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    題名: 歐巴馬時期美國反恐政策及作為研究
    The Study of Obama Administration`s Anti-Terrorism Policy and Actions
    作者: 李濟威
    Li, Ji Wei
    貢獻者: 邱坤玄
    李濟威
    Li, Ji Wei
    關鍵詞: 九一一事件
    恐怖主義
    恐怖攻擊
    反恐政策
    911 incident
    terrorism
    terrorist attacks
    anti-terrorism policy
    日期: 2015
    上傳時間: 2015-11-02 14:59:30 (UTC+8)
    摘要: 自九一一事件發生後所引發之恐怖主義的威脅與反恐戰爭,明顯的衝擊全球化發展並造成國際間關係的變動與文明衝突的擴大,全球恐怖主義的能量也並未獲得有效遏止,恐怖攻擊事件仍層出不窮;此一影響的時間究竟會有多久,幅度有多大,視恐怖主義威脅持續的時間與程度而定。
    2003年美、英兩國盟軍大舉進軍伊拉克,做為21世紀的第一場戰役。雖然這場戰役的確有其反恐的面向,去除一個國際恐怖主義運作的潛在基地與切斷期大規模毀滅武器的提供管道。但是,更重要的戰略目標還是在調整中東地區的政治現狀與政治改革,以改變伊斯蘭極端主義。但事後觀之,其結果仍是極其有限,這也可以解釋為何從伊拉克戰役後到現在,恐怖攻擊事件在全球各地仍層出不窮地發生。
    後賓拉登時代的美國全球反恐戰略,隨著賓拉登集團的崩解以及阿富汗戰事的結束,美國所要防範的恐怖組織將更零星,所以美國全球反恐的戰略手段逐漸趨向「先制」與「軟實力」影響並重,以因應大環境的轉變。從當前的對付恐怖主義的成果而言,一味運用軍事打擊手段仍不能完全有效的解決此一問題,必須從根本解決恐怖主義所肇生的政治、經濟、宗教及社會因素,而要降低此一全球安全風險,自然也需要世界各國人力與物力充分的動員與行動、相互協調及資訊、資源的交換,才能有效根絕此一人類共同的威脅。
    After 911, the threat of terrorism and the course of anti-terrorism shakes the development of globalization, alters the international relation, and worsens the conflict between different cultural civilizations. The momentum of global terrorism does not seem to be deterred; conflicts and attacks led by terrorists continue to emerge. The effects and scales of the terrorism legacies depend on how long does terrorism strive and to what extent does it strike.
    In 2003, the alliance of the U.S. and U.K. sent troops to Iraq, which marked the first warfare in 21st century. Though the purpose of this war was to eliminate a potential terrorism base as well as to destruct the supply chain of nuclear weapon, the more important military agenda of this war was to adjust the governance within Middle East and to revolutionize its political state in order to change the extremist group of Islam in the area. However, the result of this military course was confirmed to be failed afterwards. Terrorist attacks happen restlessly around the globe dated from the Iraq war until now.
    The anti-terrorism strategy in Post-Bin Laden era emphasizes on the principal of proactive and soft power as the terrorist groups became disorganized and scattered, followed by the fallen of Bin Laden. It made the United States more difficult to prevent and to predict terrorist attack. Take the current result of anti-terrorism as an example, using military action alone on terrorism does not resolve the issue efficiently. To against terrorism, it has to start from the origins of the terrorism, namely the political, economic, religious and social factor. In order to lower the safety risk among the global community, it requires cooperation such as the logistic of goods and services, corresponding movement between states, exchange and share of intelligence information, to eliminate the common enemy of humanity.
    參考文獻: 參考書目
    中文部分
    一、專書
    丹尼斯・匹茲奇維克斯(Dennis Piszkiewicz),國防部譯印,恐怖主義與美國的角力(Terrorism’s War with America: A History)。台北:國防部部長辦公室,2007年。
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    二、期刊論文
    于仁壽,「美伊戰爭的意識型態與歷史動因」。台南應用科技大學通識教育學刊,第10期(2011年1月),頁135~154。
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    王崑義,「美國的反恐怖主義與國際安全---兼論九一一事件以後台海兩岸的處境」。遠景基金會季刊,第3卷第2期(2002年1月),頁137~184。
    汪毓瑋,「未來我國國土安全機關組織與人力資源整合研究」。國家菁英季刊,第3卷第2期,(2007年6月),頁51~82。
    林正義,「美國因應九一一事件的危機處理」。戰略與國際研究季刊,第4卷第1期(2001年1月),頁108~127。
    林泰和,「國際恐怖主義的資金流動」。問題與研究,第50卷第1期(100年3月),頁97~141。
    袁鵬,「美國站在戰略十字路口」。現代國際關係,2006年第9期,頁33~35。
    張中勇,「美國對恐怖主義的對策」。美國月刊,第8卷第2期(1993年2月),頁101~114。
    張中勇,「國際恐怖主義的演變與發展」。戰略與國際研究季刊,第4卷第1期,頁1~58。
    張曼,「反恐金融戰 防患於未然」。中國金融家,2011年第6期,頁98~99。
    張梅琳,「金融反恐問題研究」。上海經濟研究,2006年第12期,頁62~69。
    張梅琳、牛樹成,「國際金融反恐現狀與問題」。國際商務研究,2007 年第3期,頁41~46。
    郭憲綱,「美國全球戰略的重心轉移」。國際問題研究,2003年第2期,頁17~22。
    熊玠,「美國開戰後的安全戰略走向」。中國評論,第47期(2001年11月),頁12~17。
    趙忠傑、管怡聲,「從小布希到歐巴馬時期美國反恐戰略變遷之研究」。國防雜誌,第26卷第3期(2011年6月),頁83~87。
    鄭端耀,「布希政府安全戰略發展評析」。遠景基金會季刊,第4卷第2期(2003年),頁1~33。
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    三、網路專文
    「九一一九週年歐巴馬:美國永不與伊斯蘭交戰」,自由時報電子報, http://www.libertytimes.com.tw/2010/new/sep/12/today-int.htm(檢閱於2015年6月12日)
    「美國務院 2002年全球恐怖主義形勢報告」。http://www.cetin.net.cn/storage/dongtai/xw/2003/05/2003-a-5-6-3.htm(檢閱於2015年5月21日)
    「美國經濟令人關注」,聯合報。http://www.zaobao.com/cgi-bin/asianet/gb2big5/g2b.pl?/special/us/pages1/attack140901y.html(檢閱於2015年5月20日)
    「歐巴馬重新定調反恐戰 宣布減少使用無人機」,自由電子報。http://news.ltn.com.tw/news/world/paper/682301(檢閱於2013年11月25日)
    汪毓瑋,「恐怖分子金融與美國反制作為之研究」。http://trc.cpu.edu.tw/ezfiles/93/1093/img/325/997213.pdf(檢閱於2015年5月15日)
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    翁耀南,「認識美國國土安全部成立與運作」,台灣法律網。 http://www.lawtw.com/article.php?template=articlecontent&area=freebrowse&parent_path=,1,188.&job_id=41985&article_category id=1200&article id=17415(檢閱於2015年5月15日)
    陳有為,「布希發動反恐怖戰爭的兩手策略」。http://www.zaobao.com/cgi-bin/asianet/gb2big5/g2b.pl?/special/us/pages1/attack280901t.html(檢閱於2015年4月2日)
    劉衛東,「愛國者法及其對美國公民權利的影響」。http://merln.ndu/whiteppapers/USnss2002. pdf(檢閱於2015年5月18日)
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    譚中,「九一一陰影下的美國」。http://www.zaobao.com/cgi-bin/asianet/gb2big5/g2b.pl?/special/us/pages1/attack210901r.html(檢閱於2015年5月20日)
    蘇佩秋,「全世界齊心對抗恐怖主義」。http://www.ait.org.tw/ait/terrorism/slutz_c.html(檢閱於2015年5月20日)
    四、報紙專文
    「九一一前布希政府犯四大錯誤」,聯合報,2002年5月21日,10版。
    「美國成立九一一調查委員會 季辛吉主持」,中國時報,2002年11月29日,10版。
    「錢尼表示戰爭 9 月 12 日就此展開」,聯合報,2001年10月14日,A6版。
    英文部分
    一、專書
    Bush, George W. The Department of Homeland Security. Washington D.C.: The White House, 2002.
    Mann, James. Rise of the Vulcan: The History of Bush’s War Cabinet. New York: Viking, 2004.
    二、期刊論文
    Dibb, Paul “The Future of International Coalition: How Useful? How Manageable?” The Washington Quarterly, Vol. 25, No. 2 ( Spring 2002 ), pp. 131-144.
    Singer, P.W. “America and the Islamic World.” Current History, Vol.101, No. 658 ( November 2002 ), pp. 355-356.
    三、網路專文
    “A Smart Power Approach to Counterterrorism.” http://www.state.gov/r/pa/prs/ps/2011/09/172044.htm ( accessed June 15, 2015 )
    “Ausschuss im EU-Parlament billigt SWIFT-Abkommen.” http://www.welt.de/politik/ausland/article8326300/Ausschuss-im-EU-Parlament-billigt-Swift-Abkommen.html ( accessed June 7, 2015 )
    “Commemorating the 10th anniversary of 9/11.” http://mobile.europol.europa.eu/content/news/commemorating-10th-anniversary-911-1063 ( accessed May 25, 2015 )
    “Cyberspace Policy Review: Assuring a Trusted and Resilient Information and Communication Infrastructure.” http://www.whitehouse.gov/assets/document/Cyberspace_Policy_Review_fina;.pdf ( accessed June 15, 2015 )
    “For the 2006 National Strategy for Combating Terrorism.” http://www.whitehouse.gov/nsc/nsct/2006/nsct2006.pdf ( accessed May 22, 2015 )
    “For Whom the Liberty Bell Tolls.” The Economist. http://www.economist.com/node/1301751 ( accessed May 16, 2015 )
    “Presidential Proclamation-Critical Infrastruction Protection Month.” http://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/presidential-proclamation-critical-infrastructure-protection-month ( accessed June 15, 2015 )
    “Presidential Security Directive 1: Organizing for Homeland Security and Counterterrorism.” http://www.fas.org/irp/offdocs/psd/psd-1.pdf ( accessed June13, 2015 )
    Benjamin, Daniel. “FPC Briefing.” http:/fpc.state.gov/151048.htm ( accessed June 1, 2015 )
    Benjamin, Daniel. “International Counterterrorism Policy in the Obama Administration.” http://www.state.gov/s/ct/rls/rm/2009/133337.htm ( accessed May 25, 2015 )
    Benjamin, Daniel. “National Strategy for Counterterrorism.” http://www.state.gov/s/ct/rls/rm/2011/169022.htm ( accessed June 9, 2015 )
    Benjamin, Daniel. “The State Department’s Counterterrorism Office:Budget,Reorganization, Polices.” http://www.state.gov/j/ct/rls/rm/2011/160853.htm ( accessed June 5, 2015 )
    Benjamin, Daniel. “U.S Counterterrorism Strategy in Yemen, U.S Institute of Peace.” http://www.america.gov/st/texttransenglish/2010/September/20100921102940su0.8924829.html ( accessed May 29, 2015 )
    Bush, George W. “Securing the Homeland, Strengthening the Nation.” http://www.whitehouse.gov/president/ ( accessed May 20, 2015 )
    Bush, George W. “The Department of Homeland Security.” http//www.witehouse.gov/deptofhomeland/book.pdf ( accessed November 4, 2014 )
    Bush, George W. Bush. “The National Security Strategy of the United States of America.” http://www.mtholyoke.edca/intrel/bush/doctrine.htm ( accessed May15, 2015 )
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    Farah, Douglas. “Analysis of the Spanish Suicide Bombers Case.” http://nefafoundation.org/miscellaneous/nefaspainmartyrs08.pdf ( accessed June 4, 2015 )
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    Moteff, John D. “Critical Infrastructure: Background, Policy, and Implementation.” http://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/homesec/RL30153.pdf ( accessed June7, 2015 )
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    “Member States Agree Thirty Crimes of EU Arrest Warrant.” European Report. November 17, 2001.
    Bush, George W. “President Bush`s Address on Terrorism Before a Joint Meeting of Congress.” The New York Times, September 21, 2001.
    Waugh, Paul “Terror Suspects to be Rounded Up Under New Law.” Independent. December 15, 2001.
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    Office of Homeland Security. “National Strategy for Homeland Security.” http://www.dhs.gov/xlibrary/ assets/nat_strat_hls.pdf ( accessed May 15, 2015 )
    Office of the Coordinator for Counterterrorism, “Global Counterterrorism Co-Chair’s Fact Sheet.” http://www.state.gov/r/pa/prs/ps/2001/09/172010.htm ( accessed June 15,2015 )
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    Office of the Coordinator for Counterterrorism, “Global Counterterrorism Forum Political Declaration.” http://www.state.gov/s/ct/rls/other/gctf/173353.htm ( accessed June 15, 2015 )
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    描述: 碩士
    國立政治大學
    國家安全與大陸研究碩士在職專班
    102981016
    資料來源: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G1029810161
    資料類型: thesis
    顯示於類別:[國家安全與大陸研究碩士在職專班] 學位論文

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