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Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item:
https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/56254
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Title: | 金磚四國與國際政治板塊之變遷-魯拉政府時期巴西與中國政經互動研究:權力競逐抑或是合作共榮(I) |
Other Titles: | The Interactions between Brazil and the PRC--- Power Struggle for Just vs. Cooperation for Prosperity |
Authors: | 柯玉枝;郭昕光 |
Contributors: | 行政院國家科學委員會 國立政治大學國際關係研究中心 |
Keywords: | 巴西;中國;美國;拉丁美洲;權力競逐;合作;環保 Brazil;China;U;S;A;Latin America;power struggle;cooperation;environment protection |
Date: | 2010 |
Issue Date: | 2012-11-30 15:08:56 (UTC+8) |
Abstract: | 巴西是金磚四國(BRICs)中唯一位在歐亞陸塊之外的國家,魯拉(Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva)總統上台後,巴西經濟走穩,其在拉丁美洲與全球的影響力也逐漸提升。未來,倘國力增長的巴西確實漸保有區域及全球的影響力,不僅將影響拉美權力分配,衝擊美國在美洲的霸權地位,更提升其對發展中國家的影響力。在魯拉政府時期,巴西與中國驚人的貿易實績,是支持兩國經濟成長及深化雙邊關係發展的主因之一。在2008年金融風暴後,中國更在2009年4月取代美國成為巴西最大貿易夥伴。然而,回顧以往緊密的經濟關係雖是中巴決定強化關係的重要因素之一,相反的也會製造麻煩與衝突。其次,由於中巴強化雙邊關係對可能動搖美國對拉美地區的傳統影響力,再加上全球氣候變遷對中巴兩國的影響甚大,環保問題勢將牽動中巴經濟發展戰略。基於前述形勢,本計畫擬利用現實主義及新自由制度主義,切入分析魯拉政府中巴關係的演變,並探究如下三個議題的成因及初步結果,(1)中巴關係的互補與衝突;(2)中巴關係與國際及區域政治的關聯性;(3)環保問題與中巴國家發展戰略。 Brazil is the only country of the BRICs which is not located in Eurasia. Since President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva was inaugurated in 2003, Brazil’s economy steadily grows and her influences on the issues related to Latin America and world also increase. In the future, if Brazil really became regional power in the Latin America and got more global influences, then she might erode the U.S hegemonic power in the America, furthermore, she can have more influences among the developing countries. During the Lula government ruling era, the amazing records in bilateral trade between Brazil and China were the major factor that supported two countries’ sustainable economic growth and enhanced bilateral relations. After the 2008 financial crisis, moreover, China substitute for the U.S.A. as the Brazil’s leading export country in April 2009. Although, on one hand, the retrospective close economic relation can be one of the most important reasons let Brazil and China decided to strengthen bilateral relations, on the other hand, it also makes troubles and confrontations. Secondly, because of that the deep relations between Brazil and China could let the traditional hegemonic influences owned by the United States. And thirdly, challenges of environment protection should be one of the most issues related to the economic development strategies made by Brazil and China. According the above situations, we intend to apply two theories, realism and neo-institutional liberalism, to analyze the evolution of the relations between Brazil and China and try to find reasons and preliminary answers concerning to the following three issues, (1) the relations between Brazil and China: cooperation and confrontation.; (2) the Brazil- China relations and its implication to regional and global politics; (3) the environment protection and economic developments: comparative studies of tow BRICs countries, Brazil and China. 近年來,中國與巴西這兩個在金磚四國中分處亞洲及拉丁美洲的兩個成員,同時也是這兩個區域中最大發展中國家,雙邊經貿關係迅速成長,及日益加深的政治關係的情況,也是多方關注的議題之一。就國家利益的角度觀察,當前中巴關係的輪廓是,在政治領域方面是合作大於矛盾的關係,在雙邊層次上,加強與中國的交往有利於巴西國際地位與拉美區域地位的提升,在多邊層次上,兩個發展中大國的合作有助於提升兩國在國際社會的發言權,因此,即使雙方在政治合作過程中可能出現意見不一的情況,巴西已表示在合作誘因大的情況下,雙方在政治領域共同合作的可能性極高。然而在經濟領域方面則情況較為複雜,在多邊層次上,兩國因同為發展中大國的身分,使得兩國在國際場合中,經常出現大利益一致,小利益衝突的現象,例如全球氣候變遷議題的立場差異,但卻不影響於兩國在該議題上的合作意願。但是在雙邊層次上,兩國的貿易摩擦隨著貿易額的加大,在國內因素影響下,呈現的是合作與矛盾並存的情況,中巴兩國均了解持續加強雙邊經貿關係有助於該國的穩定發展,但是兩國內部因素,尤其是巴西的國內因素,例如勞工團體、企業團體的態度,將成為兩國經濟關係中,難以避免、難以解決的複雜問題。2010年,巴中兩國在魯拉政府任期最後一年簽定《中華人民共和國政府與巴西聯邦共和國政府2010年至2014年共同行動計畫》,2011年4月,中國大陸又與蘿賽芙新政府發表聯合公報。前述政策似乎顯現巴中兩國嘗試透過發表與執行共同政策文件內容,尋求建立合作架構以解決雙邊經貿問題,即使兩國政府充分理解「合作共榮」的「絕對利益」,但是因為「相對利益」的內部效應,及以制度協商方式解決爭議的有效性問題,未來的巴中經濟關係仍將持續因為「絕對利益」與「相對利益」交互影響,呈現合作與對抗並存的現象。 |
Relation: | 基礎研究 學術補助 研究期間:9908~ 10007 研究經費:348仟元 |
Data Type: | report |
Appears in Collections: | [國際關係研究中心] 國科會研究計畫
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