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    題名: 環境政策與最適汙染減量之研發策略
    Environment policy and the strategy of R&D
    作者: 施睿明
    貢獻者: 賴育邦
    施睿明
    關鍵詞: 環境政策
    研發策略
    R&D
    污染稅
    環境協定
    R&D
    Environmental policy
    Emission-tax
    Environmental agreements
    日期: 2009
    上傳時間: 2010-12-09 16:08:11 (UTC+8)
    摘要: 經濟快速發展帶來的環境衝擊，近年來逐漸成為全球關注的焦點，為了達成環境與經濟永續發展的目標，各國政府如何透過政策的實行，提高有關污染減量的研發誘因以調整產業結構亦為重要的課題，大部分的文獻著重於策略性環境政策與貿易之間的關係，並進一步分析福利的變化，本文主要係從產業組織的觀點出發，將產業研發決策與環境政策作連結，探討環境政策與污染減量之研發投入間的關係，並進一步分析研發投入在兩國合作與非合作之環境政策的影響。
    透過兩國三地模型的應用並輔以二階段賽局之分析方法，本文發現環境政策對污染減量之研發投入水準的影響，取決於消費者對產品的需求與研發的外溢效果大小而定，至於兩國在環境政策上，在廠商之研發投入為外生變數的前提下，各別訂定的污染稅隨著廠商研發的投入而調降，而共同訂定的污染稅反而隨著研發的投入而提高。
    There has been a growing concern about the impact of economic development on the global environment which has deeply influenced by the uncontrolled pollution emissions. In order to reduce pollution emissions, governments have incentives to use environmental policies to encourage the private R&D spending which targets on reducing pollutions. Therefore, in this paper we develop a three-country model to examine the relationship between environmental policy and the level of the private R&D. And we also investigate the effects of the private R&D investments in the environmental agreements between countries. A principal finding is that when governments levy tax on pollution emissions, it turns out that firms may or may not increase its level of the R&D spending. In addition, in setting the R&D spending as the exogenous variable, ceteris paribus, the non-cooperative emission-tax will decrease when the R&D spending increases. However, on the contrary, the increased R&D spending will lead to the increasing of the cooperative emission-tax.
    參考文獻: 一、中文部分
    劉錦龍、許菁君、謝壯堃（2005）, “能源環境政策與誘發創新”, 經濟論文叢刊, 33, 181-212.
    徐學忍與巫和懋（2005）, “不同合作機制對研發策略聯盟的均衡與最適結構之影響”, 經濟論文, 33, 405-432.
    賴育邦（2007）, “跨國污染與國際環境協定”, 經社法制論叢, 40, 151-174.
    二、英文部分
    Atallah, G. (2002), “Vertical R&D Spillover, Cooperation, Market Structure, and
    Innovation,” Economics of Innovation and New Technology, 11, pp. 179-209.
    Brander, J. and P. Krugman (1983), “A Reciprocal Dumping Model of International Trade,” Journal of International Economics, 15, 313-323.
    Brander, J.A. and B.J. Spencer (1985), “Export Subsidies and Market Share Rivalry,” Journal of International Economics, 18, 83-100.
    D’Aspremont, C. and A. Jacquemin, (1988), “Cooperative and Noncooperative R&D in Duopoly with Spillovers,” American Economic Review, 78, 1133-1137.
    Duval, Y. and S.F. Hamilton (2002), “Strategic Environmental Policy and International Trade in Asymmetric Oligopoly Markets,” International Tax and Public Finance, 9, 259-271.
    Hinloopen, J. (1997), “Subsidizing Cooperative and Noncooperative R&D in Duopoly with Spillovers,” Journal of Economics, 66, 151-175.
    Kamien, M.I., E. Muller, and I. Zang, (1992), “Research Joint Ventures and R&D Cartels,” American Economic Review, 17, 1293-1306.
    Katz, M.L. (1986), “An Analysis of Cooperative Research and Development,” Rand Journal of Economics, 17, 527-543.
    Kennedy, P.W. (1994), “Equilibrium Pollution Taxes in Open Economies with Imperfect Competition,”Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 27, 49-63.
    Lai Y .-B and C.-H. Hu (2008), “Trade Agreements, Domestic Environmental Regulation, and Transboundary Pollution, ” Resource and Energy Economics, 30, 209-228.
    Mansfield, E. (1985), “How Rapidly Does New Industrial Technology Leak out?”Jjournal of Industrial Economics, 34, 907-918.
    Spence, A.M. (1984), “Cost Reduction, Competition, and Industry Performance,”Econometrica, 52, 101-121.
    Suzumura, K. (1992), “Cooperative and Noncooperative R&D in an Oligopoly with Spillovers,” American Economic Review, 82, 1307-1320.
    Tanguay, G.A. (2001), “Strategic Environmental Policies under International Duopolistic Competition,” International Tax and Public Finance, 8, 793-811.
    Takarada, Y. (2005), “Transboundary Pollution and the Welfare Effects of Technology Transfer,” Journal of Economics, 85, 251-275.
    Ulph, A. (1996), “Environmental Policy and International Trade when Governments and Producers Act Strategically,” Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 30, 265-281.
    Walz, U. and D. Wellisch (1997), “Is Free Trade in the Interest of Exporting Countries when There is Ecological Dumping?” Journal of Public Economics, 66, 275-291.
    Youssef, S.B. (2009), “Transboundary Pollution, R&D Spillovers and International Trade,” The Annals of Regional Science, 43, 235-250.
    描述: 碩士
    國立政治大學
    財政研究所
    97255009
    98
    資料來源: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0972550091
    資料類型: thesis
    顯示於類別:[財政學系] 學位論文

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