Loading...
|
Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item:
https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/49971
|
Title: | China’s energy security: the impact on China’s foreign policy and the international order |
Authors: | 柯愛蓮 Kork, Aire |
Contributors: | 耿曙 Keng, Shu 柯愛蓮 Kork, Aire |
Keywords: | 中國 國際關係 能源外交 China Energy Security Foreign Policy |
Date: | 2008 |
Issue Date: | 2010-12-09 15:20:50 (UTC+8) |
Abstract: | This thesis explores the topic of China’s rise through evaluating the impact of the rising China on the present international order. This is done through examining China’s foreign policy aimed at energy supply security and its effect on the institutions of the international order, as well as the Sino-US relationship. The thesis shows that China’s oil supply related foreign policy is overwhelmingly strategic in nature, and this creates more competition than cooperation while also causing a number of controversies in relation to the character of the rising China within this international order and its impact on it. The research results tend to support a more realist perspective as they show that China’s expanding foreign policy has been undermining key norms and values of the present international order for the sake of securing its key national interests. China’s relationship with the US has not become more cooperative but has been undermined by distrust which has resulted in China engaging in soft-power balancing vis-à-vis the US. |
Reference: | Books and Book Chapters Andrews-Speed, Philip et al. 2002. The Strategic Implications of China`s Energy Needs. London: International Institute for Strategic Studies. Bernard D. Cole. 2008. Sea lanes and pipelines: energy security in Asia. Westport, Connecticut: Praeger Security International. Chan, Steve. 2008. China, the U.S., and the Power-Transition Theory: A Critique. New York: Routledge. Chen, Gerald. 2006. China’s Compliance in Global Affairs: Trade, Arms Control, Environmental Protection, Human Rights. Singapore: World Scientific. Deng, Yong. 2008. China’s Struggle for Status: the Realignment of International Relations. Cambridge University Press: Cambridge. Downs, Erica. 2006. Energy Security Series: China. Brookings Foreign Policy Studies, Energy Security Series, Brookings Institution Press. Fukuyama, Francis. 1992. End of History and the Last Man. Free Press. Herberg, Mikkal E. 2004. „Asian Energy Insecurity: Cooperation or Conflict?“ in Strategic Asia 2004-5: Confronting Terrorism in the Pursuit of Power, edited by Ashley J. Tellis and Michael Wills, 339-378. Washington: The National Bureau of Asian Research. IEA (International Energy Agency). 2007. World Energy Outlook 2007. Paris: OECD/IEA. _____. 2006. World Energy Outlook 2006. Paris: OECD/IEA. Keohane, Robert. 1984. After Hegemony: Cooperation and discord in the world political economy. Princeton: Princeton University Press. Lanteigne, Marc. 2005. China and International Institutions: Alternate Paths to Global Power. New York: Routledge. _____. 2009. Chinese Foreign Policy: An Introduction. New York: Routledge. Moran, Daniel and Russell A. James. 2009. Energy Security and Global Politics: the Militarization of Resource Management. New York: Routledge. Ramo, Joshua Cooper. 2004. The Beijing Consensus. London: Foreign Policy Centre. Rosenau, James. 1992. “Governance, Order, and Change in World Politics.” In Governance without Government: Order and Change in World Politics, edited by James Rosenau and Ernst-Otto Czempiel,. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Shan, Wenhua. 2008. “Redefining the Chinese Concept of Sovereignty.” In China and the New International Order, edited by Wang Gungwu and Zheng Yongnian, 53-80. New York: Routledge. Shinn, James. 1996. “Conditional Engagement with China.” In Weaving the Net: Conditional Engagement with China, edited by James Shinn, 3-88. New York: Council on Foreign Relations Press. Taylor, Ian. 2006. China and Africa: Engagement and Compromise. New York: Routledge. Waltz, Kenneth. 2000. “Structural Realism after the Cold War.” International Security, Vol. 25(1): 5-41. Wesley, Michael. 2007. Energy Security in Asia. New York: Routledge. _____. 2007. “The Geopolitics of Energy Security in Asia.” in Energy Security in Asia, edited by Michael Wesley, 1-12. New York: Routledge. Wu, Guoguang and Helen Lansdowne. 2008. “International Multilateralism with Chinese Characteristics: Attitude changes, policy imperatives, and regional impacts.” In China Turns to Multilateralism: Foreign policy and regional security, edited by Wu Guoguang and Helen Lansdowne, 3-18. New York: Routledge Contemporary China Series. Yee, Herbert, and Ian Storey. 2001. “Introduction: Origins of the China Threat Theory.” In The China Threat: Perceptions, Myth, and Reality edited by Herbert Yee and Ian Storey, 1-20. New York: RoutledgeCurzon. Academic Articles Alden, Chris. 2008. „China and Africa: A New Development Partnership.“ Strategic Analysis, Vol. 32(2): 297-304. Berman, Ilan. 2009. „Beijing’s Iranian Gamble.“ Far Eastern Energy Review, Vol. 172(3): 52-55. Brzezinski, Zbigniew and John J. Mearsheimer. 2005. “Clash of the Titans.” Foreign Policy, No. 146, Jan/Feb: 46-50. Buzan, Barry and Ole Weaver. 2003. Regions and Powers: the Structure of International Security. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Chen, Shaofeng. 2008. “Motivations behind China’s Foreign Oil Quest.” Journal of Chinese Political Science, Vol. 13(1): 79-104. Correljé, Aad and Coby van der Linde. 2006. “Energy Supply and Geopolitics: A European Perspective.” Energy Policy, Vol. 34: 532-543. Dannreuther, Roland. 2003. “Asian Security and China’s Energy Needs.” International Relations of the Asia-Pacific, Vol. 3: 197-219. Ding, Yuanhong. 2008. “A Harmonious World and China-US Relations.” Foreign Affairs Journal, No. 85. http://www.cpifa.org/EN/Html/20081223235833-1.html. Downs, Erica S. 2004. “The Chinese Energy Security Debate.” The China Quarterly, No. 177: 21-41. Elrod, Richard B. 1976. “The Concert of Europe: A Fresh Look at an International System.” World Politics, Vol. 28: 159-174. Frynas, Jedrzej and Manual G. Paulo. 2006. “A New Scramble for African Oil: Historical, Political, and Business Perspective.” African Affairs, Vol. 106: 229-251. Ho, Joshua J. 2006. „The Security of Sea Lanes in Southeast Asia.“ Asian Survey, Vol. 46(4): 558-574. Hoge, James F., Jr. 2004. “A Global Power Shift in the Making,” Foreign Affairs, Vol. 83(4): 2-7. http://www.foreignaffairs.org/20040701facomment83401/james-f-hoge-jr/a-global-power-shift-in-the-making.html. Houser, Trevor. 2008. „The Roots of Chinese Oil Investment Abroad.“ Asia Policy, No. 8: 141-166. http://www.nbar.org/publications/asia_policy/AP5/AP5_Houser.pdf. Houser, Trevor and Roy Levy. 2008. “Energy Security and China’s UN Diplomacy.” China Security, Vol. 4(3): 63-73. Hsiao, Russell. 2007. „China Exerts Administrative Control Over Disputed South China Sea Islets.“ China Brief, Vol. 7(23). http://www.jamestown.org/programs/chinabrief/single/?tx_ttnews[tt_news]=4611&tx_ttnews[backPid]=197&no_cache=1. Hurrell, Andrew. 2006. “Hegemony, Liberalism, and Global Order: What Space for Would-be Great Powers?” International Affairs, Vol. 82(1): 1-19. Ikenberry, John G. 2008. “The Rise of China and the Future of the West: Can the Liberal System Survive?” Foreign Affairs, Vol. 87(1): 23-37. http://www.foreignaffairs.org/20080101faessay87102/g-john-ikenberry/the-rise-of-china-and-the-future-of-the-west.html. Kong, Bo. 2005. “An Anatomy of China’s Energy Insecurity and Its Strategies.” Oil, Gas & Energy Law Intelligence, Vol. 6(1): 1- 69. Kristof, Nicholas D. 1993. “The Rise of China.” Foreign Affairs, Vol. 72(5): 59–74. Lee, Pak K. 2005. “China`s quest for oil security: oil (wars) in the pipeline?” The Pacific Review, Vol. 18(2): 265-301. Leverett, Flynt and Jeffrey Bader. 2006. “Managing China-U.S. Energy Competition in the Middle East.” Washington Quarterly, Vol. 29(1): 187-201. Loh, Anthony A. 2008. “Deconstructing Cultural Realism.” In China and the New International Order. In Wang Gungwu and Zheng Yongnian, 281-292. New York: Routledge. Mearshimer, John J. 2006. “China’s Unpeaceful Rise.” Current History, Vol. 106(690): 160-162. Mei, Zhaorong. 2005. “The International Strategic Situation after the Iraq War.” Foreign Affairs Journal, No.70. http://www.cpifa.org/EN/Html/20051211587-1.html. _____. 2008. “China’s Diplomacy and the Shaping of International Order.” Foreign Affairs Journal, No.82. http://www.cpifa.org/EN/Html/20081223225842-1.html . Niazi, Tarique. 2006. „The Ecology of Strategic Interests: China’s Quest for Energy Security from the Indian Ocean to the South China Sea to the Caspian Sea Basin.“ China and Eurasia Forum Quarterly, Vol. 4(4): 97-116. Nye, Joseph. 1997. China and the Future of the Asia-Pacific. International Institute for Strategic Studies (IISS) 39th Annual Conference, Singapore, September 1997. Oresman, Matthew. 2008. “Reassessing the Fleeting Potential of US-China Cooperation in Central Asia.” China and Eurasia Forum Quarterly, Vol. 6(2): 5-13. Pape, Robert A. 2005. “Soft Balancing Against the United States.” International Security, Vol. 30(1): 7-45. Paul, T. V. 2005. “Soft balancing in the age of US primacy.” International Security, Vol. 30(1): 46-71. Peyrouse, Sebastien. 2007. “Economic Aspects of Sino-Central Asia Rapprochement.” Silk Road Paper, Central Asia-Caucasus Institute. Qi, Guoqiang. 2007. China’s Foreign Aid: Policies, Structure, Practice and Trend. Paper delivered to Conference on New Directions in Foreign Aid, Centre for Global Governance, Oxford University in June 2007. Saunders, Phillip C. 2006. China’s Global Activism: Strategy, Drivers, and Tools. Occasional Paper 4, Institute for National Strategic Studies, Washington. Stähle, Sefan. 2008. “China’s Shifting Attitude towards United Nations Peacekeeping Operations.” The China Quarterly, No. 196: 613-655. Tang, James. 2006. „With the Grain or Against the Grain? Energy Security and Chinese Foreign Policy in the Hu Jintao Era.“ Brookings Institution, October 2006. Xu, Yi-chong. 2006. “China’s Energy Security.” Australian Journal of International Affairs, Vol. 60(2): 265-286. Zha, Daojiang. 2006. “China’s Energy Security: Domestic and International Issues.“ Survival, Vol. 48(1): 179-190. Zhao, Hong. 2007. “China’s Oil Venture in Africa.” East Asia, Vol. 24: 399-415. Zhao, Suisheng. 2005. „China’s Pragmatic Nationalism: Is It Manageable?“ The Washington Quarterly, Vol. 29(1): 131-144. Media “An (iron) fistful of help.” The Economist, June 4, 2009. „China Comes to Russia’s Rescue.“ Petroleum Economist, March 2009 “China-Kazakhstan Pipeline Starts to Pump Oil.” Xinhua/AP, December 15, 2005. http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/english/doc/2005-12/15/content_503709.htm. “China to Double Oil Import from Foreign Assets.“ Dow Jones Energy Service, April 23, 2006. http://www.uofaweb.ualberta.ca/chinainstitute/nav03.cfm?nav03=45459&nav02=43884&nav01=43092. “China to Seek Early FTA with GCC.” China Daily, February 12, 2009. http://www.china.org.cn/video/2009-02/12/content_17267229_2.htm. “China Questions UN Iran Sanctions.” BBC News, December 5, 2007. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/7128183.stm. "Chinese Model is No Panacea for Africa." Financial Times, February 6, 2007. http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/c1a221ca-b586-11db-a5a5-0000779e2340.html. Daragahi, B. 2005. “China Goes Beyond Oil in Forging Ties to Persian Gulf.” New York Times, January 13. http://www.energybulletin.net/node/4015 French, Howard. 2004. “China in Africa: All Trade, With No Political Baggage.” New York Times, August 8. _____. 2007. “China Seeks Solution to Darfur Crisis.” New York Times, January 24. http://www.nytimes.com/2007/01/24/world/asia/24iht-web.0124hucnd.4326805.html. “Hu Puts Forward Four-Point Principle on Solving Darfur Issue.” Xinhua News Agency, February 3, 2007. http://www.china.org.cn/english/infernational/198792.htm. “Iranian President Critisizes Unipolar World Orderat SCO Summit in Russia.“ Xinhua, June 16, 2009. http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2009-06/16/content_11553050.htm. Mahtani, Dino. 2008. ‘Scramble for Africa’s Resources.’ Financial Times Special Report Africa: Oil & Gas, January 28: 1-2. Morris, Harvey. 2008. “China Defends Africa Aid Stance.” Financial Times, July 2. http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/28a69bd4-479a-11dd-93ca-000077b07658.html Mortished, Carl. 2009. “While We Moan, the Chinese Get On with It.” The Times, April 29. http://business.timesonline.co.uk/tol/business/industry_sectors/natural_resources/article6188264.ece. Mu, Xueaquan. 2006. “Stable, long-term energy supply predicted.” China Daily, May 29. http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2006-05/29/content_4624195.htm. Mufson, Steven. 2006. “As China, US Vie for More Oil, Diplomatic Friction May Follow” The Washington Post, April 15: D01. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/04/14/AR2006041401682.html. “Mutual Convenience.” The Economist, Special Report, Vol. 386(8571), 2008. „No Strings.“ The Economist, Special Report, Vol. 386(8571), 2008: 14-17. Osnos, Evan. 2006. ‘The coming fight for oil,’ Chicago Tribune, December 19. Pang, Zhongying. 2006. “Peaceful Development of Resources Crucial.” China Daily, February 7. http://www.china.org.cn/english/BAT/157107.htm. Parker, George and Alan Beattie. 2006. “EIB Accuses Chinese Banks of Undercutting African Loans.” Financial Times, November 29. http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/added3c2-7f4e-11db-b193-0000779e2340.html?nclick_check=1 Phillips, Michael. 2006. "G-7 to Warn China over Costly Loans to Poor Countries." The Wall Street Journal, September 15: A2. Radia, Krita. 2008. “World Powers to Push for More Iran Sanctions.“ abcNews, January 22. “UN Passes Iran Nuclear Sanctions.” BBC News, December 23, 2006. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/6205295.stm. “Welding New Relations.” Petroleum Economist, February 2006. “World Powers Mull Iran Sanctions.” BBC News, August 6, 2008. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/7544768.stm. Xu Yihe. 2002. “China energy watch: diplomacy, politics, energy security,” Dow Jones Energy Service (DJES), September 11. Internet Afrasiabi, Kaveh l. 2009. „US Closer to Iran as EU Shifts.“ Asia Times, July. http://www.atimes.com/atimes/Middle_East/KG11Ak03.html . “Angola.” CIA World Factbook, June 2009. https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/AO.html. Bezlova, Antoaneta. 2008. „Spielberg’s Olympic-size Snub.“ Asia Times, February 15. http://www.atimes.com/atimes/China/JB15Ad02.html. Blair, Bruce, Chen Yali, and Eric Hagt. 2006. “The Oil Weapon: Myth of China’s Vulnerability.” China Security, Issue 3: 32-63. http://www.chinasecurity.us/images/stories/cs_issue3_theoilweaponmyth.pdf. Brautigam, Deborah. 2008. China’s African Aid: Transatlantic Challenges. A report to the German Marshall Fund of the United States, American University, Washington DC, April 2008. http://www.gmfus.org/doc/Brautigam0410aFINAL.pdf. Brookes, Peter and Shin Jihye. 2006. “China’s Influence in Africa: Implications for the US.” The Heritage Foundation, Backgrounder #1916, February 22. http://www.heritage.org/research/asiaandthepacific/bg1916.cfm. Chang, Parris. 2008. „China’s Policy towards Iran: Arms for Oil?“ China Brief, Vol. 8(21). http://www.jamestown.org/programs/chinabrief/single/?tx_ttnews[tt_news]=34141&tx_ttnews[backPid]=168&no_cache=1. Chen, Shaofeng. 2009. China’s Self-Extrication from the “Malacca Dilemma” and Its Impact on Southeast Asia. Draft Paper for the Conference “China’s Future: Pitfalls, Prospects and the Implications for ASEAN and the World” at the University of Malaya, 5-6 May. http://ccm.um.edu.my/umweb/ics/may2009/chensf.pdf. .“China’s Africa Policy.” Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People’s Republic of China, January 2006. http://www.fmprc.gov.cn/eng/zxxx/t230615.htm. Chu, Shulong. 2007. "Iran’s Nuclear Act and U.S.-China Relations: The View from Beijing." China Brief, Vol. 7(23). http://www.jamestown.org/single/?no_cache=1&tx_ttnews[tt_news]=4612. Cooney, Kevin J. and Yoichiro Sato, eds. 2009. The Rise of China and International Security: America and Asia Respond. New York: Routledge. Cordesman, Anthony H. 2007. „Iran, Oil, and the Strait of Hormuz.“ CSIS Washington Centre for Strategic Studies, March 26. http://www.csis.org/media/csis/pubs/070326_iranoil_hormuz.pdf. Garver, John W. 2008. „China Should Act Responsibly on Iran.“Far East Economic Review, October 11. http://www.feer.com/international-relations/2008/october/China-Should-Act-Responsibly-on-Iran. Gill, Bates, Hunag Chinhao, and Sephen J. Morrsion. 2007. „Assessing China’s Growing Influence in Africa.“ China Security, Vol. 3(3): 3-21. http://yaleglobal.yale.edu/about/pdfs/china-africa.pdf. Gorst, Isabel and Jamil Anderlini. 2009. “China puts up $10bn for central Asia loans.” Financial Times, June 17. http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/b94804a0-5ad3-11de-8c14-00144feabdc0.html. “Growing More Corrupt.” The Economist Intelligence Unit Briefing, October 17, 2008: http://www.economist.com/agenda/displaystory.cfm?story_id=12448676. Hanson, Stephanie. 2008. “China, Africa, and Oil.” Backgrounder, Council on Foreign Relations, June 6. http://www.cfr.org/publication/9557/. Hare, Paul. 2007. “China in Angola: An Emerging Energy Partnership.” China Brief, Vol. 6(22). http://www.jamestown.org/programs/chinabrief/single/?tx_ttnews[tt_news]=3997&tx_ttnews[backPid]=196&no_cache=1. Holmes, James. 2007. "China’s Energy Consumption and Opportunities for U.S.-China cooperation." Testimony before the U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission, June 14. http://74.125.153.132/search?q=cache:XfdEuvsQs3MJ:www.uscc.gov/hearings/2007hearings/transcripts/june_14_15/holmes_prepared_remarks.pdf+gwadar+china+pakistan+chinabrief&cd=20&hl=en&ct=clnk. Jian, Junbo. 2009. „China-US Spat A Drop in the Ocean.“ Asia Times, March 14. http://www.atimes.com/atimes/China/KC14Ad01.html. Jiang, Wenran. 2007. “China’s Growing Energy Relations with the Middle East.” China Brief, Vol. 7(14). http://www.jamestown.org/programs/chinabrief/single/?tx_ttnews[tt_news]=4299&tx_ttnews[backPid]=197&no_cache=1. Keohane, Robert. 2008. „Robert Keohane on Institutions and the Need for Innovation in the Field.” Theory Talks, No.9, May 28. http://www.theory-talks.org/2008/05/theory-talk-9.html. Lee, Henry and Dan A. Shalmon, 2007. Searching for Oil: China’s Oil Initiatives in the Middle East. Working Paper Series, Harvard University, March 2007. http://ksgnotes1.harvard.edu/Research/wpaper.nsf/32181f04b09f9d158525694d001bc47d/fb8d489e5148cf35852572a40053c35f/$FILE/rwp_07_017_lee.pdf. Lewis, Steven W. 2007. “Chinese NOCs and World Energy Markets: CNPC, Sinopec and CNOOC.” The Baker Institute Energy Forum, March 2007. http://www.rice.edu/energy/publications/docs/NOCs/Papers/NOC_CNOOC_Lewis.pdf. Lieberthal, Kenneth and Mikkal Herberg. 2006. “China’s Search for Energy Security: Implications for US Policy.” National Bureau of Asian Research, April 2006. http://www.nbr.org/programs/energy/index.html. Mughal, Owais. 2008. „Gwadar Port: A Great Development Project or a Great Game?“ Pakistaniat, June 11. http://pakistaniat.com/2008/06/11/gwadar-port-a-great-development-project-or-a-great-game/. Niazi, Tarique. 2005. „Gwadar: China’s Naval Outpost on the Indian Ocean.“ China Brief, February 2. http://www.asianresearch.org/articles/2528.html. Ramachandran, Sudha. 2009. “China Secures Myanmar Energy Route.” Asia Times, April 3. http://www.atimes.com/atimes/South_Asia/KD03Df03.html. Rogoff, Kenneth. 2006. “Oil and the Global Economy.” Essay at Harvard University. http://www.nes.ru/public-presentations/Papers/Oil%20and%20the%20Global%20Economy_Rogoff__v2.pdf. Sakhuja, Vijay. 2009. “Sri Lanka: Beijing’s Growing Foothold in the Indian Ocean.” China Brief, June 12. http://www.jamestown.org/programs/chinabrief/single/?tx_ttnews[tt_news]=35119&tx_ttnews[backPid]=25&cHash=db50f4414f. “Security Council Demands Iran Suspend Uranium Enrichment by 31 August of Face Possible Economic, Diplomatic Sanctions.” UN Department of Public Information, July 31, 2006. http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs/2006/sc8792.doc.htm. Shichor, Yitzhak. 2008. „Iran Keeps China in a Chokehold.“ Asia Times, September 26. http://www.atimes.com/atimes/China/JI26Ad01.html. Shinn, David H. 2007. „Africa, China, the United States, and Oil.“ CSIS Africa Program, May 8. http://forums.csis.org/africa/?p=34. Storey, Ian. 2006. "China`s ‘Malacca Dilemma’.” China Brief, Vol. 6(8). http://www.jamestown.org/programs/chinabrief/single/?tx_ttnews[tt_news]=31575&tx_ttnews[backPid]=196&no_cache=1. _____. 2007. "New Energy projects help China reduce its `Malacca Dilemma`." OpinionAsia.org, May 14. http://www.opinionasia.org/NewEnergyProjectshelpChinareduceitsMalaccaDilemma. Taylor, Ian. 2007. „Arms Sales to Africa: Beijing’s Reputation at Risk.“ China Brief, Vol. 7(7). http://www.jamestown.org/programs/chinabrief/single/?tx_ttnews[tt_news]=4069&tx_ttnews[backPid]=197&no_cache=1. _____. 2007. Unpacking China’s Resource Diplomacy in Africa. Working Paper no. 9, Center on China’s Transnational Relations, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology. http://www.cctr.ust.hk/materials/working_papers/WorkingPaper19_IanTaylor.pdf. Traub, James. 2006. “China’s African Adventure.” New York Times, November 19. http://www.nytimes.com/2006/11/19/magazine/19china.html?_r=4&sq=china%20angola%20africa&st=cse&scp=1&pagewanted=all. “Washington Consensus.“ Global Trade Negotiations, Centre for International Development, Harvard University, April 2003. http://www.cid.harvard.edu/cidtrade/issues/washington.html. Xu, Xiaojie. 2000. “China and the Middle East: Cross-Investment in the Energy Sector.” Middle East Policy, Vol. 7(3). http://www.mepc.org/journal_vol7/0006_xu.asp. _____. 2007. “Chinese NOC’s Overseas Strategies: Background, Comparisons, and Remarks.” Rice University, James A. Baker III Institute for Public Policy, March 2007. Ye, Hailin. 2009. Securing SLOCs by Cooperation – China’s Perspective on Maritime Security in the Indian Ocean. Position paper, the International Maritime Conference 3, National Maritime Policy Research Center, Bahria Univeristy, Pakistan, March 7. http://iaps.cass.cn/english/articles/showcontent.asp?id=1233. _____. 2009. “Safe Seas.” Beijing Review, No.13, April 2. http://www.bjreview.com/world/txt/2009-03/31/content_188746.htm . Zhang, Kang. 2003. China’s Oil and Gas Resources and Safety Countermeasures: Chinese Energy Comprehensive Development Strategy and Policy. China Development and Research Centre of State Council, October 2003. http://www.efchina.org/csepupfiles/report/2006102695218245.49798158411193.pdf/4_Oil_supply_security.pdf. Zhang, Xuegang. 2008. „China’s Energy Corridors in Southeast Asia.“ China Brief, February 4. http://www.jamestown.org/single/?no_cache=1&tx_ttnews[tt_news]=4693. Zubir, Mokhzani. 2004. The Strategic Value of the Strait of Malacca. Centre for Maritime Security and Diplomacy, Kuala Lumpur. www.mima.gov.my/mima/htmls/papers/pdf/mokhzani/strategic-value.pdf+malacca+key+to+energy+security+hu+jintao&cd=1&hl=en&ct=clnk |
Description: | 碩士 國立政治大學 中國大陸研究英語碩士學程(IMCS) 95925032 97 |
Source URI: | http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0095925032 |
Data Type: | thesis |
Appears in Collections: | [中國大陸研究英語碩士學程(IMCS)] 學位論文
|
All items in 政大典藏 are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved.
|