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| Title: | 約翰．彌爾頓與共和（1640-1660）
John Milton and the Commonwealth of England（1640-1660） |
| Authors: | 吳象元
Wu, Hsiang Yuan |
| Contributors: | 林美香
吳象元
Wu, Hsiang Yuan |
| Keywords: | 約翰．彌爾頓
共和
論冊
自由
政治思想
基督共和體制
John Milton
Commonwealth
Pamphlet
Liberty
Political Thought
Christian Commonwealth |
| Date: | 2010 |
| Issue Date: | 2011-10-05 14:37:11 (UTC+8) |
| Abstract: | 約翰．彌爾頓（John Milton，1608-1674），集英格蘭詩人、論冊作者與共和政府官員於一身，經歷了三王國的戰爭、弒君、共和政府成立及復辟。本論文是藉由彌爾頓1640年至1660年間所出版的論冊（pamphlet），探討時代與其思想的互動。彌爾頓的論冊可分三個時期：一為1649年之前，主題為教會、教育與出版自由，二為1649年至1654年間，內容包括國王、人民的權利和共和政府的建立，三為1654至1660年間，主題有對共和政府的評論，以及對自由的呼籲。本論文除緒論和結論，共分四章。第一章為三王國的戰爭與彌爾頓生平，主要是概述英格蘭在1640年代的景況，特別是王權體制的動搖，和思想的蓬勃發展，此外會回顧彌爾頓生平，並參考彌爾頓陳述其內心信念的文字。第二章至第四章將分別討論上述彌爾頓三個時期的論冊。第二章重點為彌爾頓在1649年之前的作品：分別是《論改革》、《論教育》與《論出版自由》。第三章則是探討1649年至1654年間的作品，是以《國王與官員的任期》和《為英國人民聲辯》為主；此為彌爾頓首次明確對政治發表看法，也是彌爾頓進入共和政府任職前後的兩本著作。第四章探討1654年後的作品－《再為英國人民聲辯》與《建立自由共和的可行之道》，是共和後期至復辟前夕之作。透過以上四個章節，我們將檢視彌爾頓思想如何對應英格蘭這二十年間的處境：主教制度、出版品審核制、宗教自由受限、弒君爭議與政府體制的調整。本論文將顛覆不同以往的彌爾頓，以其思想為核心，進而整理彌爾頓的政治思想與時代的連結，並探討其立論的主旨。
John Milton (1608-1674) was an English poet, pamphleteer, and civil servant of the Commonwealth of England. He lived through the Wars of the Three Kingdoms, regicide, the founding of the Commonwealth and the restoration of the monarchy. This thesis focuses on the pamphlets that Milton published between 1640 and 1660, examining the interaction between the times and his thoughts. Milton’s pamphlets can be divided into three periods: The pamphlets written before 1649 deal with the Church of England, education, and the liberty of unlicensed printing. During the second period between 1649 and 1654 he wrote about the rights of the king and the people and the founding of the Commonwealth. Between 1654 and 1660 his main topics were criticisms of the Commonwealth and appeals for liberty. The first chapter of this thesis covers the Wars of the Three Kingdoms and Milton’s life, focusing on the description of the situation in England after the 1640s, particularly the precarious situation of the monarchy and the thriving development of thought. It will also look back on Milton’s life and reference writings in which he stated his inner beliefs. Chapters two to four will discuss the pamphlets written by Milton during the three periods mentioned above. Chapter Two focuses on Milton’s writings before 1649, namely Of Reformation, Of Education, and Areopagitica. Chapter Three discusses works penned between 1649 and 1654, namely The Tenure of Kings and Magistrates and Pro Populo Anglicano Defensio. In these two works Milton for the first time clearly stated his stance toward politics. Both were written before and after Milton took a post in the Republican government. Chapter Four is devoted to Milton’s works after 1654 – Defensio Secunda and Ready and Easy Way to Establish a Free Commonwealth – which were written in the waning years of the Commonwealth and before the Restoration of 1660. The four chapters will give an overview as to how Milton’s thoughts addressed England’s plight during these two decades - episcopacy, censorship, the restriction of religious freedom, the controversial regicide, and the restructuring of the government system. This thesis will reverse the past approach toward Milton, which focused on his thoughts, by clarifying the connection between Milton’s political thought and his era, and discussing the key points of his argumentation. |
| Reference: | 一、約翰．彌爾頓的作品
Griswold, Rufus Wilmot, ed. Prose Works of John Milton, With a Biographical Introduction, Philadelphia: John W. Moore, 1847.
— Areopagitic，1644.
— Pro populo Anglicano Defensio, 1651.
— Defensia Secunda, 1654.
Wolfe, Don M., ed. Complete Prose Works of John Milton, New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1953
— Of Reformation, 1641.
— Of Education, 1644.
— Tenure of Kings and Magistrates, 1649.
— Ready and Easy Way to Establish A Free Commonwealth, 1660.
二、相關史料
Darbishire, Helen, ed. The Early Lives of Milton, London: Constable, 1932.
French, J. M., ed. The Life Records of John Milton, New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 1949-58
Gardiner, Samuel Rawson, ed. The Constitutional Documents of the Puritan Revolution 1625-1660, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1936.
— The Sentence Of The High Court Of Justice Upon The King, 1649.
— The Charge Against The King, 1649.
— An Act of this present Parliament for constituting a Council of State for the Commonwealth of England, 1649.
Tillyard, E. M. W., Milton: Private Correspondence and Academic Exercise, Great Britain: Cambridge University Press, 1932.
Tomlinson, Howard, ed. Documents and Debates: Politics, Religion and Society in Revolutionary England, 1640-1660, Hampshire: Macmillan, 1989.
Stephenson, Carl, and Frederick George Marcham, eds. Sources of English Constitutional History: a selection of documents from A.D. 600 to the present, New York: Harper & Brothers, 1937.
—. Magna Carta, 1215.
—. The Provisions Of Oxford, 1258.
思高聖經學會，《聖經》，台北：思高聖經學會出版社，2000。
三、參考書
H.C.G. Matthew, and Brian Harrison, eds. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, New York: Oxford University Press, 2004.
三、專書
Achinstein, Sharon, Milton and the Revolutionary Reader, Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1994.
Adamson, John, ed. The English Civil War: Conflict and Contexts, 1640-49, New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2009.
Bear, Anna, Milton: Poet, Pamphleteer, and Patriot, New York: Bloomsbury Press, 2009.
Campbell, Gordon, A Milton Chronology, Great Britain: Macmillan Press, 1997.
Cressy, David, England on Edge: Crisis and Revolution, 1640-164, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2006.
Campbell, Gordon, and Corns, Thomas N., John Milton: Life, Work, and Thought, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008.
Davis, Godfrey, The Early Stuarts 1603-1660, Britain: Oxford University Press, 1959.
Dickens, A. G., Gash, Norman, Authority and Conflict England 1603-1658, Great Britain: Edward Arnold, 1986.
Hutton, Ronald, The British Republic 1649-1660, Hong Kong: Macmillan Education LTD, 1990.
Himy, Armand, Armitage, David, and Skinner, Quentin eds. Milton and Republicanism, New York: Cambridge University Press, 1995.
Hill, Christopher, Milton and the English Revolution, New York: Viking Press, 1977.
— Puritanism and Revolution, London: Pimlico, 2001.
Masson, David, The Life of Milton: Narrated in Connexion with the Literary, Historical, and Political Events of his Time, Gloucester, Mass.: Peter Smith, 1965.
Quilligan, Maurnn, Milton’s Spenser: The Politics of Reading, Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press, 1983.
Russell, Conrad, The Cause of the English Civil War, New York: Oxford University Press, 1990.
Smith, Nigel, Literature and Revolution in England, 1640-1660, New Haven: Yale University Press, 1994.
Parker, W. R., Milton: A Biography, New York: Oxford University Press, 1968.
Stone, Lawrence, The Cause of the English Revolution 1529-1642, London: Routledge, 1994.
Wrightson, Keith, English Society, 1580-1680, London: Unwin Hyman, 2003.
Wormald, Jenny, ed. The Seventeenth Century, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008.
Worden, Blair, Literature and Politics in Cromwellian England: John Milton, Andrew Marvell, Marchamont Nedham, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009.
Zagorin, Perez, Milton: Aristocrat & Rebel: the Poet and his Politics, New York: D. S. Brewer, 1992.
柏拉圖，郭斌和，張竹明譯，《理想國》，北京：商務印書館，2009。
柏拉圖，王曉朝譯，《柏拉圖全集》，北京：人民出版社，2003。
彼得．剛特（Peter Gaunt），吳夢峰譯，《不列顛內戰》（The British Wars 1637-1651），台北：麥田，1999。
賀利思（Leo Hollis），宋美瑩譯，《倫敦的崛起：知識分子打造的城市》（London Rising: The Men Who Made Modern London），台北：貓頭鷹出版，2011。
麥可里蘭（J. S. McClelland），彭淮棟譯，《西洋政治思想史》（A History of Western Political Thought），台北市：商業周刊出版：城邦文化發行，2000。
海蓮．漢芙（Helene Hanff），陳建銘譯，《查令十字路84號》（84, Charing Cross Road），台北： 時報文化，2002。
陳思賢，《西洋政治思想史近代英國篇》，台北：五南，民87。
史蒂文．謝平（Steven Shapin）和賽門．夏佛（Simon Schaffer），蔡佩君譯，《利維坦與空氣幫浦：霍布斯、波以耳與實驗生活》（Leviathan and the Air-Pump: Hobbes, Boyle, and the Experimental Life），台北市：行人，2006。
塞班（George H. Sabine），李少軍，尚新建譯，《西方政治思想史》（A History of Political Theory），台北：桂冠，1991。
四、論文
Armitage, David “John Milton: Poet against Empire,” in Armand Himy, David Armitage, and Quentin Skinner, eds. Milton and Republicanism, 206-225.
Corns, Thomas N., “Milton and the Characteristics of a Free Commonwealth,” in Armand Himy, David Armitage, and Quentin Skinner, eds. Milton and Republicanism, 25-42.
Corns, Thomas N., “Milton’s prose” in Dennis Dazielson, ed. The Cambridge Companion to Milton, New York: Cambridge University Press, 1989, 183-196.
Dzelzainis, Martin, “Milton and the protectorate in 1658,” in Armand Himy, David Armitage, and Quentin Skinner, eds. Milton and Republicanism, 181-205.
Dzelzainis, Martin, “Milton’s classical republicanism,” in Armand Himy, David Armitage, Quentin Skinner, eds. Milton and Republicanism, 3-24.
Koslow, Julian, “‘Not a Bow for Every Man to Shoot’: Milton’s Of Education, between Hartlib and Humanism,” Milton Studies 47 (2008), 24-53.
Mikolajczak, Michael Allen “Reading Milton: a summary of illuminating efforts”, in Dennis Dazielson, ed. The Cambridge Companion to Milton, New York: Cambridge University Press, 1989, 277-289.
Pocock, J. G. A. “British History: A Plea for a New Subject”, The Journal of British Studies Vol. 47, No. 4, 1975, 601-621.
Pocock, J. G. A. “Burke and the Ancient Constitution: A Problem in the History of Ideas,” Politics, Language and Time: Essays on Political Thought and History, New York: Atheneum, 1973, 202-232.
Skinner, Quentin “Meaning and Understanding in the History of Ideas,” History and Theory, Vol. 8, No. 1, 1969, 3-53. |
| Description: | 碩士
國立政治大學
歷史研究所
97153006
99 |
| Source URI: | http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0097153006 |
| Data Type: | thesis |
| Appears in Collections: | [歷史學系] 學位論文
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