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    题名: 產品品質、市場規模與貿易政策：異質廠商貿易模型的詮釋
    Product Quality, Market Size and Trade Policy under Heterogeneous Firm Trade Model
    作者: 林學宏
    Lin, Shiue Hung
    贡献者: 翁永和
    林學宏
    Lin, Shiue Hung
    关键词: 異質廠商
    產品品質
    市場規模
    貿易政策
    自製率
    原產地原則
    日期: 2015
    上传时间: 2015-08-03 13:36:40 (UTC+8)
    摘要: 在第一個主題中，本文針對許多國家在自製率政策的使用上，是否可達成本國政府對提高產業生產力及保護的需求。在異質廠商獨占性競爭的架構下，本文發現一邊際自製率水準在本國政府的自製率政策目標間扮演相當重要的角色。此邊際自製率水準幫助我們進一步確認調整自製率政策強度的實質效果，其總合結果發現調整自製率政策強度並無法同時達成上述兩個目標，因此本國政府應審慎地選擇其一之目標達成，並採用最適當的自製率政策。

    其次第二個主題則在廠商生產力的設定上與以往文獻不同，在此廠商生產力是由生產效率與產品品質兩變數來共同衡量。依此本研究主要發現有二，第一：當整個世界市場規模擴大對本國與外國而言，將允許相較於規模擴大前生產力更低的廠商存活在市場中，且市場上廠商家數、產品種類會增加但平均生產力會下降。在出口決策上，國內外有能力出口的廠商家數、產品種類會增加但平均出口生產力亦會下降；第二：若兩國間市場規模不對稱的情況下，當本國的市場規模越大，則本國市場能允許生產力越低的廠商存活，導致廠商家數、產品種類越多、平均生產力越低，反之國外之結果與上述相反，同時可進一步觀察到兩國間平均生產力差距擴大。在出口決策上，本國有能力出口的廠商家數減少，意即生產力越高的廠商越有能力出口，此外亦可觀察到兩國間出口生產力差距的擴大。在兩國間市場規模不對稱下透過出口等零利潤曲線，兩國異質廠商在不同生產效率與產品品質的組合下可將其出口決策劃分為四個區域，在此四個區域中說明本國及外國廠商在不同生產效率與產品品質組合下，其出口決策將有所不同。

    最後第三個主題亦在生產效率與產品品質共同衡量生產力的前提下，探討異質廠商對原產地原則的選擇。本研究可歸納出三個主要結果，第一：在跨國家間提升產品品質技術一致的情況下，若消費者對產品(品質)偏好有差異，將影響二國間出口廠商申請原產地原則之選擇，意即若出口至對產品(品質)偏好較低的國家，則具有高生產效率的出口廠商將較具優勢；反之若出口至對產品(品質)偏好較高的國家，則具有高產品品質的出口廠商將較具優勢。第二：若僅考慮跨國間提升產品品質技術不同的情況下，亦將影響二國間出口廠商申請原產地原則之選擇。意即若出口至提升品質技術相對較低的(開發中)國家，則具有高產品品質的出口廠商將較具優勢；反之若出口至提升品質技術相對較高的(已開發)國家，則具有高技術效率的出口廠商將較具優勢。第三：若跨國間提升產品品質技術不同的前提下，進一步將跨國間消費者偏好程度不一致加入考慮，則可知已開發與開發中國家間，出口廠商在原產地原則的選擇差異上將縮小。
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    描述: 博士
    國立政治大學
    經濟學系
    98258507
    資料來源: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0098258507
    数据类型: thesis
    显示于类别:[經濟學系] 學位論文

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