政大機構典藏-National Chengchi University Institutional Repository(NCCUR):Item 140.119/51479
English  |  正體中文  |  简体中文  |  Post-Print筆數 : 27 |  全文笔数/总笔数 : 113392/144379 (79%)
造访人次 : 51214112      在线人数 : 912
RC Version 6.0 © Powered By DSPACE, MIT. Enhanced by NTU Library IR team.
搜寻范围 查询小技巧：
  • 您可在西文检索词汇前后加上"双引号"，以获取较精准的检索结果
  • 若欲以作者姓名搜寻，建议至进阶搜寻限定作者字段，可获得较完整数据
    •  进阶搜寻
    政大機構典藏 > 商學院 > 企業管理學系 > 學位論文 >  Item 140.119/51479


    请使用永久网址来引用或连结此文件: https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/51479


    题名: 調節焦點契合之後設分析
    A meta-analysis of regulatory fit studies
    作者: 陳玉珊
    Chen, Yu Shan
    贡献者: 樓永堅
    別蓮蒂
    陳玉珊
    Chen, Yu Shan
    关键词: 調節焦點契合
    regulatory fit
    日期: 2010
    上传时间: 2011-10-07 14:12:10 (UTC+8)
    摘要: Since Higgins presented regulatory fit theory in 2000, over 200 studies have demonstrated that regulatory fit processes moderate both information processing and outcome responses substantially. However, scholars characterize regulatory fit diversely and manipulate the definition. Researchers have highlighted this issue and recommended further investigations to clarify regulatory fit heterogeneity, which is derived from two sources: conceptual viewpoints of regulatory fit and methods for regulatory fit induction (Aaker, 2006; Avnet, 2006; Cesario, 2008; Pham, 2009). This study decomposes manipulation heterogeneity for researching regulatory fit from the experimental methodology viewpoint. Rather than providing a summary of existing methods, this study proposes a critical moderator embedded in these techniques, which objectifies the regulatory fit concept using a calculable index. The proposed index can be used to predict the strength of the regulatory fit effect, and explain manipulation heterogeneity when researching regulatory fit.
    參考文獻: Aarts, H., Gollwitzer, P. M., & Hassin, R. (2004). Goal contagion: perceiving is for pursuing. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 87, 23-37.
    Aaker, J. L., & Lee, A. Y. (2006). Understanding regulatory fit. Journal of Marketing Research, 43(1), 15-19.
    Anderson, J. R. (1974). Retrieval of propositional information from long-term memory. Cognitive Psychology, 6, 451-474.
    Appelt, K. C., & Higgins, E. T. (2010). My way: how strategic preferences vary by negotiator role and regulatory focus. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 46(6), 1138-1142.
    Appelt, K. C., Zou, X., Arora, P., & Higgins, E. T. (2009). Regulatory fit in negotiation: effects of "prevention-buyer" and "promotion-seller" fit. Social Cognition, 27(3), 365-384.
    Avnet, T., & Higgins, E. T. (2003). Locomotion, assessment, and regulatory fit: value transfer from "how" to "what". Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 39(5), 525-530.
    Avnet, T., & Higgins, E. T. (2006). How regulatory fit affects value in consumer choices and opinions. Journal of Marketing Research, 43(1), 1-10.
    Barkoukis, V., Ntoumanis, N., & Nikitaras, N. (2007). Comparing dichotomous and trichotomous approaches to achievement goal theory: an example using motivational regulations as outcome variables. British Journal of Educational Psychology, 77(3), 683-702.
    Bassili, J. N., & Smith, M. C. (1986). On the spontaneity of trait attribution: converging evidence for the role of cognitive strategy. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 50, 239–245.
    Benjamin, L., & Flynn, F. J. (2006). Leadership style and regulatory mode: value from fit? Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 100(2), 216-230.
    Bianco, A. T., Higgins, E. T., & Klem, A. (2003). How "fun/importance" fit affects performance: pelating implicit theories to instructions. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 29(9), 1091-1103.
    Borenstein, M., Hedges, L. V., Higgins, J. P. T., & Rothstein, H. R. (2009). Introduction to meta-analysis. United Kingdom: The John Wiley & Sons.
    Brodscholl, J. C., Kober, H., & Higgins, E. T. (2007). Stregies of self-regulation in goal attainment versus goal maintance. European Journal of Social Psychology, 37, 628-648.
    Bush, R. R., & Mosteller, F. (1951). A model for stimulus generalization and discrimination. Psychological Review, 58(6), 413-423.
    Camacho, C. J., Higgins, E., & Luger, L. (2003). Moral value transfer from regulatory fit: what feels right is right and what feels wrong is wrong. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 84(3), 498-510.
    Carver, C. S., & Scheier, M. F. (1981). Attention and self-regulation: a control theory approach to human behavior. New York: Springer-Verlag.
    Carver, C. S., & White, T. L. (1994). Behavioral inhibition, behavioral activation, and affective responses to impending reward and punishment: the BIS/BAS scales. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 67(2), 319-333.
    Cesario, J., Grant, H., & Higgins, E. T. (2004). Regulatory fit and persuasion: transfer from "feeling right". Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 86(3), 388-404.
    Cesario, J., Higgins, E., & Scholer, A. A. (2008). Regulatory fit and persuasion: basic principles and remaining questions. Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 2(1), 444-463.
    Cesario, J., & Higgins, E. T. (2008). Making message recipients "feel right": how nonverbal cues can increase persuasion. Psychological Science, 19(5), 415-420.
    Collins, A. M., & Loftus, E. F. (1975). A spreading-activation theory of semantic processing. Psychological Review, 82(6), 407-428.
    Crowe, E., & Higgins, E. T. (1997). Regulatory focus and strategic inclinations: Promotion and prevention in decision making. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 69, 117-132.
    Daryanto, A., de Ruyter, K., & Wetzels, M. (2010). Getting a discount or sharing the cost: the influence of regulatory fit on consumer response to service pricing schemes. Journal of Service Research, 13(2), 153-167.
    Daryanto, A., de Ruyter, K., Wetzels, M., & Patterson, P. G. (2010). Service firms and customer loyalty programs: a regulatory fit perspective of reward preferences in a health vlub setting. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 38(5), 604-616.
    de Lange, M. A., & van Knippenberg, A. (2007). Going against the grain: regulatory focus and interference by task-irrelevant information. Experimental Psychology, 54(1), 6-13.
    Dholakia, U. M., Gopinath, M., & Bagozzi, R. P. (2005). The role of desires in sequential impulsive choices. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 98(2), 179-194.
    Dijksterhuis, A., & Bargh, J. A. (2001). The perception-behavior expressway: automatic effects of social perception on social behavior. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 33, 1-40
    Dweck, C. S., & Leggett, E. L. (1988). A social-cognitive approach to motivation and personality. Psychological Review, 95(2), 256-273.
    Ferguson, M. J., & Bargh, J. A. (2004). Liking is for doing: the effects of goal pursuit on automatic evaluation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 87(5), 557-572.
    Fitzsimons, G. J. (2008). Death to dichotomizing. Journal of Consumer Research, pp. 9-9.
    Florack, A., & Scarabis, M. (2006). How advertising claims affect brand preferences and category-brand associations: the role of regulatory fit. Psychology & Marketing, 23(9), 741-755.
    Förster, J., & Higgins, E. (2005). How global versus local perception fits regulatory focus. Psychological Science, 16(8), 631-636.
    Förster, J., Liberman, N., & Friedman, R. S. (2007). Seven principles of goal activation: a systematic approach to distinguishing goal priming from priming of non-goal constructs. Personality and social Psychology Review, 11, 211-233.
    Fransen, M. L., Reinders, M. J., Bartels, J., & Maassen, R. L. (2010). The influence of regulatory fit on evaluation and intentions to buy genetically modified foods: the mediating role of social identification. Journal of Marketing Communications, 16(1-2), 5-20.
    Freitas, A. L., & Higgins, E. T. (2002). Enjoying goal-directed action: the role of regulatory fit. Psychological Science, 13(1), 1-6.
    Freitas, A. L., Liberman, N., & Higgins, E. T. (2002). Regulatory fit and resisting temptation during goal pursuit. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 38(3), 291-298.
    Friedman, R. S., & Förster, J. (2001). The effects of promotion and prevention cues on creativity. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 81(6), 1001-1013.
    Fuglestad, P. T., Rothman, A. J., & Jeffery, R. W. (2008). Getting there and hanging on: the effect of regulatory focus on performance in smoking and weight loss interventions. Health Psychology, 27(3), S260-S270.
    Gilbert, D. T., & Hixon, J. G. (1991). The trouble of thinking: Activation and application of stereotypic beliefs. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 60(4), 509-517.
    Gray, J. A. (1990). Brain systems that mediate both emotion and cognition. Cognition and Emotion, 4(3), 268-288.
    Grimm, L. R., Markman, A. B., Maddox, W., & Baldwin, G. C. (2008). Differential effects of regulatory fit on category learning. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 44(3), 920-927.
    Grimm, L. R., Markman, A. B., Maddox, W., & Baldwin, G. C. (2009). Stereotype threat reinterpreted as a regulatory mismatch. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 96(2), 288-304.
    Haddad, H., & Delhomme, P. (2006). Persuading young car drivers to take part in a driving skills test: the influence of regulatory fit on informational-assessment value and persuasion. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 9(6), 399-411.
    Hendrix, K. S., & Hirt, E. R. (2009). Stressed out over possible failure: the role of regulatory fit on claimed self-handicapping. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 45(1), 51-59.
    Higgins, E. T. (1987). Self-discrepancy: a theory relating self and affect. Psychological Review, 94(3), 319-340.
    Higgins, E. T. (1989a). Continuties and discountinuities in self-regulatory and self-evaluative processes: a developmental theory relating seld and addect. Journal of Personality, 57, 407-444.
    Higgins, E. T. (1989b). Self-discrepancy theory: what patterns of self-beliefs cause people to suffer? In B. Leonard (Ed.), Advances in Experimental Social Psychology (Vol. Volume 22, pp. 93-136): Academic Press.
    Higgins, E. T. (1996). The "self digest": self-knowledge serving self-regulatory functions. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 71(6), 1062-1083.
    Higgins, E. T. (1997). Beyond pleasure and pain. American Psychologist, 52(12), 1280-1300.
    Higgins, E. T. (1998). Promotion and prevention: regulatory focus as a motivational principle. In P. Z. Mark (Ed.), Advances in Experimental Social Psychology (Vol. Volume 30, pp. 1-46): Academic Press.
    Higgins, E. T. (1999). Promotion and prevention as a motivational duality. New York: Guilford Press.
    Higgins, E. T. (2000). Making a good decision: value from fit. American Psychologist, 55(11), 1217-1230.
    Higgins, E. T. (2005). Value from regulatory fit. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 14(4), 209-213.
    Higgins, E. T. (2006). Value from hedonic experience and engagement. Psychological Review, 113(3), 439-460.
    Higgins, E. T., Bond, R. N., Klein, R., & Strauman, T. (1986). Self-discrepancies and emotional vulnerability: How magnitude, accessibility, and type of discrepancy influence affect. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51(1), 5-15.
    Higgins, E. T., Cesario, J., Hagiwara, N., Spiegel, S., & Pittman, T. (2010). Increasing or decreasing interest in activities: the role of regulatory fit. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 98(4), 559.
    Higgins, E. T., Friedman, R. S., Harlow, R. E., Idson, L. C., Ayduk, O. N., & Taylor, A. (2001). Achievement orientations from subjective histories of success: promotion pride versus prevention pride. European Journal of Social Psychology, 31(1), 3-23.
    Higgins, E. T., Idson, L. C., Freitas, A. L., Spiegel, S., & Molden, D. C. (2003). Transfer of value from fit. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 84(6), 1140-1153.
    Higgins, E. T., Rholes, W. S., & Jones, C. R. (1977). Category accessibility and impression formation. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 13, 141-154.
    Higgins, E. T., Roney, C. J. R., Crowe, E., & Hymes, C. (1994). Ideal versus ought predilections for approach and avoidance distinct self-regulatory systems. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 66(2), 276-286.
    Higgins, E. T., & Scholer, A. A. (2009). Engaging the consumer: the science and art of the value creation process. Journal of Consumer Psychology, 19(2), 100-114.
    Higgins, E. T., Shah, J., & Friedman, R. (1997). Emotional responses to goal attainment: Strength of regulatory focus as moderator. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 72, 515-525.
    Higgins, E. T., & Silberman, I. (1998). Development of regulatory focus: promotion and prevention as ways of living. In J. Heckhausen & C. S. Dweck (Eds.), Motivation and self-regulation across the life span (pp. 78-113). New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
    Holler, M., Hoelzl, E., Kirchler, E., Leder, S., & Mannetti, L. (2008). Framing of information on the use of public finances, regulatory fit of recipients and tax compliance. Journal of Economic Psychology, 29(4), 597.
    Hong, J., & Lee, A. Y. (2008). Be fit and be strong: mastering self-regulation through regulatory fit. Journal of Consumer Research, 34(5), 682-695.
    Idson, C. L., & Higgins, E. T. (2000). How current feedback and chronic effectiveness influence motivation: everything to gain versus everything to lose. European Journal of Social Psychology, 30(4), 583-592.
    Idson, L. C., Liberman, N., & Higgins, E. T. (2004). Imagining how you`d feel: the role of motivational experiences from regulatory fit. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 30(7), 926-937.
    Jain, S. P., Agrawal, N., & Maheswaran, D. (2006). When more may be less: the effects of regulatory focus on responses to different comparative frames. Journal of Consumer Research, 33(1), 91-98.
    Jiang, Y., Cho, A., & Adaval, R. (2009). The unique consequences of feeling lucky: implications for consumer behavior. Journal of Consumer Psychology, 19, 171-184.
    Jin, S.-A. A., & Lee, K. M. (2010). The influence of regulatory fit and interactivity on brand satisfaction and trust in e-health marketing inside 3D virtual worlds (Second Life). Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 13(6), 673-680.
    Kahneman, D., & Tversky, A. (1979) Prospect theory: an analysis of decision under risk. Econometrica, 47(2), Mar, 263-291.
    Kees, J., Burton, S., & Tangari, A. H. (2010). The impact of regulatory focus, temporal orientation, and fit on consumer responses to health-related advertising. Journal of Advertising, 39(1), 19-34.
    Kim, Y.-J. (2006). The role of regulatory focus in message framing in antismoking advertisements for adolescents. Journal of Advertising, 35(1), 143.
    Koenig, A. M., Cesario, J., Molden, D. C., Kosloff, S., & Higgins, E. (2009). Incidental experiences of regulatory fit and the processing of persuasive appeals. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 35(10), 1342-1355.
    Kruglanski, A. W. (2006). The nature of fit and the origins of "feeling right": a goal-systemic perspective. Journal of Marketing Research, 43(1), 11-14.
    Kruglanski, A. W., Pierro, A., & Higgins, E. T. (2007). Regulatory mode and preferred leadership styles: how fit increases job satisfaction. Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 29(2), 137-149.
    Kruglanski, A. W., Shah, J. Y., Fishbach, A., Friedman, R., Woo Young, C., & Sleeth-Keppler, D. (2002). A theory of goal systems. In P. Z. Mark (Ed.), Advances in Experimental Social Psychology (Vol. Volume 34, pp. 331-378): Academic Press.
    Kruglanski, A. W., Shah, J. Y., Friedman, R., Chun, W., & Sleeth-Keppler, D. (Eds.). (2002). A theory of goals systems. New York: Academic Press.
    Kuhl, J. (Ed.). (1984). Volitional aspects of achievement motivation and learned helplessness: toward a comprehensive theory of action control. (Vol. 13). New York: Academic Press.
    Langens, T. A. (2007). Regulatory focus and illusions of control. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 33(2), 226-237.
    Latham, G. P. (1991). Self-regulation through goal setting. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50, 212-247.
    Leder, S., Mannetti, L., Hölzl, E., & Kirchler, E. (2010). Regulatory fit effects on perceived fiscal exchange and tax compliance. Journal of Socio - Economics, 39(2), 271.
    Lee, A. Y., & Aaker, J. L. (2004). Bringing the frame into focus: the influence of regulatory fit on processing fluency and persuasion. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 86(2), 205-218.
    Lee, A. Y., Keller, P. A., & Sternthal, B. (2010). Value from regulatory construal fit: the persuasive impact of fit between consumer goals and message concreteness. Journal of Consumer Research, 36(5), 735-747.
    Lee, L. (2005). The influence of primary and secondary goals on consumer decision making. Advances in Consumer Research, 32, 331-334.
    Leikas, S., Lindeman, M., Roininen, K., & Lahteenmaki, L. (2009). Boundaries of regulatory fit: is it the thought that counts? Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 31(4), 289-294.
    Lockwood, P., Jordan, C. H., & Kunda, Z. (2002). Motivation by positive or negative role models: regulatory focus determines who will best inspire us. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 83(4), 854-864.
    Loehlin, J. C. (1968). Computer models of personality. New York: Random House.
    Macrae, C. N., & Lewis, H. L. (2002). Do I know you? Processing orientation and face recognition. Psychological Science, 13, 194-196.
    Maddox, W., Baldwin, G. C., & Markman, A. B. (2006). A test of the regulatory fit hypothesis in perceptual classification learning. Memory & Cognition, 34(7), 1377-1397.
    Malaviya, P., & Sternthal, B. (2009). Parity product features can enhance or dilute brand evaluation: the influence of goal orientation and presentation format. Journal of Consumer Research, 36(1), 112-121.
    Mancuso, J. C. (Ed.). (1970). Reading for a cognitive theory of personality. New York: Holt, Reinehart, & Winston.
    Mannetti, L., Giacomantonio, M., Higgins, E. T., Pierro, A., & Kruglanski, A. W. (2010). Tailoring visual images to fit: value creation in persuasive messages. European Journal of Social Psychology, 40(2), 206-215.
    Markman, A. B., Baldwin, G. C., & Maddox, W. (2005). The interaction of payoff structure and regulatory focus in classification. Psychological Science, 16(11), 852-855.
    Markus, H., & Nurius, P. (1986). Possible selves. American Psychologist, 41(9), 954-969.
    McGregor, I., Gailliot, M. T., Vasquez, N. A., & Nash, K. A. (2007). Ideological and personal zeal reactions to threat among people with high self-esteem: motivated promotion focus. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 33(11), 1587-1599.
    Memmert, D., Unkelbach, C., & Ganns, S. (2010). The impact of regulatory fit on performance in an inattentional blindness paradigm. The Journal of General Psychology, 137(2), 129.
    Moretti, M. M., & Higgins, E. T. (1990). The development of self-system vulnerabilities: Social and cognitive factors in developmental psychopathology. New Harven, CT: Yale University Press.
    Moss, S., Ritossa, D., & Ngu, S. (2006). The effect of follower regulatory focus and extraversion on leadership behavior: the role of emotional intelligence. Journal of Individual Differences, 27(2), 93-107.
    Otto, A., Markman, A. B., Gureckis, T. M., & Love, B. C. (2010). Regulatory fit and systematic exploration in a dynamic decision-making environment. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 36(3), 797-804.
    Pham, M. T., & Avnet, T. (2009). Rethinking regulatory engagement theory. Journal of Consumer Psychology, 19(2), 115-123.
    Plessner, H., Unkelbach, C., Memmert, D., Baltes, A., & Kolb, A. (2009). Regulatory fit as a determinant of sport performance: how to succeed in a soccer penalty-shooting. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 10(1), 108-115.
    Santelli, A. G., Struthers, C., & Eaton, J. (2009). Fit to forgive: Exploring the interaction between regulatory focus, repentance, and forgiveness. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 96(2), 381-394.
    Sassenberg, K., Jonas, K. J., Shah, J. Y., & Brazy, P. C. (2007). Why some groups just feel better: the regulatory fit of group power. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 92(2), 249-267.
    Schroder, H. M., & Suedfeld, P. (Eds.). (1970). Personality theory and information processing. New York: Ronald Press.
    Semin, G. R., Higgins, T., de Montes, L. G., Estourget, Y., & Valencia, J. F. (2005). Linguistic signatures of regulatory focus: how abstraction fits promotion more than prevention. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 89(1), 36-45.
    Spiegel, S., Grant-Pillow, H., & Higgins, E. (2004). How regulatory fit enhances motivational strength during goal pursuit. European Journal of Social Psychology, 34(1), 39-54.
    Stam, D. A., Van Knippenberg, D., & Wisse, B. (2010). The role of regulatory fit in visionary leadership. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 31(4), 499-518.
    Taylor, S. E., Pham, L. B., Rivkin, I. D., & Armor, D. A. (1998). Harnessing the imagination: Mental stimulation, self-regulation, and coping. American Psychologist, 53(4), 429-439.
    Thaler, R. (1980). Towards a positive theory of consumer choice. Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, 1, 39-60.
    Tulving, E., Schacter, D. L., & Stark, H. A. (1982). Priming effects in word-fragment completion are independent of recognition memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 8, 336-342.
    Tversky, A. (1977). Features of similarity. Psychological Review, 84(4).
    Uskul, A. K., Keller, J., & Oyserman, D. (2008). Regulatory fit and health behavior. Psychology & Health, 23(3), 327-346.
    Vaughn, L. A., Baumann, J., & Klemann, C. (2008). Openness to experience and regulatory focus: evidence of motivation from fit. Journal of Research in Personality, 42(4), 886-894.
    Vaughn, L. A., Harkness, A. R., & Clark, E. K. (2010). The effect of incidental experiences of regulatory fit on trust. Personal Relationships, 17(1), 57-69.
    Vaughn, L. A., Hesse, S. J., Petkova, Z., & Trudeau, L. (2009). "This story is right on": the impact of regulatory fit on narrative engagement and persuasion. European Journal of Social Psychology, 39(3), 447-456.
    Vaughn, L. A., O`Rourke, T., Schwartz, S., Malik, J., Petkova, Z., & Trudeau, L. (2006). When two wrongs can make a right: regulatory nonfit, bias, and correction of judgments. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 42(5), 654-661.
    Wang, J., & Lee, A. Y. (2006). The role of regulatory focus in preference construction. Journal of Marketing Research, 43(1), 28-38.
    Worthy, D. A., Maddox, W., & Markman, A. B. (2007). Regulatory fit effects in a choice task. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 14(6), 1125-1132.
    Worthy, D. A., Markman, A. B., & Maddox, W. (2009). What is pressure? evidence for social pressure as a type of regulatory focus. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 16(2), 344-349.
    Wyer, R. S., & Srull, T. K. (1989). Memory and social cognition in its social context. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
    描述: 博士
    國立政治大學
    企業管理研究所
    94355512
    99
    資料來源: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0094355512
    数据类型: thesis
    显示于类别:[企業管理學系] 學位論文

    文件中的档案:

    没有与此文件相关的档案.



    在政大典藏中所有的数据项都受到原著作权保护.


    社群 sharing

    著作權政策宣告 Copyright Announcement
    1.本網站之數位內容為國立政治大學所收錄之機構典藏，無償提供學術研究與公眾教育等公益性使用，惟仍請適度，合理使用本網站之內容，以尊重著作權人之權益。商業上之利用，則請先取得著作權人之授權。
    The digital content of this website is part of National Chengchi University Institutional Repository. It provides free access to academic research and public education for non-commercial use. Please utilize it in a proper and reasonable manner and respect the rights of copyright owners. For commercial use, please obtain authorization from the copyright owner in advance.

    2.本網站之製作，已盡力防止侵害著作權人之權益，如仍發現本網站之數位內容有侵害著作權人權益情事者，請權利人通知本網站維護人員(nccur@nccu.edu.tw)，維護人員將立即採取移除該數位著作等補救措施。
    NCCU Institutional Repository is made to protect the interests of copyright owners. If you believe that any material on the website infringes copyright, please contact our staff(nccur@nccu.edu.tw). We will remove the work from the repository and investigate your claim.
    DSpace Software Copyright © 2002-2004  MIT &  Hewlett-Packard  /   Enhanced by   NTU Library IR team Copyright ©   - 回馈