| Abstract: | 所謂的「連結（cohesion）」是指「具有一定的語言形式，表示在語段中不同部分之間的語法／或詞彙關係」，「好的文章」必須具有「連結」。本研究中將「好的文章」定義為「有連結的文章」，研究目的在於釐清句子核心的文法項目對文章整體的「連結」有什麼樣的影響，但不涉及文體論或是修辭學。此外，本研究以分析文章（書面表現）為主，其次為談話（口語表現），參考Halliday & Hasan（1976）的理論模式，以接近功能主義的立場來探討。本研究認定以下八個項目為日語文章中具「連結」功能的文法項目，分析以下除了(1)以外的各個項目：(1)指示詞 (2)「ノダ」句 (3)助詞 (4)体言句的使用 (5)省略 (6)逗點 (7)語順 (8)語種。 (1)的「指示詞」在庵（2007）中已有相當的研究，本研究不列入探討對象。 (2)「ノダ」置於句末，讓文章有終結的感覺。表句子終結的文末表現除「ノダ」之外，有「ノダッタ」「モノダ」等功能詞，「シダイダ」等特定表現。為何這些會讓文章有終結的感覺？ (3)「助詞」考察「ハ」和「ガ」，以及「強調詞（取りたて詞）」的「連結」。 (4)「体言句的使用」，將傳統和歌的「体言止め」的技法也列入參考對象。 (6)日文的「逗點」不像英文的「逗點」有確切的規則，雖然是最容易以經驗法則處理的項目，但如功能主義所主張的有「無標記排列」和「有標記排列」。本研究欲釐清逗點的「無標記」的打法。 (8)的「語種」，調查是否能導出「漢語>和語>外来語」，「緊張感>リラックス感」的順序。 (5)的「省略」和(7)「語順」為今後要探討的課題。
Study on Cohesion in the Japanese Writing Department of Japanese, National Cheng-chi University Yoshida, Taeko Abstract Generally speaking, we see that “cohesion” is “a unity which is realized by given language forms and recognized through a whole writing by everybody”. Good writing has its cohesion. Author recognize “writings which has cohesion” as a “good writings”. A certain grammatical items have influences on a hole writing. The purport of this study is to research what kind of influence they have on it, and not to study of stylistics or rhetoric. In this study author will mainly analyze written languages (writing) and, secondly, spoken languages (discourse). About the method of analyzing, Halliday & Hasan (1976) will be consulted as our theoretical mode and describe all of example from the place to stand near the functionalism. In this study we acknowledge that following 8 grammatical items give cohesion to Japanese writings, that is: ①demonstrative ②noda sentence ③postpositional particle ④sentence which ends with a nominal predicate ⑤ellipsis ⑥comma ⑦word order ⑧the sort of words; except the item ①, another 7 items are all subjects of our analysis. (Since the item ① has already been closely inquired by Iori(2007), we need not further inquiry. ) ② Noda is put at the end of sentence and make a construction which gives us a sense that the story has come to end. In addition to noda, as the sentence end which tells us the conclusion of story there are some functional words like nodatta, monoda, and some substantial words like shidaida. Why do these expressions give us an impression that the story come to end. ③ As for postpositional particle, we will inquire the cohesion that “ha” , “ga” and some Toritate make. ④ As for sentence which ends with a nominal predicate, we also refer to the traditional technique of Japanese poem ( tanka). ⑥ Japanese comma has not so clear rule as English one and usually treated empirically. But it will give a good example of “marked order” and “unmarked order” in the assertion of functionalism. We want to find “unmarked” punctuation. ⑧ As for the sort of words, we can present one liner order beforehand; that is, more left, the more strained and more right, more relax. Chinese word > Japanese word > loan word ⑤⑦As for ellipsis and word order, we will start after this. |
