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    題名: 台灣民眾的政府績效感受與政府信任
    Perceptions of Government Performance and Trust in Government
    作者: 林芳如
    Lin, Fang Ju
    貢獻者: 黃東益
    Huang, Tong Yi
    林芳如
    Lin, Fang Ju
    關鍵詞: 政府績效
    政府信任
    公民滿意度
    政治態度
    government performance
    trust in government
    citizen satisfaction
    political attitude
    日期: 2010
    上傳時間: 2015-12-02 17:01:32 (UTC+8)
    摘要: 政府信任的研究議題受到政治學以及公共行政的重視與關注，乃因在民主政體中，民眾對政府的信任不僅能提升民主代議制度中政府治理合法性，同時也是促進社會整合與凝聚所不可或缺的要素。政府信任的課題，在台灣解嚴之後，更受到討論與重視。國內相關研究指出，台灣民眾對於政府的信任程度係逐漸下滑的趨勢。因此，系統性地探討、分析影響政府信任的因素，進而提出改善不信任或提升信任感的策略或方法，無論從行政學術研究或政府管理的角度，皆有其研究的必要與價值。
    本研究結合績效理論途徑與政治途徑來解釋公共服務品質、公共服務倫理、個人屬性傾向與政治態度對政府信任的影響，並運用實證調查來分析驗證。其研究目的有二：一是期能由理論層次釐清個人屬性傾向、政府績效感受、公民滿意度和政府信任之間的辯證關係；另一則是在經驗層次上將這些概念運作化，透過電話調查抽樣訪問台灣地區20歲以上民眾所蒐集的實證資料予以分析檢證，進而瞭解二項理論在解釋政府信任變異上的程度或殊異。
    研究結果顯示，台灣民眾對政府信任的現況是民眾對於政府機構與成員的信任程度差異並不大，但其中對於立法院與立法委員的信任相較偏低。此外，民眾對公共服務品質與公共服務倫理評價所形成的政府績效感受，正向影響其公民滿意度，以及對中央政府、地方政府與整體政府之信任。而不同政黨傾向、統獨立場與族群認同的民眾，其對政府績效的感受、公民滿意度與政府信任是有所差異。政黨傾向在政府績效感受、公民滿意度與政府信任的解釋力是不容忽視的。最後比較績效理論與政治理論途徑對政府信任的解釋力，則因民眾對政府角色的認知不同而有別，當將政府視為行政運作或公共服務提供者，績效理論途徑解釋力較佳；相對地，將政府視為政治運作實體或特定執政者，則政治理論途徑解釋力較佳。
    整體而言，本研究從公共行政的視野填補目前國內在政府信任研究上之缺口，在理論研究上揭示個體績效理論途徑對政府信任的影響，並經由實證調查驗證民眾對公共服務品質、公共服務倫理的感受，對於公民滿意度與政府信任具有顯著解釋力，並根據研究成果分就研究方法、理論模式與行政實務改革等提出建議。
    Political science and public administration have placed importance on the issue of citizens` trust in government. In the democratic politics, citizens` trust in government can not only strengthen the legitimacy of political and administrative institutions but also benefits for social integration. In Taiwan, researchers have paid more attention to studying in it after abolishing Martial Law and indicated the trust towards decline.
    It`s essential for theory and practice of public administration to investigate the key to trust in government. This dissertation reviews the existing researches and surveys to propose a theoretical framework which consists of performance and political theory. Furthermore, it elaborates the relations among political attitude, demographic factors, perceptions of government performance, citizen satisfaction and trust in government. The data used in this dissertation are taken from a computer-assisted telephone interviewing survey of Taiwanese citizens over the age of 20 conducted in 2010.
    Finally, this dissertation concludes main findings are as follows, first, citizens have a lower level of trust in the Legislative Yuan and legislators. Second, perceptions of government performance, such as public service quality and public service ethic, leads to citizens` satisfaction and trust in government. Party identification significantly affects perceptions of government performance, citizen satisfaction and trust in government. Third, the performance theory is more valid when citizens regard government services and public administration as an important part of government. Otherwise, the political theory has better explanatory power when citizens refer the concept of government to politics.
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