政大機構典藏-National Chengchi University Institutional Repository(NCCUR):Item 140.119/59589

政大機構典藏-National Chengchi University Institutional Repository(NCCUR):Item 140.119/59589

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政大典藏 > College of International Affairs > Department of Diplomacy > Theses > Item 140.119/59589

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Title:	美國歐巴馬政府核武安全政策之研究：以新古典現實主義角度進行分析(2009-2012) Understanding Obama`s Nuclear Strategy (2009-2012):A Neoclassical Realist Perspective
Authors:	徐劭昀
Contributors:	盧業中徐劭昀
Keywords:	歐巴馬美國核武政策新古典現實主義資源汲取模型 Barack Obama U.S. nuclear strategy Neoclassical realism source-extractive model
Date:	2012
Issue Date:	2013-09-02 17:33:34 (UTC+8)
Abstract:	歐巴馬於2009上任時，即開始宣揚「無核武世界」(world nuclear weapons)之理念，呼籲各國在核不擴散與廢除核武方面進行合作，並且積極與俄國洽簽《新戰略武器削減條約》(New START)，朝向無核武世界的目標邁進，但在無核武世界此一理想願景的背後，歐巴馬的核武政策依然蘊含了現實主義的思維，本研究試圖結合層次分析與新古典現實主義之資源汲取(source-extractive)概念，檢視歐巴馬政府的核武安全政策、據此理解歐巴馬政府核武政策的形成，以及影響歐巴馬核武政策的關鍵因素。本研究先針對國際層次與非國際層次(參議院、民意、以及歐巴馬個人認知)分析歐巴馬之核武政策，其次將資源汲取模型套用至歐巴馬政府之核武政策實踐，藉此了解歐巴馬核武政策的發展，以及各層次之間的互動對歐巴馬核武政策造成的影響。本研究由理論角度分析歐巴馬政府之核武安全政策，由體系層次觀之，冷戰結束之後，美國的安全威脅由原先的蘇聯轉變為多行為者與多層次的威脅，亦使美國傾向拉攏俄國合作以解決核不擴散問題；在國家層次方面，由於歐巴馬強調其政策上的正當性與國際法的制約，故參議院對於《全面核子禁試條約》批准與否對歐巴馬的核武政策有重大影響；此外，當前民意支持美國核武削減措施，但亦深恐廢除核武會危及美國國家安全，故如何令民眾支持其核武政策，以便汲取社會資源，亦為歐巴馬政府考量的重要因素；最後從個人層次觀之，歐巴馬是美國第一個倡導無核武世界概念的總統，而其多邊協商、尋求國際法為其政策背書的態度，亦影響了核武政策的走向，但亦由於參議院與民意的制約，使歐巴馬必須在政策上進行調整，以便從國內社會汲取更多資源，實踐其核武政策之目標，參議院與民意對於國家安全的重視，也使得歐巴馬的核武政策依然具有現實主義的制衡色彩，包括強調與俄國的相對實力、建構歐洲的飛彈防禦網、以及不排除以軍事行動制止流氓國家的核武發展等。
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