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    Title: 瑞特氏症模式小鼠的運動障礙與紋狀體特性之表型分析
    Phenotypical analysis of motor behaviors and striatal characteristics in mouse models of Rett Syndrome
    Authors: 蘇三華
    Su, San Hua
    Contributors: 廖文霖
    蘇三華
    Su, San Hua
    Keywords: 紋狀體
    第二型甲基CpG結合蛋白
    瑞特氏症
    自閉症
    運動障礙
    striatum
    MeCP2
    Rett syndrome
    autism
    motor dysfunction
    Date: 2010
    Issue Date: 2012-04-12 14:12:30 (UTC+8)
    Abstract: 瑞特氏症(Rett syndrome, RTT)為第二型甲基化CPG結合蛋白(2methyl-CpG binding protein 2, MeCP2)基因發生突變所造成的神經發育疾病，其症狀包含了嚴重的運動障礙及自閉傾向等特徵。由於紋狀體(striatum)為運動控制的重要腦區，我們假設RTT的運動障礙主要為紋狀體的功能異常所造成，故利用RTT模式小鼠來研究紋狀體是否為RTT運動障礙的致病原因。利用敞箱試驗(open field test)及加速滾輪測試(accelerating rotarod task)結果發現，Mecp2基因剔除小鼠的活動力明顯下降，並伴隨有運動協調能力的缺失。以免疫組織染色法及西方點墨法分別標定紋狀體中的mu-opioid receptor及calbindin蛋白，發現二者表現量均有明顯下降，然而表現parvalbumin的中間神經元細胞數目卻大量增加。我們發現在紋狀體中多巴胺D2受體的表現量顯著增加，但多巴胺合成酶tyrosine hydroxylase與多巴胺訊號傳遞下游分子DARPP-32蛋白並沒有明顯減少。為了更進一步確認紋狀體的致病角色，我們利用特定在紋狀體中缺少MeCP2的「Mecp2條件缺失小鼠」，觀察其運動行為的改變。結果發現，Mecp2條件缺失小鼠不管是在活動力或是運動學習上都表現出和Mecp2基因剔除小鼠相似的運動障礙，顯示紋狀體所調控的正常活動力及運動學習能力皆需要MeCP2的參與。我們接著進一步探討是否擁有完整MeCP2表現的紋狀體就足以執行正常的運動功能。當Mecp2基因剔除小鼠的紋狀體重新表現MeCP2(即「Mecp2條件回復小鼠」)，MeCP2缺失所造成的運動障礙可被回復到接近野生型小鼠運動能力的正常水準。顯示紋狀體中MeCP2的存在為正常運動控制的充要條件。在以cyclin-dependent kinase-like 5 (Cdkl5)突變小鼠研究MeCP2的磷酸化是否會影響到運動行為，發現Cdkl5突變小鼠在出生早期及成年時期皆存在與Mecp2基因剔除小鼠一致的運動協調能力缺失。免疫組織染色及西方點墨法結果顯示，Cdkl5突變小鼠的紋狀體中mu-opioid receptor表現量有明顯下降，但parvalbumin的中間神經元數目並無改變，而在大腦皮質中多巴胺轉運子DAT1蛋白表現量明顯上升。CDKL5突變造成與RTT相似症狀的原因還須更進一步的探討。綜上所述，本研究為「紋狀體異常可能為RTT運動障礙的主要致病原因」提供動物模式的實驗證據，並提供了一個新的觀點用於未來治療RTT或防止其症狀的惡化。
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    Description: 碩士
    國立政治大學
    神經科學研究所
    98754001
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    Source URI: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0098754001
    Data Type: thesis
    Appears in Collections:[Graduate Institute of Neuroscience] Theses

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