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    Title: 台灣地區老人安養護機構經營管理關鍵成功因素
    Authors: 陳立基
    Contributors: 黃秉德
    陳立基
    Keywords: 老人福利機構
    經營管理
    關鍵成功因素
    Date: 2006
    Issue Date: 2012-04-17 09:12:19 (UTC+8)
    Abstract: 由於經濟發展,人民生活改善,醫藥衛生的進步,使台灣地區國民的平均年齡延長,也使人口老化的速度加快。民國82年9月,65歲以上老人佔台灣地區人口數7%,己達聯合國世界衛生組織所訂的高齡化社會指標。據經建會推估,預計民國121年,將達20%,即每5位人口中,就有一位是65歲以上的老人。在對老人的照顧中,政府除了居家服務、社區照顧外,機構照顧負起了最後的一環。
    由於看好未來龐大的安養護市場,許多財團或企業紛紛加入,財團法人醫院、署立、市立醫院為增加占床率,開闢護理之家、長期照護部門,使得現有安養護機構面臨更多壓力。老人安養護工作已由救濟、收容演變為銀髮產業,且由福利服務、市場自由競爭進入以企業管理為導向的型態。因此,許多業者面臨體制改革與重整以順應時代,成為機構生存關鍵。
    基於上述理由與考量,引發本研究從「關鍵成功因素」的觀點,深入探討老人安養護機構經營者的經營理念與管理方式,期能透過本研究,使機構業者能更清楚本身的競爭地位,進而對未來經營策略的擬定有所助益,及對有意進入者提供一個參考指標。本論文以在台灣營運績優的老人自費安養護中心為研究對象,運用文獻探討、產業分析及深度訪談找出經營老人安養護機構之關鍵成功因素。
    研究結果顯示,台灣老人安養護機構關鍵成功因素共有六項
    ,分別是:經營理念、工作團隊、資源、專業服務、機構負責人及地點的選擇。
    Population aging in Taiwan has rapidly accelerated as the life expectancy of people in Taiwan is gradually increasing due to economic development, improved quality of life, and advancement of medicine and public health. Taiwanese aged 65 and over have accounted for more than 7% of total population since 1993, thereby making Taiwan an aging society according United Nation’s definition of “Aging Society”. It is estimated by Council of Economic Planning and Development that 20% of population, or one in five, will be aged 65 or over by 2132. Aside from home care and community care, institutional care is also gaining importance in elder care in Taiwan.


    Foreseeing the immense need of elder care services in the aging society, many private companies and corporations are entering the elder-care market and competing for market share. Privatized hospitals and public-funded provincial hospitals are increasing bed occupancy, building nursing homes, and expanding units for long-term care. The existent elder-care institutions in the health industry are facing market competition more than ever. The elder care is being transited from charity welfare to silver industry, from welfare service and free market competition to business-oriented planning of strategic management. Thus, elder-care institutions are in need of restructuring and structural changes so as to succeed in the competitive market.


    This study explores factors that contribute the success of elder care institutions by exploring the philosophy and style of management. So that, existent institutions can better evaluate their competitiveness in the market and strategize their management tactics; potential players can use findings from this study as reference points before entering the market. This study is conducted with assistance of literature review, and industry analysis and in-depth interview of best-run private-funded elder care institutions in Taiwan.


    The findings of the study show that in Taiwan there are six critical factors for the success of elder care institutions. They are management philosophy, characteristics of the team, resourcefulness of the institutions, professionalism of staff characteristics of ownership of the institutions, and location of the institutions.
    Reference: 一、中文部份
    1. 內政部統計處,http://www.moi.gov.tw/stat/index.asp。
    2. 吳光新(2003)「臺灣地區民間福利機構的組織變遷」──以南投仁愛之家為例。
    3. 吳思華(1988)「產業政策與企業策略」,臺北:中華經濟企業研究所。
    4. 吳思華(1996)「策略九說」,臺北:麥田出版社。
    5. 莊尚平(2000)「資料基楚理論下持久競爭優勢之整合性架構初探」,國立臺灣科技大學工業研究所碩士論文。
    6. 楊日融(2003)「咖啡店經營關鍵成功因素之研究」,國立中正大學企管研究所碩士論文。
    7. 胡幼慧主編(1997)「質性研究」,巨流出版。
    8. 潘淑滿著(2003)「質性研究:理論與應用」,心理出版社,臺北市。
    9. 謝臥龍主編(2004)「質性研究」,心理出版社,臺北市。
    10. 詹火生(1992)「臺灣地區老人安養服務之研究」,行政院研考會。
    11. 吳老德編著(2003)「高齡社會理論與策略」,新文京開發出版公司。
    12. 黃宏謨(2004)「老人福利機構民營化之優劣勢管控之研究」,國立暨南國際大學社會政策與社會工作研究所碩士論文。
    13. 江清馦、侯穎蕙、林慧芬(2003)「臺灣老人福利需求與政策方向」,國家研究報告。
    14. 沙依仁(1998)「二十一世紀的老人福利──老人福利修正之策略」,社區發展季刊,第八十三期。
    15. 呂寶靜、施教裕、吳淑瓊、張淑英(1995)「老人福利政策之研究」,台北,內政部社會司。
    16. 萬育維(1995)「福利社區化的意涵與策略」,內政部編印。
    17. 萬育維(1999)「老人福利機構營運之研究」,內政部編印。
    18. 蕭新煌、陳寬政、張苙雲(1982)「我國老人福利之研究:服務網路之結構分析」,行政院研考會。
    19. 龔文華(2003)「高齡者進住養生文化村意願之影響因素」,長庚大學企業管理研究所碩士論文。
    20. 呂美女、吳國禎譯(1994)(堺屋太一著)「組織的盛衰──從歷史看企業再生」,麥田出版公司。
    21. 郭登聰(1998)「我國老人安療養院服務市場化可能性探討」,社區發展季刊,第83期。
    22. 行政院經建會(2004)「中華民國臺灣地區民國93年至140年人口推計」,行政院經建會。
    23. 行政院經建會,內政部(2002)「照顧服務產業發展方案」。
    24. 李宗勳(2004)「勿使民營化淪為財團化工具」,中央日報第九版觀念世界。
    25. 鄭讚源(1997)「既競爭又合作,既依賴又自主:社會福利服務民營化過程中政府與民間非營利組織之角色與定位,社區發展季刊,第80期」。
    26. 莊朝榮、曾怡禎(2005)「老有所終──老人住宅產業大勢」,臺灣經濟研究月刊。

    二、英文部份
    1. Aaker, David A, (1984), Strategic Market Management, Berkeley University of California.
    2. Aaker, D. A.(1989) Managing Assets and Skills:The key to a Sustainable Competitive Advantage. California Management Review, 91-106.
    3. Ferguson, C. R. & Dickinson, R. (1982, May). Critical Success Factor for Directors in the Eighties 14-18.
    4. Drucker, P. E. (1999) Management challenges for the 21st century, st. Martin’s press.
    5. Branch, L. G., and Jette AM. (1982) A prospective study of long-term care institutionalization among the aged, American Journal of Public Health.
    6. Michael E. Porter, Competitive Advantage: Creating and Sustaining Superior Performance, The Free Press, New York, 1985.
    7. Philip Kotler, Marketing Management, 11th ed., Prentice-Hall, New Jersey, 2003.
    Description: 碩士
    國立政治大學
    經營管理碩士學程(EMBA)
    91932017
    95
    Source URI: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0091932017
    Data Type: thesis
    Appears in Collections:[經營管理碩士學程EMBA] 學位論文

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