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    Title: 供應商管理與採購策略之研究-以短纖紗和人造纖維加工絲通路商為例
    The study of supplier managment and procurement strategy -- short-textile gauze and synthetic fiber as example
    Authors: 陳寶緣
    Contributors: 于卓民博士
    陳寶緣
    Keywords: 短纖紗
    人造纖維加工絲
    Date: 2012
    Issue Date: 2013-04-01 14:37:31 (UTC+8)
    Abstract: 台灣紡織業發展至今,人造纖維製造業上承石化業之合成原料如純對苯二甲酸(PTA)、乙二醇(EG)、己內醯胺(CPL)等以及木漿製造業之成品,下迄人纖加工絲、紡紗、織布、染整和成衣產業,已形成一完整之上、中、下游生產體系。其中,買賣短纖紗和人纖加工絲之通路商的上游供應商就是人造纖維加工絲業和紡紗業之廠商,而其下游客戶則是織布業之業者。
    由於台灣紡織業的產業結構因素,大部分人纖加工絲業者與紡紗業者在內銷市場(指台灣市場)方面多透過通路商來進行銷售,而個案公司就是屬於此類通路商,且其2011年的營業額在同業中排在前三名。雖然個案公司於1997年剛創立時只專營買賣短纖紗之業務,不過隨著台灣紡織業的經營環境日益艱困,個案公司先後切入聚酯加工絲與尼龍加工絲來維持自身的成長,如今,個案公司已是兼營買賣短纖紗與人纖加工絲的通路商。以個案公司而言,採購為其重要的價值活動,且個案公司的營業額在同業中能夠排在前三名,其供應商管理與採購策略必有獨到且值得探討之處。
    在供應商管理方面,本研究依序從供應商開發、供應商選擇的評估準則、供應商組成及供應商關係類型這四個構面來探討個案公司之供應商管理,以及其背後的原因。在採購策略方面,本研究由採購量、定期或不定期採購、採購對象、採購來源、集中採購或分權採購及與採購對象的關係這六個構面來瞭解個案公司之採購策略,以及其背後的道理。本研究發現(1)個案公司開發供應商的方式屬於Krause(1997)提出的『策略型供應商開發』;(2)個案公司在選擇上游供應商時最重視的評估指標依序為『品質穩定性』、『交期表現與達交率』、『折價空間』、『售服的態度與處理程序』、『財務狀況』、『配合度』與『未來競爭力』;(3)個案公司在選擇供應商來源時屬於Raedels(2000)提出的『多數的供應商來源』;(4)個案公司在『增加產品的廣度與深度』、『搶佔同業競爭者的市場』以及『供應商具有未來競爭力』這三項因素的考量下,會選擇和上游供應商/採購對象維持『策略合作』的關係;(5)個案公司的採購量因產業環境的改變而不如以往,且其採購的時間點也從原本的不定期採購轉變成定期採購;(6)若上游供應商為主要競爭者的主要採購對象,但其卻具有不可替代性,或者個案公司在強化自身競爭優勢、供應商具有未來競爭力等因素的考量下,個案公司還是會選擇該供應商作為主要的採購對象;(7)個案公司由於產業環境的改變而選擇分散其採購來源;(8)個案公司考量到採購的規模經濟而選擇由經營團隊集中採購。
    本研究探究供應商管理與採購策略對個案公司之下游客戶組成之影響,本研究發現(1)由於個案公司『分散其採購來源』使得下游客戶採購遠東或東和短纖紗的家數與採購金額產生變化;(2)個案公司因『和主要競爭者J公司選擇同樣的供應商/採購對象』,所以其下游客戶的類型以『布商(尤其是針織布布商)』為主;(3)『上游供應商/採購對象的檔次』會反應下游客戶的訂單偏重的訂單類型。最後,根據個案公司創辦人之進一步表示,『個案公司銷售團隊之客戶影響力』可反過來決定上游供應商組合。
    Reference: 一、 中文

    1. 王志剛,行銷學原理,台北:華泰書局,民73年。
    2. 王忠宗,採購管理手冊,台北:中華企業管理發展中心,民89年。
    3. 王忠宗、許成,採購學,台北:國立空中大學,民79年。
    4. 司徒達賢,策略管理新論-觀念架構與分析方法,台北:智勝文化,民91年。
    5. 池福灶,物料管理:理論、實務與現代化,台北縣:前程企管公司,民90年。
    6. 汪萱蕙,「人造纖維加工絲業基本資料」,台灣經濟研究院產經資料庫,民99年。
    7. 汪萱蕙,「棉紡紗業基本資料」,台灣經濟研究院產經資料庫,民99年。
    8. 汪萱蕙,「人造纖維紡紗業基本資料」,台灣經濟研究院產經資料庫,民99年。
    9. 尚榮安譯(Robert K. Yin),個案研究法,台北:弘智文化,民90年。
    10. 林憶萍,「台灣人造纖維產業之經營策略分析-以個案公司為例」,天主教輔仁大學管理學研究所在職專班碩士論文,民97年6月。
    11. 許成,採購與物料管理,台北:五南圖書,民72年。
    12. 許振邦,採購與供應管理,台北:智勝文化,民93年。
    13. 黃明豐,「台灣紡織產業-纖維織品經營策略研究分析」,大葉大學事業經營研究所碩士論文,民91年6月。
    14. 黃彥智,「國際採購策略與國際採購障礙對市場績效之影響-以國際運動用品市場為例」,國立成功大學企業管理研究所碩士論文,民92年5月。
    15. 詹桂嵐,「台灣貿易商面臨轉型之威脅與未來發展策略-以紡織成衣M公司為例」,元智大學管理研究所碩士論文,民99年7月。

    二、 網站

    1. 財政部關稅總局海關進出口貿易統計資料庫,http://www.customs.gov.tw/statisticweb/IESearch.aspx。
    2. 台灣經濟研究院產經資料庫,http://tie.tier.org.tw/。
    3. 經濟部統計處工業產品群資料庫,http://2k3dmz2.moea.gov.tw/Gwweb/default.aspx?menu=indprod。
    4. 台灣區紡紗工業同業公會網站,http://www.tsa.org.tw/。
    5. 台灣區人造纖維製造工業同業公會,http://www.tmmfa.org.tw/。
    6. 紡拓會全球資訊網,http://www.textiles.org.tw/。

    三、 英文

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    2. Arnold, A., "Global Sourcing - An Indispensable Element in Worldwide Competition," Management International Review, Vol. 29, 1989, 14-28.
    3. Benbasat, I., Goldstein, D., and Mead, M., "The Case Research Strategy in Studies of Information Systems," MIS Quarterly, Vol. 11, No. 3, Sept., 1987, 369-386.
    4. Bensaou, M., "Portfolios of Buyer-supplier Relationships," Sloan Management Review, Vol. 40, No. 4, 1999, 35-41.
    5. Bernard, P., "Managing Vendor Performance," Production and Inventory Management Journal, Vol. 30, No. 1, 1989, 1-7.
    6. Birou, L.M., and Fawcett, S.E., "International Purchasing, Benefit, Requirement, and Challenges," International Journal of Purchasing and Materials Management, Spring, 1993, 28-37.
    7. Browning, J.M., Zabriskie, N.B., and Huellmantel, A.B., "Strategic Purchasing Planning," Journal of Purchasing and Materials Management, Vol. 19, No. 1, 1983, 19-24.
    8. Buffa, F.P. and Jackson, W.M., "A Goal-programming Model for Purchase Planning," Journal of Purchasing and Metals Management, 1983, 27-34.
    9. Burton, T.T., "JIT/Repetitive Sourcing Strategies: Tying The Knot with Your Suppliers," Production and Inventory Management Journal, Vol. 29, No. 4, 1988, 38-41.
    10. Dickson, G.W., "An Analysis of Supplier Selection Systems and Decisions," Journal of Purchasing, Vol. 2, No. 1, 1966, 5-17.
    11. Dobler, D.W., Burt, D.N., and Lee, L., Purchasing and Materials Management: Text and Cases, New York: Mcgraw-Hill, 1990.
    12. Ellram, L.M., and Carr, A., "Strategic Purchasing: A History and Review of Literature," International Journal of Purchasing and Materials Management, Spring, 1994, 10-18.
    13. Freeman, V.T., and Cavinato, J.L., "Fitting Purchasing to The Strategic Firm: Frameworks, Processes, and Values," Journal of Purchasing and Materials Management, Winter, 1990, 6-10.
    14. Heinritz, S.F., and Farrell, P.V., Purchasing: Principles and Applications, New Jersey: Prentice Hall, 1981.
    15. Krause, D.R., "Supplier Development: Current Practices and Outcomes," International Journal of Purchasing and Materials Management, Vol. 33, No. 2, 1997, 12-19.
    16. Krause, D.R. and Ellram, L.M., "Critical Elements of Supplier Development - The Buying-firm Perspective," European Journal of Purchasing and Supply Management, Vol. 3, No. 1, 1997, 21-31.
    17. Leavy, B., "Two Strategic Perspective on the Buyer-supplier Relationship," Production and Inventory Management Journal, Vol. 35, No. 2, 1994, 47-51.
    18. Leenders, M.R., Fearon, H.E., and England, W.B., Purchasing and Material Management, Boston: Richard Irwin, 1989.
    19. Matthyssens, P. and Bulte, Christophe Van Den, "Getting Closer and Nicer: Partnerships in the Supply Chain," Long Range Planning, Vol. 27, No. 1, 1994, 74-81.
    20. Porter, M.E., Competitive Advantage: Creating and Sustaining Superior Performance, New York: Free Press, 1985.
    21. Monczka, R.M. and Trent, R.J., "Global Sourcing: A Development Approach," International Journal of Purchasing and Material Management, Spring, 1991, 2-8.
    22. Monczka, R.M. and Trent, R.J., "Worldwide Sourcing Assessment and Execution," International Journal of Purchasing and Material Management, Fall, 1992, 9-19.
    23. Newman, R., "Single Sourcing: Short-term Savings versus Long-term Problems," Journal of Purchasing and Materials Management, Vol. 25, No. 2, 1989, 20-25.
    24. Patton, W.E., "Use of Human Judgment Models in Industrial Buyers` Vendor Selection Decisions," Industrial Marketing Management, Vol. 25, No. 2, 1996, 135-139.
    25. Rajagopal, S. and Bernard, K.N., "Globalization of the Procurement Process," Marketing Intelligence and Planning, Vol. 11, No. 7, 1993, 47-50.
    26. Rajagopal, S. and Bernard, K.N., "Globalization of the Procurement Process: Motivations and Strategy," Marketing Intelligence and Planning, Vol. 12, No. 9, 1994, 4-17.
    27. Russell, R.S., and Taylor, B.W., Operations Management, 3rd Edition, New Jersey: Prentice Hall, 2000.
    28. Spekman, R.E., "A Strategic Approach to Procurement Planning," Journal of Purchasing and Materials Management, Winter, 1981, 2-8.
    29. Stevenson, W.J., Production/Operations Management, 6th Edition, New York: McGraw-Hill, 1999.
    30. Stonehous, G., Hamill, J.,Campbell, D., and Purdie, T., Global and Transactional Business: Strategy and Management, England: John Wiley & Sons, 2000.
    31. Watts, C.A., Kim, K.Y., and Hahn, C.K., "Linking Purchasing to Corporate Competitive Strategy," International Journal of Purchasing and Materials Management, Vol. 31, No. 2, 1995, 2-8.
    32. Weber, C.A., Current, J.R., and Benton, W.C., "Vendor Selection Criteria and Methods," European Journal of Operational Research, Vol. 50, 1991, 2-18.
    33. Wild, T., Best Practice in Inventory Management, 2nd Edition, England: Elsevier Science, 2002.
    Description: 碩士
    國立政治大學
    經營管理碩士學程(EMBA)
    100932017
    101
    Source URI: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0100932017
    Data Type: thesis
    Appears in Collections:[Executive Master of Business Administration] Theses

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