Loading...
|
Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item:
https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/54668
|
Title: | 網路公民和政治參與:社群媒體和行動科技在民主化和自由化的角色 Online Citizens and Political Participation: The Democratising and Liberalising Role of Social Media and Mobile Technology |
Authors: | 堯里昂 Leon van Jaarsveldt |
Contributors: | 施琮仁 Tsung-Jen Shih 堯里昂 Leon van Jaarsveldt |
Keywords: | 政治參與 社群媒體 臉書 Political participation social media mobile phones online political information wider view exposure Facebook |
Date: | 2011 |
Issue Date: | 2012-10-30 11:29:56 (UTC+8) |
Abstract: | This research uses the 2010-post election survey by Pew Internet and American Life project and traces the direct and indirect paths of online political information use, Facebook political information use, and mobile phones political information use to political participation to online and offline political participation. Indirect paths are traced through the paths of wider view exposure and the credibility to online and offline political participation. The theoretical framework of the O-S-O-R model is used to guide the path analyses for this research. This research finds that both online political information use and Facebook political information use expose respondents to a wider diversity of views, but that it does not lead to political participation. Furthermore, all three mediums are found to be credible sources of information leading to online political participation with different strengths, while Facebook political information use also leads to offline political participation. Thus, credibility is an important factor and even suggests the possible need for an opinion leader. This is especially so for the use of Facebook, which has the best balanced information dissemination structure its friend network of identifiable people, organisations, and institutions. Facebook also provides the best platform for critical debate and engaging potential voters. Mobile phone political use is also supportive of political participation, but is more questioned in terms of whether the participation it brings is able to lead to critical debate.
Keywords: Political participation, Facebook, social media, mobile phones, online political information, wider view exposure, credibility. |
Reference: | References Abouzeid, R. (2011). Scenes from A Revolution. Time, 178(8), 40-43. Allagui, I & Kuebler, J. (2011). The Arab Spring and the Role of ICTs. International Journal of Communication 5, 1435–1442. Alterman, J. B. (2011). The Revolution Will Not Be Tweeted. Washington Quarterly, 34(4), 103-116. doi: 10.1080/0163660x.2011.610714. Ansolabehere, S., & Iyengar, S. (1995). Going negative: How political advertisements shrink and polarize the electorate. New York: Free Press. Barnhurst, K. G. (2011). The Problem of Modern Time in American Journalism. KronoScope, 1(2), 98-123. Bente, G., Roggenberg, S., Kromer, N. C., & Eschenburg, F. (2008). Avatar-Mediated Networking: Increasing Social Presence and Interpersonal Trust in Net-Based Collaborations. Human Communication Research, 34(2), 287-318. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-2958.2008.00322.x. Brundidge, J. (2009). Political Discussion and News Use in the Contemporary Public Sphere: The "Accessibility" and "Traversability" of the Internet. Paper presented at International Communication Association. 2009. Article retrieved from http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ufh&AN=45286077&site=ehost-live. Caparini, M. (Ed.) (2004). `Media in Security and Governance: The Role of the News Media in Security`, Nomos / Bonn International Center for Conversion (BICC) / Geneva Centre for the Democratic Control of Armed Forces (DCAF). Chaseman, J. (1981). The Media Revolution in America. 47, 374. Loss Angeles, California. Cho, J., Shah, D. V., McLeod, J. M., McLeod, D. M., Scholl, R. M., & Gotlieb, M. R. (2009). Campaigns, Reflection, and Deliberation: Advancing an O‐S‐R‐O‐R Model of Communication Effects. Communication Theory, 19(1), 66-88. Christen, C. (2005). Media Reach, Media Influence? The Effects of Local, National and Internet News on Public Opinion Inferences. Conference Paper retrieved from http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ufh&AN=18655477&site=ehost-live. Christopher, L. C. (2007). Understanding Web 2.0. Seybold Report: Analyzing Publishing Technologies, 7(11), 7-8. Cottle, S. (2011). Media and the Arab uprisings of 2011: Research notes. Journalism, 12(5), 647-659. doi: 10.1177/1464884911410017. Daft, R. L., & Lengel, R. H. (1983). Information richness. A new approach to managerial behavior and organization design: DTIC Document. D`Aprile, S. (2009). Operation New Media: Online political information use. Politics (Campaigns & Elections), 30(4), 26-37. De Hertogh, S., Viaene, S., & Dedene, G. (2011). Governing Web 2.0. Communications of the ACM, 54(3), 124-130. doi: 10.1145/1897852.1897882. De Tocqueville, A. (1981[1835]) De la Démocratie en Amérique (Paris: Garnier-Flammarion) Donston, D. (2008). WEB 2.0. eWeek, 25(16), 39-45. Druckman, J. N., & Parkin, M. (2005). The Impact of Media Bias: How Editorial Slant Affects Voters. Journal of Politics, 67(4), 1030-1049. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-2508.2005.00349.x. Ellison, N. B., Steinfield, C., & Lampe, C. (2007). The Benefits of Facebook “Friends:” Social Capital and College Students’ Use of Online Social Network Sites. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 12(4), 1143-1168. doi: 10.1111/j.1083-6101.2007.00367.x. Entman, R. M. (2007). Framing Bias: Media in the Distribution of Power. Journal of Communication, 57(1), 163-173. doi: 10.1111/j.1460-2466.2006.00336.x. Feldman, L., & Price, V. (2007). Modelling the Sources and Consequences of Opinion Quality. Paper presented at National Communication Association. Article retrieved from http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ufh&AN=35506405& site=ehost-live. Fourie, P. J. (2001). Media Studies: Institutions, theories, and issues (Vol. 1). Cape Town: Juta Academic. Fourie, P. J. (2008). Media Studies: Media History, Media and Society. Cape Town: Juta Academic. Fourie, P. (2010). Media Studies: Policy, Management and Media Representation (Vol. 2). Cape Town: Juta Academic. Fukuyama, F. (1995). The Primacy of Culture. Journal of Democracy, 6(1), 7 14. Gabrial, B. (2008). "The Second American Revolution": Expressions of Canadian Identity in News Coverage at the Outbreak of the United States Civil War. Canadian Journal of Communication, 33(1), 21-37. Gaines, B. J., & Mondak, J. J. (2009). Typing Together? Clustering of Ideological Types in Online Social Networks. Journal of Information Technology & Politics, 6(3/4), 216-231. doi: 10.1080/19331680903031531. Gandelman, J. (2011). Unprecedented Move: Egypt Shuts Down Internet as Yemen also Simmers. The Moderate Voice. Retrieved from http://themoderatevoice.com/mission -statement. Gibson, R. K., Lusoli, W., & Ward, S. (2005). Online Participation in the UK: Testing a Contextualised Model of Internet Effects. British Journal of Politics & International Relations, 7(4), 561-583. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-856X.2005.00209.x. Gross, K., & D`Ambrosio, L. (2004). Framing Emotional Response. Political Psychology, 25(1), 1-29. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9221.2004.00354.x. Gutierrez, J. A. (2010). Mexican Birthdays: Independence and Revolution, 1810 and 1910. Social Studies, 101(6), 225-231. doi: 10.1080/00377996.2010.524548. Harb, Z. (2011). Arab Revolutions and the Social Media Effect. M/C Journal, 14(2), 2-2. Hardy, B. W., & Scheufele, D. A. (2005). Examining differential gains from Internet use: Comparing the moderating role of talk and online interactions. Journal of Communication, 55(1), 71-84. Haspels, M. (2007). Will you be my Facebook friend? National Communication Association, 2007. Article retrieved from http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct= true&db=ufh&AN=35505932&site=ehost-live. Hawaii State Senate Social Media Use Policy. 2012. http://www.capitol.hawaii.gov/ session2012/docs/ SenateSocialMediaUsePolicy.htm. Last accessed May 3, 2012. Heiberger, G., & Harper, R. (2008). Have you facebooked Astin lately? Using technology to increase student involvement. New Directions for Student Services, 2008(124), 19-35. doi: 10.1002/ss.293. Hindman, M. (2005). The real lessons of Howard Dean: Reflections on the first digital campaign. Perspectives on Politics, 3(01), 121-128. Hirschorn, M. (2010). Truth Lies Here. Atlantic Monthly, 306(4), 58-64. Doi: 1072782 Hirzalla, F., van Zoonen, L., & de Ridder, J. (2011). Internet Use and Political Participation: Reflections on the Mobilization/Normalization Controversy. Information Society, 27(1), 1-15. doi: 10.1080/01972243.2011.534360. Hoffmann, J., & Kornweitz, A. (2011). Online political information use revolution? Media Development, 58(1), 7-11. Horrigan, John. 2007. A Typology of Information and Communication Technology Users. Pew Internet & American Life Project. Hounshell, B. (2011). The Revolution Will Be Tweeted. Foreign Policy (187), 20-21. Hsu, C., & Han Woo, P. (2011). Sociology of Hyperlink Networks of Web 1.0, Web 2.0, and Twitter: A Case Study of South Korea. Social Science Computer Review 29, 354-368. Doi: 10.1177/08944393103 82517. Kalnes, Ø. (2009). Norwegian Parties and Web 2.0. Journal of Information Technology & Politics, 6(3/4), 251-266. doi: 10.1080/19331680903041845. Kim, D. (2007). Abandoning traditional news? Examining factors influencing the displacement effects of online news on traditional news media. Southern Illinois University at Carbondale. Kluver, R., & Soon, C. (2005). The Internet and Online Political Communities in Singapore. Conference Paper retrieved from http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct= true&db=ufh&AN=18655856&site=ehost-live. Lee, P. S. N., & Leung, L. (2008). Assessing the displacement effects of the Internet. Telematics and Informatics, 25(3), 145-155. Lenhart, A. (2010). Social media & mobile internet use among teens and young adults: Pew Internet & American Life Project. McLeod, D. M., & Perse, E. M. (1994). Direct and indirect effects of socioeconomic status on public affairs knowledge. Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, 71(2), -433-442. McLeod, J. M., Daily, K., Guo, Z., Eveland Jr, W. P., Bayer, J., Yang, S., & Wang, H. (1996). Community integration, local media use, and democratic processes. Communication Research, 23(2), 179-209. McLeod, J. M., & Scheufele, D. A. (1999). Community, communication, and participation: The role of mass media and interpersonal discussion. Political Communication, 16(3), 315. Metzgar, E., & Maruggi, A. (2009). Social Media and the 2008 U.S. Presidential Election. Journal of New Communications Research, 4(1), 141-165. Miladi, N. (2011). Tunisia: A Media led Revolution? Media Development, 58(2),8-12 Nisbet, M. C., & Scheufele, D. A. (2004). Political Talk as a Catalyst for Online Citizenship. Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, 81(4), 877-896. Nisbet, M. C., & Kotcher, J. E. (2009). A Two-Step Flow of Influence? Science Communication, 30(3), 328-354. doi: 10.1177/1075547008328797. November 2010 Post-Election Tracking Survey. Pew Internet & American Life Project, November, 2010. http://pewinternet.org/Shared-Content/Data-Sets/2010/November-2010--Post-Election.aspx. Last accessed on March 21, 2012. O`Brien, M. (2009). The E-learning Industry. Rocky Mountain Communication Review, 6(1), 57-61. Parenti, C. (2004). Al Jazeera Goes to Jail. Nation, 278(12), 20-23. Parsons, N. (2011). Death to the watchdog? The Fourth Estate in a 2.0 world. Spreading the message: How social networks and paywalls can save publishers. Journal of Digital Research & Publishing, 86-94. Pena, J., & Hancock, J. (2008). The Priming Effects of Avatars in Virtual Settings. Paper presented at International Communication Association. Article retrieved from http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ufh&AN=36957095&site=ehost-live. Pfau, M., Haigh, M. M., Logsdon, L., Perrine, C., Baldwin, J.P., Breitenfeldt, R. E., Romero, R. (2005). Embedded Reporting During the Invasion and Occupation of Iraq: How the Embedding of Journalists Affects Television News Reports. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 49(4), 468-487. doi: 10.1207/s15506878 jobem4904_7. Policies Related to Legislative Use of Social Media, 2012. http://www.ncsl.org/issues-research/telecom/policies-related-to-legislative-use-social-media.aspx#WASenate. Last updated on April 23, 2012. Poniewozik, J., Ghosh, A., Radwan, A., & Turgut, P. (2003). What You See Vs. What They See. Time, 161(14), 68. Putnam, R. D. (1995). Bowling alone: America`s Declining Social Capital. The City Reader, 120-128. Putnam, R. D. (2000). Bowling alone: The collapse and revival of American community. New York: Simon & Schuster. Rappaport, K. L. (1997). In the Wake of Reno v. ACLU: The Continued Struggle in Western Constitutional Democracies with Internet Censorship and Freedom of Speech Online. American University International Law Review, 13. 765. Rojas, H., Puig Abril, E., Wright, P., & Berrio, C. (2009). Mobilizers Mobilized: Information, Expression, Mobilization, and Participation in the Digital Age. International Communication Association, 1-37. Roumani, R. (2003). One War, Two Channels. Columbia Journalism Review, 42(1), 64. Roux, J. 2012. Should Social Media be controlled by Legislation? http://www.luvata.com/ zh-cn/News-Room/Quick-Poll-Results/Should-social-media-be-controlled-by-legislation, last accessed 3 May, 2012. Scheufele, D. A., Nisbet, M. C., Brossard, D., & Nisbet, E. C. (2004). Social Structure and Citizenship: Examining the Impacts of Social Setting, Network Heterogeneity, and Informational Variables on Political Participation. Political Communication, 21(3), 315-338. doi: 10.1080/10584600490481389. Schmitter, P. C., & Karl, T.L. (2008). What democracy is... and is not. Journal of Democracy, 2(3), 75-88. Shah, D. V., Cho, J., Nah, S., Gotlieb, M. R., Hwang, H., Lee, N. J., . McLeod, D. M. (2007). Campaign ads, online messaging, and participation: Extending the communication mediation model. Journal of Communication, 57(4), 676-703. Shah, D. V., McLeod, D. M., Kim, E., Lee, S. Y., Gotlieb, M. R., Ho, S. S., & Breivik, H. (2007). Political Consumerism: How communication and consumption orientations drive “lifestyle politics”. The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 611(1), 217-235. Sifry, M. L. (2009). A See-Through Society. Columbia Journalism Review, 47(5), 43-47. Smith, A. (2010). Politics Goes Mobile. Report of the Pew Internet Research Center. Smith, A. (2011a). 22% of online Americans used social networking or Twitter for politics in 2010 campaign. Report of the Pew Internet Research Center. Smith, A. (2011b). The Internet and campaign 2010. Pew Internet & American Life Project. Smith, A. (2011c). Smartphone adoption and usage. Pew Internet & American Life Project.. Smith, G. R. (2010). Politicians and the News Media: How Elite Attacks Influence Perceptions of Media Bias. The International Journal of Press/Politics, 15(3), 319-343. doi: 10.1177/1940161210367430. Soon, C., & Kluver, R. (2007). The Internet and Online Political Communities in Singapore. Asian Journal of Communication, 17(3), 246-265. doi:10.1080/01292980701458331 SOPA: Washington Vs. The Web, 2012. http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/12/14/sopa-protect-ipn1140180.htm. Last accessed 3 May 2012. Spencer, R. (2006). Edward Said And The War In Iraq, Editorial, New Formations, pp. 52-62. Retrieved from http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db= a9h&AN=23648989&site=ehost-live. Steinberger, P. J. (1984). Urban politics and communality. Urban Affairs Review, 20(1), 4-21. DOI: 10.1177/004208168402000102. Steinfield, C., Ellison, N., & Lampe, C. (2008). Net Worth: Facebook Use and Changes in Social Capital Over Time. Paper presented at International Communication Association. Article retrieved from http://search.ebscohost.com/ login.aspx?direct=true&db= ufh&AN=36956374&site=ehost-live. Strait, L. (2008). The Effect of Political Efficacy on Web 2.0 Usage: The 2008 Primaries. Paper presented at National Communication Association. Article retrieved from http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db =ufh&AN=44852279& site=ehost-live. Tunisian, Egyptian, Yemeni, Libyan Revolutions. (2011). Retrieved from http://forums.zybez.net/topic/1468707-tunisian-egyptian-yemeni-libyan-revolutions. Vaccari, C. (2010). `Technology Is a Commodity`: The Internet in the 2008 United States Presidential Election. Journal of Information Technology & Politics, 7(4), 318-339. doi: 10.1080/19331681003656664. Vaccari, C. (2011). The News Media As Networked Political Actors. Information, Communication & Society, 14(7), 981-997. doi: 10.1080/1369118x.2011.572984. Valenzuela, S. N., Park, N., & Kee, K. F. (2009). Is There Social Capital in a Social Network Site?: Facebook Use and College Students` Life Satisfaction, Trust, and Participation. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 14(4), 875-901. doi: 10.1111/j.1083-6101.2009.01474.x. Van Dijk, J. (2006). The Network Society: Social Aspects of Online political information use. London: Sage. Van Niekerk, B., Pillay, K., & Maharaj, M. (2011). Analyzing the Role of ICTs in the Tunisian and Egyptian Unrest from an Information Warfare Perspective. International Journal of Communication, 5. 1406–1416. Waller, J. M. (2003). How Media Deceive You About Iraq. Insight on the News, 19(22), 28-31. Wattal, S., Schuff, D., Mandviwalla, M., & Williams, C.B. (2010). Web 2.0 and politics: the 2008 US. Presidential Election and an E-politics Research Agenda. MIS Quarterly, 34(4), 669-688. Wolf, G. (2004). How the internet invented Howard Dean. WIRED magazine, 12(1). Yee, N., Bailenson, J. N. , & Ducheneaut, N. (2009). The Proteus Effect: Implications of Transformed Digital Self-Representation on Online and Offline Behavior. Communication Research, 36(2), 285-312. Zube, P., Lampe, C., & Lin, J.-H. (2009). Web 2.Step-Flow: Social Networking Sites and Political Information. Paper presented at National Communication Association. Article retrieved from http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db= ufh&AN=54434791&site=ehost-live. |
Description: | 碩士 國立政治大學 國際傳播英語碩士學位學程(IMICS) 99461011 100 |
Source URI: | http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0099461011 |
Data Type: | thesis |
Appears in Collections: | [國際傳播英語碩士學程] 學位論文
|
Files in This Item:
File |
Size | Format | |
101101.pdf | 1197Kb | Adobe PDF2 | 836 | View/Open |
|
All items in 政大典藏 are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved.
|