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Title:	多種類型的威權主義：中國政權性質的探討 Varieties of Authoritarianism: Post-Mao China`s Regime Type In Focus
Authors:	高頡 Kao, Chieh
Contributors:	寇健文 Kou, Chien Wen 高頡 Kao, Chieh
Keywords:	中國政權性質威權政體後極權主義典型威權主義
Date:	2012
Issue Date:	2012-11-01 14:02:14 (UTC+8)
Abstract:	當前中國的政權性質為何？在非民主政體的分類當中，當前中國的位置可能在那裡？這個威權政體在政治、經濟和社會領域方面，究竟表現出那些整體性的特徵？本文將以Linz and Stepan（1996）對非民主政體的分類為基礎，在不捨棄原始分類中任何一個分類標準的前提下，修正並濃縮成一個結合政治領域、經濟領域和社會領域的分析框架。接著，本文根據這個分析框架帶入相關的文獻議題，透過大量具有代表性的二手文獻，從學者們對特定議題的研究成果中抽離出政權的部分特徵，最終歸納整理出對當前中國政權性質的總體評估。藉由回顧和評析學者們的觀點，本文主張當前中國政權揉合後極權特性（政治領域和社會領域）和典型威權特性（經濟領域），因此在威權主義的概念系譜裡，既不是完全的後極權主義，也不是完全的典型威權主義，而是游離在兩者之間的政權類型。這種帶有混合性質的政權類型，反映出當前中國在脫離毛澤東極權統治時期的過程當中，「政經社」三個領域各自有不同的偏離幅度，即在政治、社會領域的偏離幅度較小，而在經濟領域的偏離幅度較大。不過，這不表示有必要在非民主政體的分類中再增加一個次類型。相反地，本文僅僅是想強調當前中國在「政經社」展現出不同的政權特性，是一種混合、介於、擺盪在後極權主義和典型威權主義之間的威權國家，表現出「多種類型的威權主義」。本文的研究發現提供兩個研究意涵。第一、中國政權的混合性質可以為非民主政體的分類帶來重要啟示，學界應該重視長期被忽略的經濟因素對政體分類可能的影響力。此外，當一個威權政體並非在各個領域的發展方向皆是一致的時候，學界應該要如何判斷其政權性質。第二、本文從「民主轉型及其鞏固」與「國企改革」兩個議題，討論政權類型對於理解經驗事實的貢獻。從當前中國的政權性質來看，我們仍不宜對中國在短期內出現政治民主化抱持過高的期望。第一章是緒論，揭開本文的研究問題、回顧研究問題的既有文獻、說明研究方法和研究侷限。第二章至第四章正式進入文章主軸，分別探討政治領域（黨國體制本身的運作）、經濟領域（黨國體制下的國家市場關係）和社會領域（黨國體制下的國家社會關係）。第五章是結論，包括重整本文的研究發現、釐清本文的研究發現與其他學者的不同之處、當前中國在非民主政體分類中的位置、中國政權性質對非民主政體分類的啟示、政權類型對理解經驗事實的貢獻。
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Description:	碩士國立政治大學東亞研究所 98260006 101
Source URI:	http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0098260006
Data Type:	thesis
Appears in Collections:	[Graduate Institute of East Asia Studies] Theses

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