenda1%2F02%2Fpdf%2F08%2F07%2F10%2FLCEWA01_080710_00036.pdf&usg=AFQjCNEwY5f06SowsNOzGZ5nSiiJew3GrQ
「中國文物古蹟修復準則」，網站
http://www.icomoschina.org.cn/uploads/download/20150422100909_download.pdf
世界建築文物保護基金會，網站
https://www.wmf.org
世界遺產公約作業指南，網站
http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0011/001174/117486e.pdf
世界遺產委員會，35 COM 8B.30決議，網站
http://whc.unesco.org/en/decisions/4301
世界遺產公約宣言，聯合國教科文組織世界遺產公約，網站http://whc.unesco.org/en/conventiontext/
世界遺產列表，聯合國教科文組織世界遺產公約，網站http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/
英國樂透收入挹注文化資產保護經費，網站http://www.artscouncil.org.uk/funding/
美國聯邦政府歷史建築審查，網站
http://www.preservationnation.org/information-center/law-and-policy/legal-resources/preservation-law-101/federal-law/national-register.html#.VpCoKOpuljo
《保護和促進文化多元表現形式公約》，網站
http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0014/001429/142919e.pdf
《無形文化資產保護公約》，網站
http://www.unesco.org/culture/ich/en/convention
無形文化遺產特性，聯合國教科文組織，網站
http://www.unesco.org/culture/ich/en/what-is-intangible-heritage-00003
《採取措施禁止文化資產非法進出口及所有權非法轉讓公約》，網站
http://www.unesco.org/new/en/culture/themes/illicit-trafficking-of-cultural-property/1970-convention/text-of-the-convention/
最高行政法院98年度判字第713號判決書，網站
http://jirs.judicial.gov.tw/Index.htm
國防部發布新聞稿說明報載「新竹市寡婦樓遭拆除」乙情，網站https://www.mnd.gov.tw/Publish.aspx?cnid=65&p=64704
《臺北市歷史建築登錄及廢止審查作業要點 》，網站
http://www.laws.taipei.gov.tw/lawsystem/wfLaw_Information.aspx?LawID=P31C2007-20120502
聯合國教科文組織「文化遺產」(Cultural Heritage)解釋與分類，網站
http://www.unesco.org/new/en/culture/themes/illicit-trafficking-of-cultural-property/unesco-database-of-national-cultural-heritage-laws/frequently-asked-questions/definition-of-the-cultural-heritage/ |
| Description: | 碩士
國立政治大學
法學院碩士在職專班
102961032 |
| Source URI: | http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0102961032 |
| Data Type: | thesis |
| Appears in Collections: | [法學院碩士在職專班] 學位論文
|
Files in This Item:
| File |
Size | Format | |
|---|
| 103201.pdf | 2527Kb | Adobe PDF2 | 1050 | View/Open |
|
All items in 政大典藏 are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved.
|
